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Background:The bio-medical waste products create particularly serious problems for the municipalities and its safe disposal is becoming a serious environmental problem. The concern regarding medical wastes is mainly due to the presence of pathogenic organisms and organic substances in hospital solid wastes in significantly higher concentrations. About one fourth of biomedical waste is considered as hazardous and may affect the health of both medical personnel and general community. Aim and objectives of the research was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice about the biomedical waste management among the staff (medical and paramedical) of a tertiary care medical institute. Methods:The design of the study was observational, descriptive and cross-sectional. It was conducted in a 500 bedded private sector tertiary care medical institute in Lucknow. The study unit consisted of medical and paramedical staff (doctors, staff nurses, and ward boys) and sample size was 241 who consented to be a part of the study. All the study units who had been in the job for atleast 6 months in IIMSR who consented for the study were included; purposive convenience sampling was implemented and study period was from January 2018 to March 2018.Results:Majority across all the types of study participants were males, married, residing in urban areas and having not undergone any formal training. Our study found that though all the study participants in various groups were having the relevant level of knowledge but attitude and practices were variable.Conclusions:This study showed that knowledge may be higher but attitude and practices are variable and are not related to educational level.
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Biomedical waste management is an integral part of traditional and contemporary system of health care.The paper focuses on the identification and classification of biomedical wastes in Ayurvedic hospitals,current practices of its management in Ayurveda hospitals and its future prospective. Databases likePubMed (1975e2017 Feb), Scopus (1960e2017), AYUSH Portal, DOAJ, DHARA and Google scholar weresearched. We used the medical subject headings ‘biomedical waste’ and ‘health care waste’ for identification and classification. The terms ‘biomedical waste management’, ‘health care waste management’alone and combined with ‘Ayurveda’ or ‘Ayurvedic’ for current practices and recent advances in thetreatment of these wastes were used. We made a humble attempt to categorize the biomedical wastesfrom Ayurvedic hospitals as the available data about its grouping is very scarce. Proper biomedical wastemanagement is the mainstay of hospital cleanliness, hospital hygiene and maintenance activities. Currentdisposal techniques adopted for Ayurveda biomedical wastes are e sewage/drains, incineration and landfill. But these methods are having some merits as well as demerits. Our review has identified a number ofinteresting areas for future research such as the logical application of bioremediation techniques inbiomedical waste management and the usage of effective micro-organisms and solar energy in wastedisposal.© 2017 Transdisciplinary University, Bangalore and World Ayurveda Foundation. Publishing Services byElsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
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ABSTRACT Objective: to describe the knowledge of nurses on Health-Care Waste Management (HCW) in Family Health Units (FHU) of São Carlos city, São Paulo State. Method: exploratory, descriptive and quantitative approach. The research was carried out with nurses of 16 FHU of the municipality of São Carlos-SP. Data were collected through an interview using a tool validated and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: it is noteworthy that 68.7% (11) of the nurses did not know how to describe how chemical waste was sorted. In addition, regarding the treatment of HCW, 50.0% (8) of the nurses did not know if the general waste were subjected to some type of treatment. Conclusion: the HCW management can be considered a challenge in the nurses' agenda inserted in the Primary Care services, which refers to the need to implement periodic training on the management of this waste.
RESUMEN Objetivo: describir el conocimiento de los enfermeros sobre la gestión de los Residuos de Servicios de Salud (RSS) en Unidades de Salud de la Familia (USF) de São Carlos, Estado de São Paulo. Método: estudio exploratorio, descriptivo y de abordaje cuantitativo. La investigación fue realizada con los enfermeros de 16 USF del municipio de São Carlos-SP. Los datos se recogieron mediante entrevista, utilizando un instrumento validado y que fueron analizados usando la estadística descriptiva. Resultados: se destaca que 68,7% (11) de los enfermeros no supieron describir cómo los residuos químicos eran segregados. Además, en cuanto al tratamiento de RSS, 50,0% (8) de los enfermeros no supieron informar si los residuos comunes eran sometidos a algún tipo de tratamiento. Conclusión: la gestión de los RSS puede ser considerada un desafío en la agenda de los enfermeros insertados en los servicios de Atención Básica, lo que remite a la necesidad de la implementación de capacitación periódica sobre el manejo de esos residuos.
