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Objective@#To evaluate the caries preventive effect and economic outcome of an oral health promotion model in rural primary schools in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.@*Methods@# In November 2015, a baseline survey was conducted on the caries prevalence of rural first graders in program areas, and then a program intervention was carried out on the first graders of target primary schools. The intervention methods included the distribution of oral health care products, oral health education, teacher training, etc. In 2020, the method of cluster random sampling was adopted to include the sixth graders who received the program intervention as first graders and were still available in 2020 as the intervention group. During this period, the sixth graders transferred from foreign schools who failed to receive the program intervention as first graders were included in the non-intervention group. The caries preventive effect was evaluated by analyzing the caries epidemiological data of 2 652 children aged 11-13 years, comparing the intervention and non-intervention group. The cost of the program was estimated by the structural analysis method. A decision tree model was established by TreeAge pro2019 and incorporated into the effect parameters and cost parameters for cost-effectiveness analysis and sensitivity analysis.@* Results @# The prevalence of caries in the intervention group was 54.8%, and the mean DMFT was 1.36 ± 1.64, both of which were lower than those in the non-intervention group. The difference in prevalence and mean DMFT between the two groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05). It costs CNY 319.83 per child to reduce suffering from caries. The number of patients with caries in the intervention group was the most sensitive indicator of an economic effect. The probability of a cost-effectiveness advantage for the program was 92.2%. @*Conclusion @# This oral health promotion model used in rural schools demonstrated a caries preventive effect that was very likely economically advantageous. It is of practical significance to improve and promote this model in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.
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@#Introduction: The increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity has been alarming. One approach to address this issue is to implement health promotion programmes. Despite the many health promotion and health intervention programmes held, there is a lack of evidence showing the application of theories and models. This scoping review aimed to explore existing literature and synthesise findings based on models and theories used to support health promotion programmes for overweight and obese adults. Methods: This review was guided by the Arksey and O’Malley framework. Online databases, such as Ovid, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, were used to search for relevant articles using suitable keywords, from January 2015 until December 2021. Articles were written in English and Malay, and the study subjects were adults aged 18-59 years old. Two reviewers independently screened the articles, and the extracted information were tabulated after analysis. Results: A total of 13 different theories and models were found in the 27 articles selected. Many studies reported using the Transtheoretical Model, Social Cognitive Theory, and Health Belief Model in health promotion programmes for overweight and obese adults. Most constructs and components focused on changing health-related behaviours starting with the individual, such as self-efficacy and readiness to change. Majority of the articles showed an improvement in health-related behaviours and had great potential for future studies. Conclusion: When conducting health promotion programmes for overweight and obese adults, researchers should consider models and theories with constructs and components to ensure consistent improvement and potentially significant impacts on health-related outcomes.
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Abstract Background Office employees of all ages are at risk for non-communicable diseases such as musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) due to physical inactivity. Stretching exercise (SE) behavior could help office employees prevent MSDs. This research aimed to study the predictors of SE among office employees working in Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBUMS) of Iran through a health promotion model (HPM). Methods In the present study, 430 eligible office employees were randomly selected. To assess the predictors of SE, all the HPM constructs were examined as risk factors to determine whether they influence the probability of SE behavior occurrence and were interpreted through odds ratio (OR). SPSS version 19 was used to analyze the data. Results A total of 420 office employees with mean age of 37.1±8.03 years took part in the study. This study showed that perceived barriers to action could prevent participants from engaging in SE (OR [95%CI]: 0.875 [0.815-0.939], p < 0.001). However, perceived self-efficacy (OR [95%CI]: 1.248 [1.137-1.370], p < 0.001), commitment to a plan of action (OR [95%CI]: 1.189 [1.033-1.367], p = 0.016), and interpersonal influences (OR [95%CI]: 1.104 [1.041-1.217], p = 0.003) were significant predictors for SE behavior. Conclusions This study showed that the office employees who were more confident and committed to a plan of action, and perceived fewer barriers, were more likely to engage in SE behavior.
