Representação social da saúde para os umbandistas e o cuidado transcultural de Madeleine / Leininger Social representation of health for Umbandists and the transcultural care of Madeleine / Leininger Representación social de la salud para los umbandistas y el cuidado transcultural de Madeleine Leininger

Objetivo: analisar a estrutura da representação social da saúde para umbandistas com vistas à abordagem do cuidado transcultural. Método: estudo qualitativo descritivo-exploratório, fundamentado na abordagem estrutural da Teoria das Representações Sociais e Teoria Transcultural de Madeleine Leininger. Os participantes foram captados pela técnica Snowball, que responderam a um questionário online, contendo caracterização sociodemográfica; escala DUREL; e instrumento de evocações livres. Os dados foram analisados por estatística descritiva e as evocações pela análise prototípica e de similitude. Resultados: participaram 110 invíduos, predominando mulheres (70%), entre 29 e 39 anos, e com alta religiosidade. A análise prototípica evidenciou vida, bem-estar e ter-fé como provavelmente centrais e hospital e médico como elementos de contraste. A análise de similitude demonstrou além dos elementos previamente e provavelmente centrais, cuidado e corpo com comportamento de centralidade. Considerações finais: concepções multidimensionais de bem-estar e qualidade de vida marcam esta representação, embasada pela alta religiosidade e o cuidado transcultural e integral em saúde.

Objective: to analyze the structure of the social representation of health for Umbanda fans with a view to approaching transcultural care. Method: qualitative descriptive-exploratory study, based on the structural approach of the Theory of Social Representations and Transcultural Theory by Madeleine Leininger. Participants were captured using the Snowball technique, who responded to an online questionnaire containing sociodemographic characteristics; DUREL scale; and instrument of free evocations. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the evocations using prototypical and similarity analysis. Results: 110 individuals participated, predominantly women (70%), between 29 and 39 years old, and with high religiosity. The prototypical analysis highlighted life, well-being and having faith as probably central and hospital and doctor as contrasting elements. The similarity analysis demonstrated, in addition to the previously and probably central elements, care and the body with centrality behavior. Final considerations: multidimensional conceptions of well-being and quality of life mark this representation, based on high religiosity and transcultural and comprehensive health care.

Objetivo: analizar la estructura de la representación social de la salud para umbandistas con miras al enfoque de la atención transcultural. Método: estudio descriptivo-exploratorio cualitativo, basado en el enfoque estructural de la Teoría de las Representaciones Sociales y la Teoría Transcultural de Madeleine Leininger. Mediante la técnica de muestreo Snowball se capturó a los participantes, quienes respondieron a un cuestionario en línea que contenía caracterización sociodemográfica; escala DUREL; e instrumento de evocaciones libres. Se analizaron los datos mediante estadística descriptiva y las evocaciones por medio de análisis prototípico y de similitud. Resultados: Participaron 110 personas, predominantemente mujeres (70%), entre 29 y 39 años y con alta religiosidad. El análisis prototípico destacó 'la vida, el bienestar y el tener fe' como probablemente centrales y 'el hospital y el médico' como elementos contrastantes. El análisis de similitud demostró, además de los elementos anteriores y probablemente centrales, 'el cuidado y el cuerpo' con comportamiento de centralidad. Consideraciones finales: concepciones multidimensionales de bienestar y calidad de vida enmarcan esta representación, basada en una alta religiosidad y una atención de salud transcultural e integral.

A Research Review of the Red Doctors’ Spirit / 中国医学伦理学

At present, the research on the red doctors’ spirit mainly focuses on the historical research, the connotation research, the significance research and the inheritance path research of the red doctors’ spirit. From the current research status, it can be found that the core connotation of the red doctors’ spirit needs to be further refined, the research depth needs to be further deepened, the research breadth needs to be further expanded, and the attention to the real society needs to be further enhanced.