RESUMO Objetivo: descrever o conhecimento dos enfermeiros sobre o gerenciamento dos Resíduos de Serviços de Saúde (RSS) em Unidades de Saúde da Família (USF) de São Carlos, Estado de São Paulo. Método: estudo exploratório, descritivo e de abordagem quantitativa. A pesquisa foi realizada com os enfermeiros de 16 USF do município de São Carlos-SP. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista, utilizando um instrumento validado e foram analisados por meio da estatística descritiva. Resultados: destaca-se que 68,7% (11) dos enfermeiros não souberam descrever como os resíduos químicos eram segregados. Além disso, quanto ao tratamento de RSS, 50,0% (8) dos enfermeiros não souberam informar se os resíduos comuns eram submetidos a algum tipo de tratamento. Conclusão: o gerenciamento dos RSS pode ser considerado um desafio na agenda dos enfermeiros inseridos nos serviços da Atenção Básica, o que remete à necessidade da implementação de capacitação periódica sobre o manejo desses resíduos.
Subject(s)
Humans , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Medical Waste Disposal/methods , Medical Waste Disposal/standards , Nurses/standards , Brazil , Clinical Competence/standards , Primary Care Nursing/standards , Nurses/statistics & numerical dataABSTRACT
Objective: This study has aimed to analyze the waste management from health care services and the nursing professionals' background about the current legislation. Methods: It is a descriptive-exploratory research with a quantitative approach, which has been developed in three Basic Health Units from Pelotas city, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The participating nursing professionals were from the Family Health Strategy. It has been applied a structured questionnaire in order to identify the management of Health Solid Waste and the units' structure, from October to November 2014. Descriptive analyzes have been done. Results: Regarding the 19 professionals, 57.8% reported not knowing the legislation about waste management; 89.5% reported carrying out the segregation of these materials, but 73.7% said they did not know the classification of these residues and 36.8% were unaware of specific care toward it. The units did not have a waste management formal plan. Conclusion: Overall, the units have significant weaknesses in the management process, both in the physical structure as well as in the professionals' knowledge
Objetivo: Analisar a gestão dos resíduos de serviços de saúde e, o conhecimento dos profissionais de enfermagem acerca da legislação vigente. Método: pesquisa quantitativa, de caráter descritivo-exploratório, desenvolvida em três Unidades Básicas de Saúde de área urbana, de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul. Participaram profissionais da equipe de enfermagem de Estratégia de Saúde da Família. Foi aplicado questionário para identificar a gestão de Resíduos Sólidos de Saúde e estrutura das unidades, entre outubro a novembro de 2014. Foram realizadas análises descritivas. Resultados: dos 19 profissionais, 57,8% relataram não conhecer a legislação sobre Resíduos Sólidos de Saúde; 89,5% realizar a segregação desses materiais, porém 73,7% afirmaram não conhecer sua classificação e 36,8% desconheciam os cuidados específicos para cada tipo de resíduo. Observou-se ausência de plano de gestão. Conclusão: as unidades apresentam importantes fragilidades no processo de gerenciamento dos Resíduos Sólidos de Saúde
Objetivo: Analizar la gerencia de los residuos de salud y el conocimiento de los profesionales de enfermería sobre la legislación vigente. Método: investigación cuantitativa, de carácter descriptivo-exploratorio, desarrollada en tres Unidades Básicas de Salud del área urbana, de Pelotas, Rio Grande del Sur. Participaron profesionales del staff de enfermería de Estrategia de Salud de la Familia. Fue aplicado cuestionario para identificar la gerencia de Residuos Sólidos de Salud y estructura de las unidades, entre octubre y noviembre de 2014. Fueron realizados análisis descriptivos. Resultados: de los 19 profesionales, 57,8% relataron no conocer la legislación sobre Residuos Sólidos de Salud; 89,5% realizar la segregación de los materiales, pero 73,7% afirmaron no conocer su clasificación y 36,8% desconocían los cuidados específicos para cada tipo de residuo. Conclusión: las unidades presentan importante fragilidad en el proceso de gestión de los Residuos Sólidos de Salud
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Medical Waste , Medical Waste Disposal , Waste Management/methods , Waste Management/standards , Health Centers , Health Services Research/statistics & numerical data , Nursing, TeamABSTRACT