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Humans , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Exercise/physiology , Occupational Health , Workplace , Health Promotion/methods , Health Behavior , Cross-Sectional Studies , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
A lo largo de la historia las mujeres han sido las responsables de la reproducción biológica, han cargado mayormente con la responsabilidad de la anticoncepción (1); surge la necesidad de incorporar a hombres en salud reproductiva con métodos modernos, efectivos y reversibles, como la Píldora Anticonceptiva Oral Masculina, que se encuentra en fase II de investigación, y así participar activamente en la planificación familiar. OBJETIVO: Establecer la relación entre el conocimiento e intención de uso de la Píldora Anticonceptiva Oral Masculina, en varones en edad fértil de una Universidad del Sur de Chile, durante segundo semestre del 2018. MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: Investigación Cuantitativa, correlacional, no experimental y transversal, en 301 estudiantes regulares, se autoadministra instrumento: "Encuesta Anticonceptivos Orales en Varones en Edad Fértil", validado por medio de comité de expertos, con Coeficiente de Alpha de Cronbach de 0,81. RESULTADOS: Respecto al nivel de conocimiento acerca de la Píldora, sólo un 16% tuvo un puntaje mayor o igual a 17 puntos considerándose como alto conocimiento. Respecto de intención de uso, un 58% de los estudiantes varones tiene una alta intención de uso, además de que el 42% estaría dispuesto a utilizar este método anticonceptivo de forma diaria. CONCLUSIÓN: No existe una relación entre el nivel de conocimiento y la intención de uso de la píldora, pues independiente del nivel de conocimiento siempre se mantuvo una alta intención de uso investigación y así participar activamente en la planificación familiar
Throughout history, women have been responsible for biological reproduction, they have been mostly responsible for contraception (1); There is a need to incorporate men into reproductive health with modern, effective and reversible methods, such as the Male Oral Contraceptive Pill, which is in phase II of research, and thus actively participate in family planning. OBJECTIVE: To establish the relationship between the knowledge and intention to use the Male Oral Contraceptive Pill, in men of childbearing age of a University of Southern Chile, during the second half of 2018. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Quantitative, correlational, non-experimental research and Transversal, in 301 regular students, self-administered instrument: "Survey of Oral Contraceptives in Men of Fertile Age", validated through an expert committee, with Cronbach's Alpha Coefficient of 0.81. RESULTS: Regarding the level of knowledge about the Pill, only 16% had a score greater than or equal to 17 points, considered ashigh knowledge. Regarding intention to use, 58% of male students have a high intention to use, in addition to 42% would be willing to use this method of contraception on a daily basis. CONCLUSION: There is no relationship between the level of knowledge and the intention to use the pill, because independent of the level of knowledge, a high intention to use research was always maintained and thus actively participate in family planning.
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Humans , Male , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Students , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Contraceptive Agents, Male , Chile , Cross-Sectional Studies , Intention , Family Development Planning , Family Planning ServicesABSTRACT
Objective@#To explore the effect of Pender health promotion model in patients with acute pancreatitis, and to provide basis for clinical nursing intervention.@*Methods@#Using convenience sampling method, 100 patients with acute pancreatitis hospitalized in general surgery department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from October 2017 to September 2018 were selected as subjects. According to the length of hospitalization, patients admitted from October 2017 to March 2018 were set as control group and and the patients admitted from April to September 2018 were set as the observation group. Patients in the control group received routine health education for patients with acute pancreatitis, while patients in the observation group received interventions based on health promotion model. Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile (HPLP) and Self-care Agency Scale (ESCA) were used to evaluate the effect of intervention.@*Results@#The total scores and dimensions of the self-care ability scale in the observation group were higher than those in the control group one month and three months after discharge, and the difference was statistically significant (t=-0.923-1.014, P < 0.05 or 0.01). After the intervention, the difference of the scores of health behavior scale between the two groups was statistically significant (t=-0.548--0.024, P < 0.05 or 0.01).@*Conclusions@#Pender health promotion model can improve the self-care ability and health behavior of patients with acute pancreatitis, which is worthy of popularization and application.
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Introduction: Physical activity is the most important self-management behaviour indiabetes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of a short message service (SMS) basedon a health promotion model (HPM) on the physical activity of diabetic patients.Methods: This quasi-experimental study consisted of 37 type II diabetes patients in an SMSgroup and 36 type II diabetes patients in a control group. The patients in both groups completedwritten consent forms and questionnaires at the beginning of the study. The patients in the SMSgroup received training messages within two weeks (two or three messages daily) in the field ofphysical activity based on HPM constructs. Both groups completed questionnaires in three stages(at the beginning of the study, four weeks after the first visit, and three months later) comprisingdemographic factors, questions regarding the constructs, and 7-day physical activity recall. Afterdata collection, statistical analysis was conducted using an independent t-test, a Chi-square test,and a repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA).Results: As compared with the control group, changes in mean scores of perceivedself-efficacy (P = 0.001) and family support (P = 0.046) of physical activity in the training groupwere significantly greater and perceived barriers (P < 0.001) were significantly lower over time.The physical activity performance of the SMS group was better three months after training ascompared with that of the control group (P < 0.001).Conclusion: The results demonstrated the efficacy of training messages in changing thebeliefs and physical activity behaviours of diabetic patients.