O imaginário materno sobre os partos cesáreo e vaginal / The maternal imagery on cesarean and vaginal deliveries / El imaginario materno sobre los partos cesáreo y vaginal

Este artigo objetivou compreender o imaginário materno sobre os partos cesáreo e vaginal. Para isso, utilizou-se de revisão da literatura e entrevista semi-estruturada com quatro gestantes participantes do Grupo de Gestantes de uma maternidade pública de Goiânia. Os dados foram tratados pela análise de conteúdo e mostraram uma visão mais positiva sobre a via vaginal em contraposição ao cirúrgico, que se relacionou à intercorrência. Além disso, o imaginário das participantes se mostrou em grande parte permeado por sentimentos e ideias negativas como medo, ansiedade e preocupação sobre ambos os partos. As principais informações que baseiam as concepções das gestantes partem das experiências passadas por outras mulheres e não dos conhecimentos médicos, de modo que são constituídas principalmente por histórias de violência, dor e desrespeito. Conclui-se que o imaginário materno, formado a partir do contexto atual de saúde, compreende o parto como um evento temido, que se desejaria evitar. Percebe-se que a assistência em saúde prestada hoje ainda é insuficiente por não orientar corretamente a mulher e dificultar que ela domine a cena do parto, o que a deixa à margem da humanização. Ademais, o cuidado terapêutico voltado à mulher não se pauta na opinião e nos sentimentos da paciente para embasar sua atuação, o que de certa forma contribui para manutenção do imaginário negativo sobre parto e demanda maior empenho em relação às práticas e à educação permanente.(AU)

This article sought to understand the maternal imaginary on cesarean and vaginal deliveries. Data were collected by means of a literature review and semi-structured interviews conducted with four pregnant women, participants of the Group of Pregnant Women in a public maternity hospital in Goiânia, and treated by content analysis. The results indicate that mothers tend to have a more positive view of the vaginal route, associating surgical deliveries to pregnancy complications. Being mostly informed by the experiences of other women rather than by medical knowledge, and thus influenced by stories of violence, pain, and disrespect, the imagery of participants proved to be largely permeated by negative feelings and ideas about both types of birth, such as fear, anxiety, and concern. Thus, in the current health context, the maternal imaginary understands childbirth as a feared event, which one would want to avoid. This finding highlights the inappropriate healthcare provided to pregnant women, failing in properly guiding and preventing them from controlling the delivery scene, being left on the margins of humanization. This is because the therapeutic care aimed at women is not based on the patient's opinion and feelings, thus contributing to the maintenance of this negative imagery about childbirth and demanding greater commitment in relation to practices and permanent education.(AU)

Este artículo tuvo como objetivo comprender el imaginario materno sobre cesáreas y partos vaginales. Para eso, se hace una revisión de la literatura y una entrevista semiestructurada con cuatro mujeres embarazadas, participantes del Grupo de Mujeres Embarazadas en un hospital público de maternidad en Goiânia (Brasil). En los datos obtenidos se aplicaron análisis de contenido en que se reveló una visión más positiva de la ruta vaginal en comparación con la quirúrgica relacionada con la complicación. Además, en el imaginario de las participantes figuran sentimientos e ideas negativas como el miedo, la ansiedad y la preocupación por ambos tipos de parto. La información principal que respalda las concepciones de las mujeres embarazadas proviene de las experiencias transmitidas por otras mujeres, y no del conocimiento médico, que consiste principalmente en historias de violencia, dolor y falta de respeto. Se concluye que el imaginario materno, formado a partir del contexto de salud actual, entiende el parto como un evento temido, que hubieran querido evitar. Está claro que la atención médica brindada hoy en día aún es insuficiente porque no guía correctamente a las mujeres y les impide dominar la escena del parto, dejándolas al margen de la humanización. Se percibe que la atención terapéutica dirigida a las mujeres no se basa en su opinión y sentimiento para respaldar el desempeño, lo que de cierta manera contribuye al mantenimiento de esta imagen negativa sobre el parto y exige un mayor compromiso en relación con las prácticas y la educación permanente.(AU)

Analysis of knowledge acquisition behavior of traditional Chinese medicine based on internet / 中国中药杂志