Objetivo investigar os fatores associados ao manejo adequado de Resíduos de Serviços de Saúde (RSS) entre profissionais da Equipe de Enfermagem. Método estudo analítico transversal com 461 profissionais, em hospital público estadual em São Luís. Maranhão, Brasil, entre junho 2014 e janeiro 2016. Resultados 40,13% tinham de 30 a 39 anos, 92,84% eram mulheres, 63,99% tinham <12 anos de estudo, 50,3% com 1-5 anos de tempo de serviço, 63,99% realizavam o manejo dos RSS de maneira adequada, 27,99% faziam uso de todos os Equipamentos de Proteção Individual durante a segregação dos resíduos. Verificou-se associação do manejo não adequado de RSS com a idade de 30 a 39 anos (p=0,010), a categoria técnico de enfermagem (p=0,013) e definição inadequada dos RSS (p<0,001). Conclusão os profissionais com idade de 30-39 anos, técnicos de enfermagem e aqueles que não souberam definir o que são os RSS apresentaram-se associados a um manejo não adequado dos RSS.
Objetivo investigar los factores asociados al manejo adecuado de Residuos de Servicios de Salud (RSS) entre profesionales del Equipo de Enfermería. Método estudio analítico transversal, con 461 profesionales, en hospital público estatal, en São Luís, Maranhão, Brasil, entre junio/2014 y enero/2016. Resultados 40,13% tenían de 30 a 39 años, 92,84% mujeres, 63,8% tenían <12 años de estudio, 50,3% con 1-5 años de tiempo de servicio, 63,99% realizaban el manejo de los RSS de manera adecuada, 27,99% hacían uso de todos los EPI durante la segregación de los residuos. Hubo asociación del manejo no adecuado de RSS con edad de 30 a 39 años (p=0,010), la categoría técnico de enfermería (p=0,013) y definición inadecuada de los RSS (p<0,001). Conclusión los profesionales con edad de 30-39 años, técnicos de enfermería y aquellos que no supieron definir lo que son los RSS se presentaron asociados a un manejo no adecuado de estos.
Objective investigate the factors associated with appropriate Health-Care Waste (HCW) management among Nursing professionals. Method cross-sectional, analytic study involving 461 professionals at a public, state-owned hospital in São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil, between June 2014 and January 2016. Results 40.13% were between 30 and 39 years, 92.84% were women, 63.99% had <12 years of education, 50,3% possessed 1-5 years of experience on the job, 63.99% performed the HCW management appropriately, 27.99% used all PPE during the waste segregation. Improper HCW management was associated with ages between 30 and 39 years (p=0.010), the category nursing technician (p=0.013) and the inappropriate definition of HCW (p<0.001). Conclusion professionals between 30 and 39 years of age, nursing technicians and professionals unable to define HCW were associated with inappropriate HCW management.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Waste Management , Medical Waste , Nursing, Team , Education , Licensed Practical Nurses , Personal Protective Equipment , Health Facilities , Hospitals, Public , Nurse PractitionersABSTRACT
RESUMO A gestão de resíduos dos serviços de saúde (RSS) constitui um grande desafio para o poder público, pois, apesar do avanço nos aspectos legislativos, ainda há grandes deficiências, especialmente relacionadas aos resíduos de medicamentos descartados inadequadamente. Este estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar o processo de descarte de drogas e resíduos dos serviços de saúde humana e veterinária em uma cidade de médio porte da Região Serrana de Santa Catarina. Foram realizadas visitas às unidades participantes, selecionadas por critérios de conveniência, contemplando unidades de saúde municipais, pet shops , clínicas veterinárias, hospital de atendimento humano, hospital de atendimento veterinário e empresas coletoras, totalizando 15 unidades participantes. A coleta de dados ocorreu de março a maio de 2014, com aplicação de questionários e roteiro de observação de campo. Os resultados evidenciaram deficiências no gerenciamento dos resíduos de medicamentos, assim como dos demais resíduos, nas etapas de segregação e armazenamento em instituições de atendimento humano e veterinário, com poucas exceções. As maiores dificuldades foram observadas nos estabelecimentos de atendimento veterinário, especialmente quanto à segregação e ao armazenamento dos resíduos contaminados, à falta de cuidado com material perfurocortante e às normas de biossegurança. A inexistência do Plano de Gerenciamento de Resíduos de Serviços de Saúde nas unidades de saúde e no hospital veterinário, assim como a falta de capacitações aos profissionais, a dissimilaridade no descarte de medicamentos entre os estabelecimentos e a falta de fiscalização por parte dos órgãos competentes foram os principais responsáveis pelo atual cenário de descarte inadequado dos resíduos na região.