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ABSTRACT Effective medical treatment with uninterrupted engagement in care is critical to improving the survival and the quality of life of patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Objectives: Multiple behavioral interventions have been conducted to promote adherence behaviors. However, adherence to HIV medications and medical appointments is still an issue of global concern. Method: The Health Promotion Model (HPM) is a nursing adaption of the health belief model. The HPM focuses on individual characteristics and experiences, as well as behavior specific cognitions and outcomes. Integrating the HPM in addressing adherence behaviors could be one of the building blocks of success in changing health behavior. Results: A search of the literature turned up no studies that applied the HPM in adherence behavior studies conducted among HIV-infected populations. Conclusion: This paper presents the reader with the availability of current adherence-behavior interventions and strategies that align with the HPM model components. It further proposes the need for medical treatment team members to adopt the HPM in current clinical practice settings so as to effectively address adherence behavior issues.
RESUMEN Un tratamiento médico eficaz con un compromiso ininterrumpido en el cuidado es crítico para mejorar la supervivencia y la calidad de vida de los pacientes infectados con el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH). Objetivos: se han llevado a cabo múltiples intervenciones conductuales para promover comportamientos de adherencia. Sin embargo, la adhesión a los medicamentos contra el VIH y las citas médicas siguen siendo un tema de preocupación mundial. Método: el modelo de promoción de la salud (HPM) es una adaptación de enfermería del modelo de creencias de salud. El HPM se centra en características y experiencias individuales, así como cogniciones y resultados específicos del comportamiento. La integración del HPM en el abordaje de los comportamientos de adherencia podría ser uno de los pilares del éxito en el cambio del comportamiento de la salud. Resultados: una búsqueda en la literatura no mostró ningún estudio que aplicó el HPM en los estudios de comportamiento de adherencia realizados entre las poblaciones infectadas por el VIH. Conclusión: este artículo presenta al lector la disponibilidad de las actuales intervenciones de adherencia-comportamiento y estrategias que se alinean con los componentes del modelo HPM. Además, propone la necesidad de que los miembros del equipo de tratamiento médico adopten el HPM en la práctica clínica actual con el fin de abordar eficazmente los problemas de comportamiento de adherencia.
RESUMO Um tratamento médico eficaz com um compromisso ininterrupto no cuidado é fundamental para melhorar a sobrevivência e a qualidade de vida dos pacientes infectados com o vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV). Objetivos: realizaram-se múltiplas intervenções comportamentais para promover condutas de adesão. No entanto, a adesão aos medicamentos contra o HIV e às consultas médicas continua sendo um tema de preocupação mundial. Método: o Modelo de Promoção da Saúde (HPM, por sua sigla em inglês) é uma adaptação de enfermagem do modelo de crenças em saúde. O HPM centra-se em características e experiências individuais, bem como cognições e resultados específicos do comportamento. A integração do HPM na abordagem dos comportamentos de adesão poderia ser um dos pilares do sucesso na mudança do comportamento da saúde. Resultados: uma busca na literatura não mostrou nenhum estudo que aplicou o HPM nos estudos de comportamento de adesão realizados entre as populações infectadas pelo HIV. Conclusão: este artigo apresenta ao leitor a disponibilidade das atuais intervenções de adesão-comportamento e estratégias que se alinham com os componentes do modelo HPM. Além disso, propõe a necessidade de que os membros da equipe de tratamento médico adotem o HPM na prática clínica atual ao fim fim de abordar eficazmente os problemas de comportamento de adesão.
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Humans , HIV , Health PromotionABSTRACT
Pender′s health promotion model explains the factors influencing health behaviors, which provides a framework for nursing practice and research. Functional exercise compliance in postoperative patients with breast cancer was in a low level, this article reviewed factors influencing functional exercise among breast cancer survivors through three aspects based on health promotion model and made some suggestions on nursing intervention, to promote the rehabilitation of this population.
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Background: Hypertension is the most common cause of cardiovascular disease, and the growing epidemic is a serious warning to pay more attention to this disease. The aims of this study were to examine the relationships between the health promotion model (HPM) constructs and sodium intake, and to determine the predictive power of the HPM constructs as the possible mediators of sodium intake in rural Iranian hypertensive patients. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 671 hypertensive patients in Ardabil, Iran in 2013. The data were obtained during a 25-40 min face-to-face conversation by validated and reliable instruments. The nutritional data were assessed with Nutritionist version 4 (N4) software. Descriptive statistics, Spearman’s correlations were calculated using SPSS Statistics version 18.0. Structural equation modeling was conducted using AMOS version 18. Results: Sodium intake was negatively correlated with perceived benefi ts (r = -0.707; P < 0.01), perceived self-effi cacy (r = -0.719; P < 0.01), situational infl uences (r = -0.590; P < 0.01), interpersonal infl uences (r = -0.637; P < 0.01), commitment to action (r = -0.605; P < 0.01), affects related behavior (r = -0.499; P < 0.01), and positively associated with the perceived barriers score (r = 0.563; P < 0.01). The structural equation modeling showed that the model explained 63.0% of the variation in sodium intake. Conclusions: HPM constructs were signifi cantly associated with sodium intake and dietary perceptions based on HPM constructs can predict acceptable rate of the variation of sodium intake. Therefore, we suggest using this model constructs to improve the effectiveness of nutritional interventions.