The study aims at understanding the situation of Chinese residents' access to Chinese medicine health culture knowledge through the Internet and analyze its influencing factors. A multi-stage PPS sampling method was used to collect 90 720 people for questionnaire survey. The survey found thatthe probability of Chinese residents accessing Chinese medicine health culture knowledge through the Internet was 54.7%. The females(with the males as reference, OR=1.076, 95% CI 1.018-1.137) and central population(with the east as reference, OR=1.235, 95% CI 1.048-1.456), people with Chinese medicine health culture literacy(with the people who do not have Chinese medicine health culture literacy as reference, OR=2.363, 95% CI 1.976-2.827) had a higher probability of acquiring Chinese medicine health culture knowledge through the Internet. Referring to people who were illiterate or less literate,the OR values of people who went to elementary school, junior school, high school/vocational/technical school and junior college/university was 2.396(95% CI 2.062-2.784),4.481(95% CI 3.751-5.352), 6.687(95% CI 5.541-8.07),and 9.109(95% CI 7.385-11.235). The higher the age, the lower the probability of acquiring Chinese medicine health culture knowledge through the Internet. Taking civil servants as a reference, teachers, students, farmers, and workers had a low probability of acquiring Chinese medicine health culture knowledge through the Internet. The OR values was 0.736(95% CI 0.548-0.988),0.609(95% CI 0.449-0.826), 0.424(95% CI 0.325-0.554),and 0.707(95% CI 0.539-0.927). Regions, gender, age, education level, occupation, and possession of Chinese medicine health culture literacy are factors influencing whether residents obtain Chinese medicine health culture knowledge through the Internet.

Analysis of Chinese citizens' traditional Chinese medicine health culture literacy level and its influence factors in 2017 / 中国中药杂志

To analyze the TCM health culture level and influence factors of Chinese citizens in 2017. PPS sampling combined with random sampling was used to select the residents aged between 15-69 years old in 30 provinces as the respondents,and a questionnaire study was conducted to investigate their TCM health culture level. In 2017,there were 87 287 valid questionnaires for Chinese citizens' TCM health culture level,including 48. 25% male and 51. 75% female,with a sex ratio of 1 ∶ 1. 073. In 2017,the overall TCM health culture level was 13. 39%,specifically 18. 77% for the urban areas and 10. 51% for the rural areas. Compared with people who were illiterate or less literate,people with an educational background of elementary school,junior high school,high school/vocational/technical school and junior college/university had a higher TCM health culture level,and the OR values were 1. 584( 95% CI[1. 166,2. 152]),2. 827( 95%CI[1. 839,4. 345]),5. 651( 95%CI[3. 637,8. 781]),9. 785( 95%CI[6. 187,15. 477]) in order. With civil servants as the reference,medical workers had a higher TCM health culture level( OR = 1. 829,95%CI[1. 279,2. 616]),while farmers had the lowest TCM health culture level( OR = 0. 493,95% CI[0. 349,0. 697]). Compared with people with the annual household income per capita of 20 000 yuan and below,people with the annual household income per capita between 20 000-50 000,50 000-80 000,80 000 yuan or above had a higher TCM health culture level,and the OR values were 1. 176( 95% CI[0. 963,1. 437]),1. 458( 95%CI[1. 168,1. 820]) and 1. 930( 95%CI[1. 509,2. 469]). Based on the differences between urban and rural areas,the influence factors of citizens' TCM health culture level include education,occupation and income.

Arte, corpo, saúde e cultura num território de fazer junto / Art, body, health and culture in a territory of doing together

Resumo O desenvolvimento de pesquisas e metodologias na interface arte, corpo, saúde e cultura é uma experiência de multiplicidade, produção de corporeidade e cooperação com o território e implica o cultivo de práticas que proponham soluções inventivas para a população envolvida. A experiência aqui apresentada investe em estratégias de atenção e formação em Terapia Ocupacional, pautadas nos conceitos e práticas do corpo, das artes, da produção de subjetividade e da participação social; em diálogo com as políticas públicas de saúde e cultura, a partir da construção de redes, agenciamentos territoriais e circulação de estudantes e da população atendida pela cidade.(AU)

Abstract The development of studies and methodologies in the interface of arts, body, health and culture is an experience of multiplicity, production of corporeity and cooperation with the territory. It implies the promotion of practices that propose inventive solutions for the people involved. The experience presented here invests in strategies of attention and training in Occupational Therapy, based on the concepts and practices of the body, the arts, the production of subjectivity and social participation; in dialogue with public policies on health and culture, based on the construction of networks, territorial assemblages and transit of students and the population assisted throughout the city.(AU)