ABSTRACT The management of health services waste is a major challenge for the government, because, despite progress in the legal aspects, it still presents serious problems, especially regarding the incorrect disposal of pharmaceutical waste. This study aimed at characterizing the process of pharmaceutical disposal and other types of waste from human health and veterinary services in a medium-sized city in the upland region of Santa Catarina, Brazil. Visits were made to the participating health units, selected by convenience criteria, covering municipal health centers, pet shops, veterinary clinics, human care hospital, animal care hospital and waste collection service companies, totaling 15 units. Data collection took place from March to May 2014, with questionnaires and field observation script. The results revealed deficiencies in the management of pharmaceuticals waste, as well as in the management of health services waste, in segregation and storage stages, both in human as animal care institutions, with few exceptions. The greatest difficulties were observed in the animal care facilities, especially regarding the segregation and storage of contaminated waste, lack of care with sharps and a non-accordance with the biosafety standards. The absence of a Management Plan of Health Services Waste in health facilities and in the veterinary hospital, as well as the lack of training for professionals, dissimilarity in relation to the disposal of medicines, and lack of supervision by competent organs were the main causes for the current scenario of improper waste disposal in the region.
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INTRODUCCIÓN: la gestión de los residuos de establecimientos de atención de la salud plantea variados problemas técnicos y es influida por las circunstancias culturales, sociales yeconómicas. En Argentina, la operación está inmersa en un complejo escenario legal donde coexisten 18 marcos legislativos diferentes para residuos biopatogénicos. OBJETIVOS: Proveer las herramientas para la construcción colectiva y federal de presupuestos mínimos en la materia. MÉTODOS: Se realizó una revisión comparativa de las leyes provinciales y sus decretos reglamentarios, cotejándolas con la ley nacional para cada aspecto y siguiendo las sucesivas etapas de la gestión interna de los residuos generados en establecimientos de atención de la salud. RESULTADOS: Se relevaron 67 normas: 5 nacionales, 40 leyes provinciales y 22 decretos provinciales. En la mayoría de los ítems comparados se observó una gran diversidad de criterios y diferente nivel de profundización. CONCLUSIONES: Argentina necesita poner en agenda la actualización de las normativas de residuos de establecimientos de atención de la salud con un enfoque inclusivo de la salud ambiental y laboral, para construir presupuestos mínimos en la temática de manera colectiva y federal.
INTRODUCTION: health care waste management poses various technical problems and is influenced by cultural,social and economic contexts. In Argentina, this takes place in a complex legal scenario with the coexistence of 18 different legalframeworks for bio-pathogenic waste. OBJECTIVES: To provide the tools for the collective federal construction of mínimum agreements in this field. METHODS: A comparative review wasperformed on provincial laws and their regulatory decrees. It involved a comparison with the national law for every aspect, following the successive stages of internal health care wastemanagement. RESULTS: The review included 67 legal dispositions: 5 at national level, 40 provincial laws and 22 provincial decrees. Most of the items showed a great diversity of criteria and different depth level. CONCLUSIONS: Argentina needs toupdate the regulations on health care waste management with an inclusive approach to environmental and occupational health, in order to develop the collective federal construction of minimum agreements.
