Pénfigo benigno familiar de presentación atípica en paciente sin antecedente familiar / Atypical presentation of familial benign pemphigus in patient without familiar background

Resumen La enfermedad de Hailey-Hailey, también llamada pénfigo familiar benigno, corresponde a una genodermatosis debilitante que se transmite mediante un patrón autosómico dominante, con una prevalencia de alrededor de 1 en 50.000 casos. El reporte de antecedentes familiares está presente hasta en 60 % de los pacientes. Se caracteriza por la presencia de vesículas crónicas y recurrentes, erosiones y exulceraciones en zonas de flexura. El tratamiento puede representar un reto, porque a pesar del manejo con terapias tópicas, corticosteroides sistémicos, inmunomoduladores sistémicos y el empleo de láser, ninguna terapia ha logrado una remisión a largo plazo. Se presenta el caso de un paciente masculino, adulto medio, sin antecedente familiar alguno, con historia de placas de superficie descamativa y hematocostras recurrentes crónicas y presentación clínica atípica, dada la localización de lesiones predominantes en miembros superiores, con sospecha inicial de psoriasis vulgar, con posterior toma de biopsia y reporte de patología que evidencia histológia típica de PBF. Por lo cual se indica manejo con corticosteroides sistémicos, sin evidencia de reacciones adversas y con remisión a largo plazo. MÉD.UIS.2020;34(1):101-6

Abstract Hailey-Hailey disease, also called benign familial pemphigus, corresponds to a debilitating genodermatosis that is transmitted through an autosomal dominant pattern, with a prevalence of around 1 in 50,000 cases. The family history report is present in up to 60% of patients. It is characterized by the presence of chronic and recurrent vesicles, erosions and exulcerations in flexural areas. Treatment can be challenging, because despite management with topical therapies, systemic corticosteroids, systemic immunomodulators, and the use of lasers, no therapy has achieved long-term remission.We present the case of a male patient, middle adult, without any family history, with a history of scaly surface plaques and chronic recurrent hematocostras and atypical clinical presentation given the location of predominant lesions in the upper limbs, with initial suspicion of vulgar psoriasis, with subsequent biopsy and pathology report showing typical PBF histology. Therefore, management with systemic corticosteroids without evidence of adverse reactions and with long-term remission is indicated. MÉD.UIS.2020;34(1):101-6

Enfermedades acantolíticas: caracterización de pacientes con diagnóstico de enfermedad de Hailey-Hailey, enfermedad de Darier y enfermedad de Grover, entre los años 2007 y 2017 en el Hospital Clínico San Borja Arriaran y revisión de la literatura / Characterization of patients diagnosed with Hailey-Hailey disease: Darier's disease and Grover's disease, between 2007 and 2017 at the San Borja Arriaran Clinical Hospital and review of the literature

INTRODUCCIÓN: Las enfermedades acatólicas son un grupo heterogéneo de enfermedades que presentan como característica central histopatológica la acantosis. Generalmente presentan un curso de evolución crónica y recidivante, con variadas manifestaciones clínicas. OBJETIVO: caracterizar los pacientes con diagnóstico de enfermedad acantolítica, bajo 5 criterios clínicos y realizar una revisión de la literatura. MÉTODOS: Se realizó una revisión de la base de datos del Servicio Anatomía Patológica del Hospital San Borja Arriaran (HSBA) entre los años 2007 y 2017 y se complementaron con los antecedentes clínicos extraídos de las fichas clínicas.RESULTADOS: Se obtuvo un total de 13 casos. el 53,8% correspondieron a enfermedad de Darier, 20,6% a enfermedad de Hailey-Hailey y un 20,6% a enfermedad de Grover, obteniendo un promedio de edad al momento del diagnóstico de 22,5 años, 44,3 años y 47,6 años respectivamente. Los antecedentes familiares estuvieron presentes en el 53,8% del total de pacientes, ninguno de ellos presentaba estudio genético. El 61,5% de la muestra correspondió a pacientes de sexo femenino y el promedio de años de evolución previo al diagnóstico fue de 7,4 años para Darier, 8,6 para Hailey-Hailey y para Grover. El 100% de los pacientes con enfermedad de Darier y Grover estaban con terapia sistémica y el 66,6% de enfermedad de Hailey-Hailey con terapia tópica, todos con adecuada respuesta clínica. DISCUSIÓN y conclusiones: las enfermedades acantolíticas corresponden a genodermatosis poco frecuente cuyo diagnóstico y tratamiento constitu-yen un desafío para el dermatólogo