Território e diversidade: trajetórias da terapia ocupacional em experiências de arte e cultura / Territory and diversity: paths of Occupational Therapy in art and culture experiences

Neste artigo apresenta-se um panorama de ações territoriais marcado pelos movimentos sociais em torno da desinstitucionalização da loucura e da construção dos direitos das pessoas com deficiência, que configuram um novo campo de práticas de Terapia Ocupacional voltadas às complexas demandas das populações atendidas com o objetivo de ampliação da participação sociocultural. São ações e estratégias desenvolvidas pelos participantes do Laboratório de Estudos e Pesquisa Arte, Corpo e Terapia Ocupacional da Universidade de São Paulo, que estão articuladas às políticas públicas de saúde mental, humanização e cultura, instauradas no Brasil a partir dos anos 2000, desenvolvidas na cidade de São Paulo. Elas integram ensino, pesquisa e extensão, contribuem para a qualidade de serviços ofertados à comunidade e fortalecem as redes de atenção e participação social. Os principais métodos de acompanhamento e avaliação das intervenções estão relacionados à pesquisa qualitativa, à construção de uma reflexão intensiva que busca construir um conhecimento local em Terapia Ocupacional orientado por ações criativas e pela conjunção de referenciais clínicos, artísticos e culturais. Os projetos desenvolvidos ampliam o acesso da população atendida às experiências artísticas e culturais do território, contribuem para a construção de políticas da vida, dinamizando formas de participação, convivência e produção de subjetividade. Configuram-se, assim, tecnologias socioculturais consonantes à importância de fortalecer e sustentar novas propostas para populações expropriadas de suas redes de vida sustentadas pela significativa intervenção de terapeutas ocupacionais.

This article presents a view of territorial actions marked by social movements related to the de-institutionalization of insanity and the development of rights of physically-and mentally handicapped people, which configures a new field of occupational therapy practices oriented towards the complex demands of assisted population and targeted on increasing sociocultural participation. Those are actions and strategies, implemented by the participants of the Laboratory of Studies and Research Art, Body and Occupational Therapy of the University of São Paulo, which are articulated with the public policies of mental health, humanization and culture set up in in Brazil as of 2000. They involve teaching, research and extension; contribute to the quality of services offered to the community and strengthen the assistance and social participation networks. The main follow up and interventions assessment methods are related to qualitative research, development of an intensive reflection in that seek to build up local knowledge of occupational therapy guided by creative actions and by crossed clinical, artistic and cultural references. The projects implemented have broaden the access of the population assisted to artistic and cultural experiments in the territory, they have contributed to the construction of life policies enabling ways of participation, of living together and subjectivity producing. Thus, sociocultural technologies are configured in agreement with the importance of strengthening and supporting new proposals for populations expropriated from their life networks, supported by significant intervention of occupational therapists.

Componentes culturales que influyen en la salud bucal / Cultural components that influence oral health

El propósito de este trabajo es realizar una revisión bibliográfica acerca de los conocimientos, las actitudesy las prácticas en salud bucal (CAPSB), tres componentes culturales que influyen en la incidencia de afecciones de la cavidad oral. La cultura y sus componentes han pasado por tres fases en su conceptualización: la concreta, la abstracta y la simbólica; esta última es la que se encuentra vigente y sobre la cual otras áreas del conocimiento han trabajado, entre ellas, las ciencias de la salud. La cultura es aprendida, estandarizada y compartida. Los componentes culturales son transmitidos mediante los procesos de socialización (primaria y secundaria) que determinan la manera en la que la salud, y por lo tanto el proceso salud-enfermedad, son comprendidos por los individuos. Los conocimientos son resultado deprocesos sociales y cognitivos que están determinados por las características aceptadas y representativas del grupo social en el que se desarrollan, son la parte cognitiva de la cultura. La concepción que cada ser humano tenga acerca de la salud bucal determinará su actitud. La actitud representa una forma de ser, una posición, inclinación o tendencia, es la variable intermedia entre una situación y la manera encómo se responde a ella. Las prácticas ante el proceso salud-enfermedad son acciones observables en los individuos y están presentes en los niveles individual, familiar y comunitario e impactan en la saludgeneral de las poblaciones. Este trabajo es una aproximación al tema, haciendo un acercamiento al casode la población mexicana.