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Humans , Hazardous Waste , Medical WasteABSTRACT
Introduction: The chances of health care waste (Biomedical waste) coming in contact with the health care workers, patients, visitors, sanitary workers, waste handlers, public, rag pickers and animals during transportation are high. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted over a period of seven months (April 2013–October 2013) in a 500‑bedded hospital where the average quantum of biomedical waste is 0.8 kg/bed/day. The issues related to transportation of health care waste from 39 generation sites to the health care waste storage site inside the hospital (intramural transfer) were addressed and analysed in a predesigned proforma. Results: The biomedical waste management team inspected the generation sites in the hospital on a daily basis and conformance to the procedures was checked. It was found that waste was collected at scheduled timings in 99.6% occasions; however, compliance to wearing personal protective equipment (PPE) was poor and ranged from 1.22−1.84%. Conclusion: Transportation of health care waste is a crucial step in its management. Regular training program for all the sections of health care workers with special emphasis on waste handlers is needed.
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Os Resíduos de Serviços de Saúde (RSS) representam um desafio para os prestadores de serviços de saúde humana e animal, em função do risco que representam, e necessitam de tratamento diferenciado se comparado aos resíduos sólidos urbanos. Com uma larga gama de produtos e serviços, os laboratórios analíticos são locais que geram RSS de amplo espectro quanto à natureza e grau de risco. O objetivo principal deste documento é apresentar uma sistemática para introduzir o monitoramento do gerenciamento de RSS para laboratórios de saúde pública, tendo como modelo o Instituto Nacional de Controle de Qualidade em Saúde (INCQS/Fiocruz). Foram definidas etapas para concepção de um modelo de avaliação e monitoramento, para reduzir a geração dos RSS, para minimizar os impactos ambientais e auxiliar os administradores na gestão dos recursos financeiros. A sistemática proposta contribui para uma análise crítica do gerenciamento dos RSS e fornece dados consistentes para auxiliar na tomada de decisões. Constatou-se que as dificuldades de execução do plano de gerenciamento dos RSS, que geram situações de grave risco sanitário e ambiental, podem ser dirimidas com correto monitoramento de suas etapas.
The health-care wastes (HCW) represents a challenge for the animal and human health service providers, in function of the risk and the needing for a differentiated handling when compared to the urban solid residues. In function of the broad range of products and services, the analytic laboratories generate a spectrum concerning the risk nature and rank. The main objective of this document is to provide basic coming for monitoring through the performance indicators. Steps here defined for designing a monitored model to reduce the generation of waste, to minimize environmental impacts, to reduce accidents and to assist the administrators in managing the financial resources. This research could contribute to a critical analysis of the HCW, providing consistent data, which are important for decision making at tactical and operational levels.
Subject(s)
Waste Management , Laboratory Wastes , Medical WasteABSTRACT
O gerenciamento impróprio dos resíduos de serviços de saúde (RSS) expõe significantes riscos a pacientes, aos trabalhadores da saúde, à comunidade e ao meio ambiente. Um dos fatores que têm contribuído para aumentar a tendência da adoção do modelo diferenciado de gerenciamento de RSS em diversos países é que eles muitas vezes têm como destino final o mesmo local utilizado para descarte dos demais resíduos urbanos. Com o objetivo de avaliar os procedimentos do gerenciamento dos RSS em relação ao prescrito nas normas e nos regulamentos em municípios da região metropolitana de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, foram realizadas visitas a campo para observar e descrever formas de gerenciamento dos RSS (desde a coleta até a destinação final) utilizadas, visando ao conhecimento da realidade. Como resultado, evidenciaram-se falhas nos abrigos externos, nos procedimentos de coleta, no uso de equipamentos de proteção individual, no acondicionamento dos RSS e no seu transporte.
The inadequate management of health wastes units may expose patients, workers, community and environment to relevant risks. One of the main factors that contributes to a marked trend in adopting alternative management strategies is that the same destination is frequently used for regular urban wastes disposal. Field researches have been carried out in the metropolitan region of Belo Horizonte in order to evaluate the corresponding procedures for the management of solid wastes from health services. Special attention was dedicated to the level of compliance with legal standards. This survey identified several misprocedures, mainly in respect to the use of individual protection equipments, inappropriate transport of the wastes and existence of irregular disposal sites.