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OBJECTIVE: To investigate factors influencing commitment to human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccination and prior vaccination among female college students in northern Taiwan. METHODS: A quota sample of 400 female college students was recruited from nine colleges in northern Taiwan during March 2013. Of these, 398 completed the self administered questionnaire which was designed based on the health promotion model. RESULTS: The results showed that factors associated with prior vaccination behavior were family history of gynecologic malignancy, ever being advised to get HPV vaccination, perceived barriers of action and perceived self-efficacy. Predictors for commitment to HPV vaccination in the next 6 months were the cost of vaccination, ever being advised to get HPV vaccination, perceived self-efficacy and situational influences. Perceived self-efficacy was significantly influenced by relationship status, past receipt of a recommendation for HPV vaccination and level of knowledge about HPV. CONCLUSION: When formulating vaccination policies, governmental or medical institutions should include these factors to promote vaccination.
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Female , Humans , Young Adult , Cross-Sectional Studies , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Health Promotion/methods , Papillomavirus Infections/complications , Papillomavirus Vaccines , Self Efficacy , Socioeconomic Factors , Students/psychology , Taiwan , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/prevention & control , Vaccination/psychologyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to examine the factors related to children's health behavior. METHODS: A self-administered questionnaire survey was carried out for 431 (boys; 227, girls; 204) children, 6th grade students, in Taegu from December 14 to 18 in 1998. This study employed health promotion model as a hypothetical model. Collected data were analysed through the chi-square test, ANOVA, and path analysis. RESULTS: By univariate analysis, in case of boys, health practice was related to perceived self efficacy, perceived health status, perceived benefits of health-promoting behaviors, and perceived barriers, and in girls, health practice was related to perceived self efficacy, perceived benefits of health-promoting behaviors, perceived barriers, and cues to action. By path analysis, in case of boys, the better economic status, the younger mothers' age, the higher score of family cohesion and adaptability, healthier, the more perceived benefits, and the less perceived barriers were, the more health behaviors were practiced. Girls did the more health practice, in case of living with parents only, the higher score of family cohesion and adaptability, the more perceived self-efficacy, the less perceived barriers, and the more cues to action. Family cohesion had the most important effect on health practice of primary school students. CONCLUSIONS: In order to promote health behavior of primary school students, a good family environment as well as health education might be very important. That is, we have to try together in home and as well as in school.
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Child , Female , Humans , Cues , Health Behavior , Health Education , Health Promotion , Parents , Surveys and Questionnaires , Self EfficacyABSTRACT
Although many people initially enroll in health education programs, there are many instances of erratic participation and dropouts. Inconsistent participation in intervention programs minimizes their impact on health promotion. Therefore, a theoretical understanding of factors influencing participation in these programs can potentially enhance the effectiveness of its educational strategy. This study used the Pender's Health Promotion Model to examine specific factors influencing incentives to participate in an elderly nutrition education program. The Elderly Nutrition Counseling and Education Program was conducted with 147 volunteers (76 males, 71 females), aged 60 to 87, at 5 separate community elderly centers, by public health dietitians from February to April 1997. Some participants dropped out during the program. Overall, 61 people(18 males, 43 females) finished all 7 steps over 2 months. Pre-intervention data were collected by trained dietitians. This data included individual cognitive-perceptual factors(perceived benefits of nutrition improvement, importance of health, perceived control over health by multidimensional health locus of control, self esteem, perceived health status, concern about health, depression scale and social health scale), which were known to influence the likelihood of health behavior, and modifying factors(socioeconomic variables, biological characteristics, behavioral factors, such as smoking, alcohol drinking and exercise). Male finalists had a significantly lower chance for health locus of control, and better social health status with their children and grandchildren, compared to males who dropped out. Female finalists had a significantly higher locus of control regarding food behavior, higher self-esteem, better recognized nutritional status, worse self-recognized health status and lower concern about health than those who dropped out. There was no significant difference between the attendees and dropouts in age, BMI( kg/m2), Nutritional Risk Index, depression scale and daily nutrient intake. These results suggest that elderly nutrition intervention plans should focus on the individual cognitive and perceptual factors, with interpersonal influences, to increase participation in nutrition in nutrition improvement programs.