ABSTRACT
Background: The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is responsible for regulating the functions of several organ systems, thereby contributing to homeostatic control and adaptive mechanisms. The ANS function can be modified by several modifiable factors and its derangement is also responsible for several disorders. Diet is an important modifiable factor. Aim and Objectives: The objective of this study was therefore to study this interaction between diet and ANS. Materials and Methods: Subjects meeting the required inclusion and exclusion criteria as set by the investigators were classified into two groups based on their dietary habits (vegetarian and non-vegetarian). Anthropometric data were measured/calculated, and Diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was recorded at rest and during hand grip test (HGT). Results were statistically analyzed using unpaired t-test. Results: The pertinent anthropometric data were comparable between the groups, and also the DBP was similar under resting conditions as well as during HGT. Conclusion: The type of diet adopted by an individual does not seem to influence the way the ANS functions, but this could be due to the fact that all the subjects in this study irrespective of their dietary preferences had a normal and similar body mass index.
ABSTRACT
Background: ABO blood group has been associated with various disease phenotypes, particularly cardiovascular disease. Abnormal autonomic response also plays a role in cardiac morbidity. Increasing attention is being focused on the role of autonomic nervous system in health and disease. The literature lacks data on the association of blood groups and cardiac autonomic function. The aim of the study was to find out the association between different blood groups and cardiovascular autonomic functions in young adults.Methods: 150 healthy young students of MMU aged 18-25 years, divided into four groups based on ABO blood grouping, determined by agglutination test (group A, group B, group O and group AB). Various autonomic function tests done were lying to standing test, Valsalva maneuver, Hand grip test (HGT) and Cold pressor test (CPT).Results: The mean baseline heart rate was significantly higher in group O as compared to group A. No parasympathetic alteration between different ABO blood groups was seen. Blood pressure response to HGT and CPT was not statistically significant between different blood groups.Conclusions: Present study revealed no alteration in cardiac autonomic function with regards to ABO blood grouping in young adults.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Autonomic nervous system (ANS) is involvedin energy metabolism and regulation of the cardiovascularsystem. Autonomic dysfunction has been suggested tooccur in obese individuals in both adults and children but acomprehensive study of the autonomic status in young adultsis scant. So aim of the study was to evaluate and comparecardiovascular autonomic functions in young adults on thebasis of BMI.Material and methods: 150 healthy young students of MMUaged 18–25 years, divided into four groups based on BMI asper Asian criteria (underweight, normal weight, overweightand obese). Various autonomic function tests done were Lyingto Standing test, Valsalva manoeuvre, Hand grip test (HGT)and Cold pressor test (CPT).Results: The mean baseline SBP and DBP were significantlyhigher in obese subjects followed by overweight, normalweight and under weight. No parasympathetic alterationbetween different BMI groups was seen. Mean values ofresting SBP and DBP were significantly higher and bloodpressure response to HGT and CPT was significantly lower inobese as compared to normal weight subjects.Conclusion: Our study revealed an altered autonomicfunction in the form of impaired sympathetic activity withno parasympathetic modulation in obese young adults. Soweight reduction and moderate intensity aerobic exerciseprogrammes should be incorporated into daily living, whichmay delay or prevent the onset of hypertension.
ABSTRACT
Background: Association of increased cardiovascular morbidity and higher sympathetic activity in patients with Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been well recognized. Objective: To assess sympathetic nerve function status in Rheumatoid arthritis patients and its relationship to duration of the disease. Methods: This study was carried out in the dept of Physiology Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka during 2010.Sixty female RA patients aged 18-50 years with duration of disease from 1 to 10 years was selected from Rheumatology wing of Medicine OPD of BSMMU. Age and BMI matched female apparently healthy subjects were control. Sympathetic nerve function status was assessed by blood pressure response to orthostatic test and sustained hand grip isometric exercise test. In these two tests, fall in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and rise in diastolic blood pressure (DBP) respectively estimates sympathetic reactivity. For statistical analysis, unpaired students t test and pearsons correlation coefficient test was applied. Results: Mean values of fall of SBP was higher and rise of DBP was lower in RA patients compared to control which was statistically (P<0.001) significant. Again rise of DBP was negatively and fall of SBP was positively correlated with duration of the disease and the relationships were statistically highly significant (p<0.01). Conclusion: The results conclude that sympathetic reflex response was reduced in RA which was deteriorated with duration of disease.
ABSTRACT
Background: Diabetes is an iceberg disease with many complications like cardiovascular disease & diabetic neuropathy. Diabetic autonomic neuropathy is least recognized & most frequent complication. Cardiac autonomic neuropathy is associated with fatal outcome like silent myocardial ischemia & intra-operative liability. With this background we have evaluated the cardiac autonomic neuropathy in diabetic patients using resting blood pressure measurement & isometric hand grip test. Aim:Aim of the study is to analyze the role of handgrip test of & resting blood pressure in diagnosing Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy. Materials And Methods: A Present cross sectional study was carried out in 50 diabetic patients & 50 controls(age and sex matched) at Sir T. Hospital Bhavnagar. Each subject was evaluated for cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy by isometric hand grip test & resting blood pressure.Diabetic patients were divided in 3 groups according to duration of disease(groupI-< 5 year, II-6 to 10 year, III- > 10 year) to evaluate the impact of duration of disease on autonomic nervous system.We have used student’s T test for comparisons of result between 2 groups. Result:The mean value of resting systolic blood pressure(RSBP) & resting diastolic blood pressure (RDBP)is comparatively higher in diabetic patients compared to controls &the mean value of BP is increasing with duration of diabetes. Isometric hand grip test failure rate was higher in diabetic group than controls. Conclusion: outcome of the study indicates that cardiac autonomic neuropathy is seen in diabetic patients which progresses with duration. Implication of study: isometric hand grip test & resting BP measurement is effective diagnostic tool for cardiac autonomic neuropathy & it also show association with duration of disease.