INTRODUCTION: Atytolic diseases are a heterogeneous group of diseases that present acanthosis as a histopathological central characteristic. They usually present a course of chronic and recurrent evolution, with varied clinical manifestations. OBJECTIVE: to characterize the patients diagnosed with acantholytic disease, with 5 clinical criteria and to carry out a review of the literature. METHODS: A review of the database of the Pathological Anatomy Service of the San Bor-ja Arriaran Hospital (HSBA) between 2007 and 2017 was carried out and complemented with the clinical records extracted from the clinical files. RESULTS: A total of 13 cases were obtained. 53.8% corresponded to Darier's disease, 20.6% to Hailey-Hailey's disease and 20.6% to Grover's disease, obtaining an average age at diagnosis of 22.5 years, 44.3 years and 47.6 years respectively. Family history was present in 53.8% of the to-tal patients, none of them had a genetic study. 61.5% of the sample corresponded to female patients and the average of years of evolution prior to diagnosis was 7.4 years for Darier, 8.6 for Hailey-Hailey and for Grover. 100% of the pa-tients with Darier and Grover's disease were on systemic therapy and 66.6% of Hailey-Hailey's disease with topical therapy, all with adequate clinical response. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: acantholytic diseases correspond to rare genodermatosis whose diagnosis and treatment constitute a challenge for the dermatologist.

Dermatosis intertriginosa crónica de aparición tardía: pénfigo de Hailey-Hailey / Chronic late-onset intertriginous dermatitis: Hailey-Hailey's pemphigus

El pénfigo familiar benigno o enfermedad de Hailey Hailey, es una genodermatosis vesico-ampollar autosómica dominante, con penetrancia incompleta y expresividad variable de presentación infrecuente. Se presenta el caso de un paciente con un cuadro de cinco años de evolución, caracterizado por lesiones vesiculares intertriginosas, de olor desagradable, con mala respuesta al tratamiento tópico con antifúngicos y corticoides. Se realiza biopsia de piel compatible con pénfigo de Hailey Hailey, el que fue manejado con antibióticoterapia y corticoides sistémicos, evolucionando favorablemente.

The benign familial pemphigus or Hailey Hailey´s disease is a rare autosomal dominant disorder. We present the clinical case of a patient with a five years history, characterized by vesicular intertriginous malodorous lesions with poor response to topical antifungal therapy. Skin biopsy it was compatible with Hailey Hailey´s disease which was managed with antibiotic therapy and systemic corticosteroids. The patient evolved favorably.

Enfermedad de Hailey-Hailey: A case report / Comunicación de un caso / Hailey-Hailey disease

La enfermedad de Hailey-Hailey (EHH) también conocida como pénfigo crónico familiar benigno (PCFB), es una genodermatosis muy infrecuente sin predilección de sexos; se caracteriza por ampollas y vesículas fláccidas, pruriginosas y dolorosas, localizadas en áreas intertriginosas. El diagnóstico suele tardarse debido a la diversidad de su presentación clínica. Presentamos el caso atípico de un paciente de 86 años de edad, que presentaba hace seis meses vesículas dolorosas erosionadas en cuello, axilas, ingles y mucosa oral; tratado anteriormente con corticoides, sin cambios, motivo por el que se hace biopsia de las lesiones, siendo la histopatología compatible con la enfermedad de Hailey-Hailey.

Hailey-Hailey disease or familial benign chronic pemphigus, is a very rare genodermatosis, autosomal dominant inheritance, has no sex and race predilection. It is caused by mutations in the ATP2C1 gene, which causes dysfunction calcium channel, key in regulating epidermal differentiation and processing desmosomal proteins involved in cell adhesion, as a result there is a defect in adherence of keratinocytes and acantholysis occurs and generating alterations in the epidermis. It´s clinical manifestations are characterized by flaccid, pruritic and painful ampules and vesicles located in intertriginous areas and rarely in mucosas; chronic and recurrent evolution. We report the unusual case of a male patient aged 86, presenting six months ago eroded and painful vesicles on the neck, armpits, groin and oral mucosa; previously treated with corticosteroids, unimproved, whereby lesions are biopsied, being histopathology compatible with Hailey-Hailey disease.

Enfermedad de Hailey- Hailey: reporte de casos entre los años 2001 y 2016 en un hospital universitario y revisión de la literatura / Hailey-Hailey disease: case report among the years 2001 and 2016 in a university hospital and review of the literature

Introducción: La enfermedad de Hailey-Hailey (pénfigo crónico familiar benigno) es una dermatosis ampollar, de evolución crónica, recidivante, autosómica dominante, de penetrancia y expresividad variables, localizada predominantemente en los pliegues. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión de la base de datos del Servicio Anatomía Patológica del Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile (HCUCH) entre los años 2001 y 2016 y se complementaron con los antecedentes clínicos extraídos de las fichas clínicas. Resultados: Se obtuvo un total de 6 casos ilustrativos de la patología en estudio. Discusión y conclusiones: La enfermedad de Hailey-Hailey es una genodermatosis poco frecuente cuyo diagnóstico y tratamiento constituyen un desafío para el dermatólogo.

