Relapse of herpes simplex encephalitis presenting as choreoathetosis.

We report a case of herpes simplex virus (HSV) encephalitis (HSE) in an 11-year-old boy who recovered with acyclovir therapy but developed relapse after 2 weeks. Choreoathetosis was the presenting feature of relapse. Response to antiinflammatory treatment was excellent. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of HSE relapse presenting with choreoathetosis reported from India. We describe the patient and review the literature on HSE and HSE relapse.