ABSTRACT
Introducción: En Cuba, las quemaduras se han mantenido entre las 5 primeras causas de muerte por accidentes y en la población infantil constituyen un problema de salud. Objetivo: Describir algunos determinantes sociales de salud en niños y adolescentes con quemaduras. Método: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal de 60 pacientes, hasta los 18 años edad, atendidos en el Servicio de Caumatología del Hospital General Docente Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso de Santiago de Cuba durante 2017. Para el procesamiento de la información se empleó el paquete estadístico SPSS, versión 11.5 para Windows, así como la frecuencia absoluta y el porcentaje para el análisis de los resultados. Resultados: En la serie predominaron los pacientes de 1-4 años de edad (41,6 %), los líquidos hirvientes como principal agente causal de las quemaduras (45,0 %), además de los problemas relacionados con el abasto de agua, con el sistema de depósito de residuales, el piso de tierra en las viviendas (18,3 %), el uso de la energía de alto riesgo para cocinar (53,9 %) y el hacinamiento (46,6 %). Conclusiones: Mediante la identificación de los determinantes sociales en la comunidad se pueden detectar posibles modos de enfermarse y trazar estrategias con vistas a prevenir enfermedades y lograr poblaciones sanas.
Introduction: In Cuba, burns have stayed among the first 5 causes of death due to accidents and constitute a health problem in the youth population. Objective: To describe some social health determinant in children and adolescents with burns. Method: A descriptive and cross-sectional study of 60 patients, up to 18 years was carried out. They were assisted in the Caumatology Service of Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso Teaching General Hospital in Santiago de Cuba during 2017. The SPSS statistical package, version 11.5 for Windows, was used to process the information, as well as the absolute frequency and the percentage for the analysis of the results. Results: In the series there was a prevalence of the 1-4 age group (41.6 %), boiling liquids as main causal agent of burns (45.0 %), besides the problems related to water supply, residual deposit system, houses with no tiled floor (18.3 %), use of high risk energy to cook (53.9 %) and overcrowding (46.6 %). Conclusions: By means of the identification of social determinants in the community possible ways of getting sick can be detected and draw up strategies aimed at preventing diseases and achieve healthy populations.
Subject(s)
Burns/prevention & control , Social Determinants of Health , Burn Units , Burns , Child , Child, Preschool , AdolescentABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: By the end of the 2000s, the economic situation in many European countries started to deteriorate, generating financial uncertainty, social insecurity and worse health status. The aim of the present study was to investigate how the recent financial crisis has affected the lifestyle health determinants and behaviours of older adults living in the Mediterranean islands. METHODS: From 2005 to 2015, a population-based, multi-stage convenience sampling method was used to voluntarily enrol 2749 older adults (50% men) from 20 Mediterranean islands and the rural area of the Mani peninsula. Lifestyle status was evaluated as the cumulative score of four components (range, 0 to 6), that is, smoking habits, diet quality (MedDietScore), depression status (Geriatric Depression Scale) and physical activity. RESULTS: Older Mediterranean people enrolled in the study from 2009 onwards showed social isolation and increased smoking, were more prone to depressive symptoms, and adopted less healthy dietary habits, as compared to their counterparts participating earlier in the study (p<0.05), irrespective of age, gender, several clinical characteristics, or socioeconomic status of the participants (an almost 50% adjusted increase in the lifestyle score from before 2009 to after 2009, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: A shift towards less healthy behaviours was noticeable after the economic crisis had commenced. Public health interventions should focus on older adults, particularly of lower socioeconomic levels, in order to effectively reduce the burden of cardiometabolic disease at the population level.
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Depression , Feeding Behavior , Life Style , Mediterranean Islands , Mediterranean Region , Methods , Motor Activity , Public Health , Smoke , Smoking , Social Class , Social Isolation , UncertaintyABSTRACT
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the health status between foreign workers and native workers and to examine the influencing factors of health status of foreign and native workers. METHODS: This was a secondary analysis of the data collected from the 3rd (2011) Korean Working Conditions Survey (KWCS). The sample included 101 foreign workers and 101 native workers matched by age and gender. RESULTS: The difference in health status between foreign workers and native workers was not statistically significant. The most commonly complained health problem of foreign workers was muscle pain of the upper limbs. Among foreign workers, hazard exposure, coworker support and supervisor support were significant predictors of health status. Among native workers, income level and obesity were significant predictors of health status. CONCLUSION: For health management and health promotion of foreign workers, employers and health providers need to establish coworker supporting systems in workplace and improvement strategies of work environment. Particularly, they must pay closer attention to management of foreign workers' musculoskeletal disorder.
Subject(s)
Health Promotion , Myalgia , Obesity , Upper ExtremityABSTRACT
El Departamento de Medio Ambiente del Colegio Médico de Chile ha concordado una serie de medidas que a su juicio deben ser implementadas por las nuevas autoridades políticas de Chile elegidas, con el fi n de corregir aquellos problemas ambientales que son determinantes de salud poblacional e individual. La implementación de estas medidas deberá impactar positivamente en la salud y calidad de vida de los habitantes de Chile, disminuir la mortalidad aguda y o diferida causada por exposición a diversos contaminantes ambientales. En especial, deberá afectar positivamente a las futuras generaciones al disminuir la exposición prenatal o infantil temprana a agentes que determinan el desarrollo de enfermedades o cambios conductuales más tarde en la vida. Estas proposiciones fueron entregadas a todos los candidatos presidenciales y explicadas en reuniones con cada uno de los 4 candidatos presidenciales que tienen las mejores opciones de de ser electos, de acuerdo a encuestas realizadas en el país.
The Environment Department of the Colegio Médico de Chile (Chilean College of Physicians) agreed a series of measures that should be implemented by the new elected Chilean political authorities, with the purpose of correction the environmental problems which are population and individual health determinants. The implementation of these measures should positively impact Chilean population health and quality of life and decrease acute or delayed mortality caused by exposure to various pollutants. Especially, it should positively affect future generations preventing prenatal or infant exposure to agents determining the development of diseases or behavioural changes later in life. These proposals were delivered to all presidential candidates, and explained in meetings with each of the four presidential candidates with the best perspectives to be elected, according to opinion polls carried out in the country.