Background: The Hailey-Hailey disease (familial benign chronic pemphigus) is a bullous dermatosis, with chronic and recurrent evolution, autosomal dominant with variable penetrance and expressivity, localized predominantly in the folds. Methods: A review of the database of the Anatomic Pathology Service of the Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile (HCUCH) between 2001 and 2016 was carried out and supplemented with the clinical history extracted from the clinical records. Results: A total of 6 illustrative cases of the pathology under study were obtained. Discussion and conclusions: Hailey-Hailey's disease is a rare genodermatosis whose diagnosis and treatment is a challenge for the dermatologist.

Enfermedad de Hailey-Hailey: presentación de dos casos / Hailey-Hailey disease: report of two cases

La enfermedad de Hailey-Hailey es un trastorno autosómico dominante, caracterizado por acantólisis de los queratinocitos. Se produce por mutaciones en el gen ATP2C1, que codifica la bomba de Ca++/Mn++ del aparato de Golgi. Clínicamente, se presenta como placas eritematosas con erosiones y fisuras principalmente en pliegues. Es una enfermedad crónica que cursa en brotes. No existen tratamientos específicos ni totalmente efectivos. Se utilizan corticoides y antibióticos tópicos, terapias sistémicas, quirúrgicas y físicas. Se presenta el caso de una paciente con enfermedad auto-limitada y otra, con lesiones extensas con mala adherencia al tratamiento y poca respuesta al mismo.

Hailey-Hailey disease is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by acantholysis. It is caused by mutations of ATP2C1 gene encoding the secretory pathway Ca++/Mn++ ATPase localized in Golgi apparatus. It usually presents as erythematous, erosive plaques with fissures at folds and sites of friction. The course is chronic, with relapses and remissions. Treatment options are neither specific nor totally effective for this disease. Topical corticosteroids in combination with antibiotics, systemic, surgical and physical therapy can be used. We report a female patient with self-limited disorder and another one with extensive disease, poor adherence and little response to treatment.

Enfermedad de Hailey-Hailey en varias generaciones de una familia / Hailey - Hailey disease in several generations of a family

Se describen 2 casos clínicos de hermanos adultos que presentaban pénfigo benigno familiar o enfermedad de Hailey-Hailey, tipo de genodermatosis por alteración en la cohesión epidérmica, atendidos en el Hospital General Docente Dr Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso de Santiago de Cuba. Los pacientes fueron tratados con esteroides en dosis antiinflamatorias, antibióticos y, de forma tópica, linimento vegetal y crema de aloe, además de recibir terapia floral. De manera general, ambos mejoraron su cuadro clínico durante la estadía en dicha institución hospitalaria

Two case reports of adult siblings are described, who presented with benign familial pemphigus or Hailey-Hailey disease --type of genodermatosis by altered epidermal cohesion-- attended in Dr Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso Teaching General Hospital of Santiago de Cuba. Patients were treated with steroids at anti-inflammatory doses, antibiotics, and topical plant liniment and aloe cream, besides receiving flower therapy. In general, both of them improved the clinical picture during their stay in this institution

Enfermedad de Hailey-Hailey verrugosa de localización exclusivamente vulvar. Comunicación de un caso / Verrucous Hailey-Hailey disease localized only on the vulvar area. A case report

Una paciente de 22 años consultó por la presencia de pápulas de color blanquecino, pequeñas, de superficie plana, múltiples y levemente pruriginosas, localizadas en vulva, sin otras manifestaciones dermatológicas. Como antecedente familiar de relevancia refirió que su madre presentaba una dermatosis de similares características en pliegues inframamarios y axilas, recurrentes desde la adolescencia. El estudio histológico de la paciente correspondió a una dermatosis acantolítica con disqueratosis, vinculable a un Pénfigo Crónico Benigno Familiar (PCBF) o enfermedad de Hailey-Hailey. Se presentan las características clínicas e histológicas observadas y se analizan los diagnósticos diferenciales que se plantean ante una dermatosis acantolítica de localización exclusivamente genital.

A 22-year-old woman presented with multiple, small, whitish, domeshaped, itchy papules localized on the vulvar area whitout any other dermatologic lesions. Her family history disclosed that her mother had recurrent bullous lesions since her adolescence. The histopathologic examination demonstrated an acantholytic dermatosis with dyskeratosis, corresponding to familial bening pemphigus or Hailey-Hailey disease. Wepresent the clinical and histological characteristics observed in this case and analize the diff erential diagnosis of acantholytic dermatoses localized only on the vulvar area.