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Background: Management of health-care waste is an essential task, which has important consequences for public health and the well-being of society. Economic evaluation is important for strategic planning and investment programming for health-care waste management (HWM). A cost–benefit analysis of an alternative method of HWM in Bir hospital, Nepal was carried out using data recently collected from primary sources. Methods: Data were collected using mixed quantitative and qualitative methods. Costs and benefits were measured in Nepalese rupees. The values of all inputs were costs associated with the alternative HWM. Benefits were defined as the reduction in cost of transportation; money obtained from selling of recycled waste; and risk reduction, among others. Break-even analysis and calculations of benefit– cost ratio were used to assess the alternative HWM. Results: The alternative HWM reduces the cost of waste disposal by almost 33% per month, owing to reduction in the amount of waste for disposal. The hospital earns 3 Nepalese rupees per bed per day. The results suggest that a break-even point for costs and benefits occurs when 40% of the total beds of the hospital are covered by the alternative HWM, if the bed occupancy rate is at least 68%. If the alternative HWM is introduced in the hospital system, hospitals can reach the break-even point at 40 to 152 beds, depending on their performance in HWM. Conclusions: The results show the economic feasibility and financial sustainability of the alternative HWM. This alternative method of HWM is a successful candidate for replication in all public and private hospitals in Nepal.
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Nesta pesquisa, quantificam-se e classificam-se, conforme a Resolução RDC ANVISA nº 306/2004, os Resíduos de Serviço de Saúde do Grupo A, gerados em seis hospitais de Vitória (ES), Brasil. Os resíduos acondicionados sem segregação foram separados por grupos e subgrupos, resultando em: 57% do Grupo D - comum; 41% do Grupo A - risco biológico; 1,5% do Grupo B - risco químico e 0,05% do Grupo E - perfuro-cortantes. O peso específico aparente foi de 106,2 kg.m-3 e a taxa média de geração de resíduos foi 2,68 kg.(leito.ocupado.dia)-1. Ao se segregar os resíduos do Grupo D, a taxa de geração do Grupo A passou a ser 1,15 kg.(leito.ocupado.dia)-1, resultando em 58% de redução nos custos com incineração. Com a segregação dos Grupos B, D, E e do subgrupo A4, a taxa de geração passou a ser 0,18 kg.(leito.ocupado.dia)-1, com uma redução nos custos com incineração de 93%.
In this research the Health Care Waste of Group A (Resíduos de Serviço de Saúde - RSS), collected from six hospitals in Vitoria (ES), Brazil, was quantified and classified according with ANVISA's Resolution RDC nº 306/2004. The waste was packaged without segregation and afterwards separated by groups and subgroups, with the following results/percentages: 57% Group D - common; 41% Group A - biological risk; 1.5% Group B - chemical risk; and 0.05% Group E - sharps. The apparent bulk density was 106.2 kg/m3. The average production rate of this mixture was 2.68 kg per occupied bed daily. By separating the mixture of the RSS from group D, the average production rate of Group A changed to 1.15 kg per occupied bed daily, reducing incineration costs by 58%. By segregating Groups B, D, E and subgroup A4, the average production rate changed to 0.18 kg per occupied bed per day with a reduction of 93% in incineration costs.
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A pesquisa foi realizada no Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública de Minas Gerais com o objetivo de validar o processo de descontaminação de resíduos infectantes do subgrupo A1 e identificar possíveis falhas no procedimento preliminar à sua disposição final. Foram avaliados tanto a descontaminação dos resíduos totalmente descartáveis acondicionados em sacos plásticos termorresistentes quanto o processo de descontaminação dos resíduos reutilizáveis provenientes do Laboratório de Tuberculose, acondicionados em caixas metálicas. Enquanto os resultados obtidos no primeiro estudo indicaram uma deficiência considerável no tratamento dos resíduos, no segundo caso a eficácia foi comprovada. Medidas preventivas e corretivas foram propostas e adotadas como consequência deste trabalho, e são aqui descritas.