The aim of this work is to review the literature about the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) about oral health, the three cultural components influencing the incidence of diseases at the oral cavity. The concept of culture and its components has undergone three phases: the concrete phase, the abstract phase and the symbolic phase; the latter is the current one, and the one over which other areas of knowledge have worked, including the health sciences. Culture can be learned, standardized and sha-red. Cultural components are transmitted through the processes of socialization (primary and secondary socialization) and they help determine the way in which health, and therefore the health-disease pro-cess, is understood by individuals. Knowledge is the result of social and cognitive processes determined by the characteristics accepted by and representative of the social group where they develop; they are the cognitive part of culture. The notion that every human being has about oral health will determine his/her attitude towards it. Attitude shows a way of being, a position, an inclination or tendency, it is a variable between situations and how people respond to them. Practices to face the health-disease process are actions that can be observed in individuals. They are present at the individual, family and community levels, and they impact on the overall health of the population. This work is an approach to the theme, while we discuss the Mexican population case.

La cultura en salud bucal como problema actual de la sociedad / The culture in oral health as current problem of the society i:en

La promoción de salud constituye una de las acciones sanitarias más importante relacionada con la labor del estomatólogo general. Es un concepto más amplio que la prevención, ya que abarca las esferas biológica, ambiental, social y cultural, por citar algunas, donde la voluntad política del Estado desempeña una función fundamental, en aras de elevar cada día la calidad de vida de la población cubana en materia de salud bucal. Los resultados relacionados con la promoción son mediatos, de mayor impacto y generalmente requieren de una inversión en salud a largo plazo, a diferencia de los tratamientos médicos, cuyos resultados son más rápidos, pero menos duraderos y profundos. Tomando en consideración estos argumentos se llevó a cabo la presente investigación, con vistas a describir los nuevos enfoques sobre la promoción de salud y brindar una información más actualizada sobre el tema.

Health promotion constitutes one of the most important health tasks related to the work of the general stomatologist. It is a wider concept than prevention, since it comprises the biological, environmental, social and cultural fields, to mention some, where the political will of the State plays a fundamental role, for rising each day the life quality of the Cuban population regarding oral health. The results related to the promotion are mediate, of higher impact and they generally require an investment in health at long term, contrary to the medical treatments, results of which are faster, but less durable and deep. Taking in consideration these arguments, the present investigation was carried out, aimed at describing the new approaches on the health promotion and to offer a more updated information on the topic.

Saúde e antropologia: contribuições à interpretação da condição humana em ciências da saúde / Health and anthropology: contributions to the interpretation of the human condition in the health sciences / Salud y antropología: contribuciones a la interpretación de la condición humana en ciencias de la salud

A interpretação do processo saúde/doença tem sido marcada pelo positivismo e pelas ciências naturais. A medicina/saúde ocidental concentrou uma atenção quase exclusiva às dimensões biológicas das patologias, demarcando sucessos cognitivos e operacionais, a biologia representando a verdadeira prova de rigor e objetividade. A função moduladora em relação às defesas orgânicas era atuada pelas dinâmicas psíquicas, a dimensão da subjetividade como lugar da ativa intermediação, em cada indivíduo, entre as esferas relacional e biológica. O reconhecimento dos fatores comportamentais e socioculturais desenvolveu-se fora do campo médico-institucional, seguindo linhas de investigação das disciplinas psicológicas e antropológicas. O texto tenta esboçar que um efetivo delineamento científico dos estudos sobre o homem somente pode fundar-se em uma abordagem sistêmica, em que os níveis biológico e histórico-social, que organizam a condição humana e realizam sua relação com o contexto, precisam ser examinados e interpretados em suas relações de integração, em sua recíproca autonomia e especificidade.