A Case of Eczema Herpeticum with Hailey-Hailey Disease

Eczema herpeticum is the dissemination of herpes simplex virus in the setting of a preexisting skin disease. Hailey- Hailey disease [familial benign chronic pemphigus] is a blistering dermatosis that is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait and it usually presents itself around the third or fourth decades. Coexistence of eczema herpeticum and Hailey-Hailey disease is an infrequent occurrence. Four such cases have been reported in the English and German medical literature. We report here on an unusual case of eczema herpeticum that coexisted with Hailey-Hailey disease in a 47 years old man and we review the relevant literatures.

Case Report of Hailey-Hailey Disease which showed Remarkable Improvement by Sokeikakketsuto / 日本東洋医学雑誌

We report on a case of Hailey-Hailey disease successfully treated with Sokeikakketsuto. This case was a 70-year-old woman. Her mother, grandmother and elder sister had the same symptoms. From 2004 August, she noticed erythematous exudative lesions with itching on both sides of her inguinal area. By September, she was diagnosed with Hailey-Hailey disease histologically. We treated using a topical corticosteroid at first. This had little effect, so we considered treatment using Kampo medicines. We diagnosed a kidney Yin-deficiency from a fissure of her tongue, thirstiness, numbness in the region below the umbilicus and night sweat, thus and selected Rokumigan. We then diagnosed deficiency of Qi from her general malaise, so chose Hochuekkito. The pathology of Hailey-Hailey disease exists mainly in the epidermis which covers most of the body's surface area. And this indicates the presence of pathogenic wind factor. We considered the presence of dampness as a disease-inducing factor because of her exudation, and the presence of the heat from her erythema. So we also selected Eppikajutsuto as an anti wind-wetness-heat drug. Her general condition was very much improved with these administrations, but her skin lesions improved very little. So we stopped Eppikajutsuto, and Sokeikakketsuto administration was started instead. After this change of drug, her skin lesions were improved remarkably.

A Case of Hailey-Hailey Disease Improved with Topical Tacrolimus Ointment / 대한피부과학회지

A 45-year-old woman presented with a six-month history of Hailey-Hailey disease, which was recalcitrant to many dermatologic therapies including systemic antibiotics, dapsone, and topical corticosteroids. We precribed tacrolimus (0.1%) ointment for application to the lesions twice a day and examined weekly for the efficacy; the lesions were much improved after 6 weeks of treatment.

Study on gene mutation in 11 Chinese families with Hailey-Hailey disease / 北京大学学报(医学版)

Objective: To screen and identify gene mutations of 11 Chinese patients with Hailey Hailey disease (HHD). Methods: Cases of HHD were diagnosed by history, clinical menifestations and pathology. Then genomic DNA samples of patients were extracted from perpheral blood leukocytes, and polymerase chain reaction(PCR), DNA sequencing were performed. Results: We found five mutations in ATP2C1 gene including 3 nonsense mutations and 2 splicing mutations. Four of them were novel mutations. Conclusion: Both nonsense mutation and splicing mutation could affect the rusult of transcription,translation, and the functions of protein encoded by ATP2C1 gene, so the mutations reported in this study is the underlying cause of HHD.

A Case of Hailey-Hailey Disease Improved with Oral Cyclosporine / 대한피부과학회지

Hailey-Hailey disease is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by recurrent blisters especially on the intertriginous areas such as groin, axillae, and neck. The course of disease is characterized by spontaneous exacerbation and remission. The usual modes of therapy include topical and systemic glucocorticoids, antibiotics, surgical skin grafts, laser treatment, and conservative managements. We report a case of Hailey-Hailey disease treated with oral cyclosporine.

Hailey-Hailey Disease with a Family Histroy and Unique Nail Lesions

Hailey-Hailey disease(benign familial chronic pemphigus) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by blisters at sites of friction such as the neck, axillae and groin which are caused by suprabasal epidermal acantholysis. We report two cases of Hailey-Hailey disease in the one family. One of the two cases has asymptomatic multiple longitudinal white bands in the fingernails associated with typical skin lesions. The nail lesions have not been described until reported by Burge in 1992 and it may be a characteristic finding in Hailey-Hailey disease.

A Case of Early Age Onset Hailey-Hailey Disease Treated with Surgical Operation

Hailey-Hailey disease is a rare hereditary dermatosis that begins in the 2nd or 3rd decade of life. The skin lesion is characterized by a localized, recurrent eruption of small vesicles on an erythematous base. It courses remissions and exacerbations. It seldom begins in early childhood, and main treatment modalities are conservative ones. We report a case of Hailey-Hailey disease that began on a 7-month old infant and improved by surgical treatment. In according to review of the previous reports, it is probably the earliest onset age and it is may be the first case which was treated with surgery in Korea.