Laboratory studies were performed at the Central Laboratory of Public Health of Minas Gerais in order to validate the process of infectious waste decontamination (subgroup A1) from the public health service and identify possible flaws in the procedure preliminary to its final disposal. We evaluated both the decontamination of disposable waste packed in thermo-resistant plastic bags as well and the decontamination process of reusable waste from the Tuberculosis Laboratory packed in metallic boxes. The results of the first study indicated a significant deficiency in waste treatment, while in the second case efficacy was demonstrated. Preventive and corrective measures were proposed and adopted as a result of this work and are described herein.
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No presente trabalho foram caracterizados, qualitativa e quantitativamente,os resíduos de serviços de saúde (RSS) do Centro de Ensino em Saúde (CES) de uma instituição pública de ensino localizada em Campo Grande-MS. Foi investigado o gerenciamento dos resíduos de 25 laboratórios de ensino e pesquisa, que geram em média 155,9 kg de RSS por semana. Determinou-se para o CES as taxas de geração de resíduos iguais a 0,29 kg.pesquisa-1.dia-1 e 0,11 kg.aula-1.dia-1, respectivamente, para as atividades de pesquisa e ensino. Após a análise preliminar de riscos, verificou-se que a instituição apresenta riscos químicos e biológicos que se estendem para fora do limite de suas instalações, impactando direta ou indiretamente a sociedade e o ambiente. Muitos laboratórios se enquadraram na categoria de risco máximo, sendo os mais críticos os de Patologia, Histologia, Anatomia Humana e Anatomia Veterinária.
In the present study health care waste (HCW) management of 25 teaching and research laboratories of the Centro de Ensino em Saúde (CES) (Health Education Center) in a public university located in Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil was qualitative and quantitatively assessed. They generate an average of 155.9 kilograms of HCW per week, with generation rates of 0.29 kg.research-1.day-1 and 0.11 kg.class-1.day-1, for research and teaching activities respectively. A preliminary risk analysis showed that the chemical and biological risks present in the institution expand beyond the limits of its premises, impacting, directly or indirectly, the surrounding community and environment. Many of the laboratories fit into the highest risk category, the most critical ones being those of Pathology, Histology, Human Anatomy, and Veterinary Anatomy.
Subject(s)
Environment , Laboratories , Public Health , Risk , Medical Waste/analysis , TeachingABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Sharps waste is a special kind of health care waste that needs to undergo certain processes before its final disposal. These processes are guided by international policies, national laws and memoranda, the implementation of which is under the jurisdiction of certain agencies. OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to document the health care sector's adherence to proper waste management practices, especially for hazardous sharps waste. It specifically documented the adherence to government regulations of six tertiary hospitals in the Manila and Pasay City areas. The study was undertaken to identify if these six hospitals adhere to the guidelines set by the World Health Organization as adapted by the Department of Health (DOH) and Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR). The first specific objective is to document if these hospitals are complying with the documentary requirements of such regulations as required by law. The second specific objective is to document the presence of facilities and resources in the hospital that will ensure proper implementation of regulations regarding sharps waste disposal. METHODS: The study was conducted in six tertiary hospitals, three of which are government/public and three are private hospitals. An observation checklist was constructed to identify in a detailed manner if the said hospitals were adhering to the standards set by the government. This checklist was validated by photographs for documentation. Specific areas, people and equipment of interest were earmarked for observation. Nurses stations and the laboratory for example, were singled out due to the high volume of sharps waste produced and temporarily stored in these areas. Chart reviews were also done to check if permits and policies were in place to oversee proper hospital waste management. Results. The study showed that all six hospitals were not strictly adhering to all the prescribed requirements by the Department of Environment and Natural Resources and the Department of Health. CONCLUSION: Even with rules and policies in place, it has been documented that all of the study hospitals have not been adhering to documentary requirements. Furthermore, the facilities and resources needed for waste management in the hospital are not available. Recommendation: The responsible agencies should closely monitor the sharps waste management practices of hospitals to ensure safety and protect the health of health care workers, patients, their companions and visitors.