The interpretation of the health/disease process has been marked by positivism and by the natural sciences. Western medicine/health has focused almost exclusively on the biological dimensions of pathologies, delimiting cognitive and operational successes, biology representing the true proof of rigor and objectivity. The modulating function in relation to the organic defenses used to be enacted by the psychic dimensions, the dimension of subjectivity being the place of the active intermediation, in each individual, between the relational and biological spheres. The recognition of the behavioral and sociocultural factors was developed outside the medical-institutional field, following lines of investigation of the psychological and anthropological disciplines. The text tries to outline that an effective scientific design of the studies about man can only be founded on a systemic approach, in which the biological and historical-social levels, which organize the human condition and realize its relation to the context, need to be examined and interpreted in their relations of integration, in their reciprocal autonomy and specificity.

La interpretación del proceso salud/enfermedad ha sido marcada por el positivismo y por las ciencias naturales. La medicina/salud occidental concentró atención casi exclusiva a las dimensiones biológicas de las patologías, demarcando sucesos cognitivos y operacionales, representando la biología una verdadera prueba de rigor y objetividad. La función moduladora en relación a las defensas orgánicas era actuada por las dinámicas psíquicas, la dimensión de la subjetividad como lugar de activa intermediación en cada individuo, entre las esferas relacional y biológica. El reconocimiento de los factores comportamentales y socio-culturales se ha desarrollado fuera del campo médico-institucional, siguiendo líneas de investigación de las disciplinas psicológicas y antropológicas. El texto intenta esbozar que un efectivo delineamiento científico de los estudios sobre el hombre sólo se puede apoyar en un enfoque sistémico en que los niveles biológicos e histórico-sociales que organizan la condición humana y realizan su relación con el contexto necesitan examinarse e interpretarse en sus relaciones de integración, en su recíproca autonomía y especificidad.

Cultura sanitaria sobre algunos aspectos relacionados con la diabetes mellitus / Health culture on some aspects related to diabetes mellitus

Se efectuó una intervención comunitaria en 50 pacientes del consultorio médico No. 18, perteneciente al Policlínico Docente Armando García Aspurú de Santiago de Cuba, desde septiembre del 2008 hasta marzo del 2009, a fin de modificar los conocimientos sobre algunos aspectos relacionados con la diabetes mellitus. Se utilizaron el porcentaje como medida de resumen y la prueba de McNemar para la valoración estadística de los resultados. El programa educativo aplicado fue muy eficaz, pues se logró incrementar el nivel de conocimientos al respecto, elevar la cultura sanitaria de los participantes en la actividad e incorporar nuevos temas de interés para los integrantes de la casuística.

A community intervention was performed in 50 patients of the doctor's office No. 18, belonging to Armando García Aspurú Teaching Polyclinic of Santiago de Cuba, from September 2008 to March 2009, in order to modify the knowledge of some aspects related to diabetes mellitus. Percentage as summary measure and the McNemar test were used for statistical evaluation of results. The implemented educational program was very effective as it was possible to increase the level of knowledge in this respect, raise health culture of participants in the activity, and introduce new topics of interest for patients of the case material.

Una aproximación teórica al análisis de la Cultura de la Salud / A theoretical approach to the analysis of Health Culture

El análisis de cualquier fenómeno social requiere, como condición básica, un tratamiento teórico. Teniendo en cuenta esta exigencia epistemológica, se realiza una aproximación al análisis de la Cultura de la Salud. En relación a este término existen diversos criterios que lo reducen a conductas y comportamientos individuales de los sujetos sociales. Por otra parte, los expertos opinan que en relación a este término no existe una clara comprensión por parte de los profesionales de la Salud, al asociarla en su gran mayoría sólo con los conocimientos acerca de hábitos nutricionales e higiénicos y a la realización de ejercicios físicos. Se precisa, entonces, realizar un acercamiento a su tratamiento conceptual para contribuir a su fundamentación.

As an essential premise, the analysis of social phenomena demands a theoretical treatment. Taking into account this epistemological requirement, we carry out an approach to the analysis of Health Culture. Regarding this term, there are diverse criteria that reduce it to the individual behaviors of social subjects. In addition, experts consider that health professionals fail to clearly understand this term because it is associated with both nutritional and hygienic habits, and exercises. Therefore, an approach to its concept is necessary to contribute to its foundation.

Experiencia pedagógica interdisciplinaria para la formación de recurso humano en salud, centrada en la promoción de la salud integral y prevención de la enfermedad / Interdisciplinary Pedagogical Experience for Health Human Resources Focused on the Holistic Promotion of Health and the Prevention of the Disease

El objetivo de esta experiencia es, brindar a los estudiantes en formación, la oportunidad de participar en la construcción de una estrategia pedagógica centrada en la lúdica, para la promoción de la salud integral y la prevención de la enfermedad con una comunidad educativa, encaminada a mantener y cualificar el bienestar tanto individual como colectivo. El proyecto está diseñado a cinco años, es de carácter interdisciplinario (Fonoaudiología, Medicina, Psicología, Terapia Ocupacional y cuenta con la participación de estudiantes de enfermería de la Universidad de Cundinamarca), interinstitucional (Universidad del Rosario y Universidad de San Buenaventura) e intersectorial (educación y salud). Considera los diferentes actores de la comunidad educativa, a la escuela y el hogar como escenarios propicios para el fortalecimiento de las potencialidades, además de ser los espacios fundamentales para la construcción de conocimientos y aprendizajes en torno a la salud integral. Para lograr el objetivo, se ha venido construyendo, desde el segundo semestre de 2003, una estrategia pedagógica centrada en la lúdica y la creatividad, a partir de la cual se planean, desarrollan y evalúan las acciones de promoción de habilidades, valores, comportamientos y actitudes en el cuidado de la salud y en la prevención de la enfermedad, orientadas a la detección temprana, oportuna y efectiva de factores de riesgo y problemáticas del desarrollo que afectan la salud integral. Dicha estrategia plantea un escenario llamado “Bienestarópolis: Un mundo saludable por conquistar”, centrado en personajes, espacios y elementos que alternan entre la fantasía y la realidad para facilitar el acercamiento, la interiorización y la apropiación de la salud integral. A través de esta, los niños, motivados por los adultos entran en un mundo imaginario en el que sus deseos, conocimientos y actitudes son el eje de su desarrollo. Como lo plantea Vigotsky (1995) en el juego el niño realiza acciones con el fin de adaptarse al mundo que lo rodea y desarrolla habilidades para el aprendizaje. Las acciones del proyecto han involucrado a 410 niños y 25 profesores, de los grados cero, primero y segundo de básica primaria; noventa padres de familia, y un promedio de cuarenta estudiantes y ocho docentes de las disciplinas ya mencionadas.

The object of this experience is to offer the students the opportunity to take part in the construction of a pedagogic strategy centred on the ludic, for the promotion of the integral health and the prevention of the disease with an educational community; directed to supporting and qualifying the well-being so much individually as group. The project is designed to five years, about interdisciplinary character (Speech Therapy, Medicine, Psychology, Nursery, Occupational Therapy), interinstitutional (Universidad del Rosario, Universidad de San Buenaventura y Universidad de Cundinamarca) and intersectorial (Education and Health). It considers the different actors of the educational community and school and the home as propitious scenes for the strengthening potential, beside being the fundamental spaces for the construction of knowledges and learnings concerning the integral health. To achieve the target, one has come constructing from the second semester of 2003, one pedagogic strategy centred on the ludic and the creativity, from which they are planned, they develop and evaluate the actions of promotion of skills, values, behaviors and attitudes in the care of the health and the prevention of disease, orientated to the early, opportune and effective detection of risk factors and problematic of the development that they affect the integral health. The above mentioned strategy raises a so called scene Bienestarópolis: A healthy world for conquering, centred on prominent figures, spaces and elements that alternate between the fantasy and the reality to facilitate the approximation, the interiorización and the appropriation of the integral health. Across this one, the children motivated by the adults enter an imaginary world in that theirs desires, knowledges and attitudes are the axis of his development. Since Vigotsky raises it, in the game the child realizes actions in order to adapt to the world that surrounds it acquiring skills for the learning. The actions of the project have involved 410 children and 25 teachers, of the degrees Zero, The First and The Second of basic primary; 90 parents of family, and an average of 40 students and 8 teachers of the already mentioned disciplines.