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1.
Gac. méd. espirit ; 24(1): [10], abr. 2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1404897

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Fundamento: Las personas de edad avanzada requieren atención estomatológica ajustada a su salud bucal. Objetivo: Describir la salud bucal de los ancianos pertenecientes al Hogar Provincial de Sancti Spíritus. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo transversal en el Hogar de ancianos provincial de Sancti Spíritus, entre diciembre de 2019 y agosto 2020. Se seleccionaron 72 ancianos, según criterios de inclusión. Se utilizaron métodos del nivel teórico, empírico y estadístico para estudiar las variables: Enfermedades bucales, factores de riesgo, higiene bucal, nivel de conocimientos sobre salud bucal y autopercepción de salud bucal. Resultados: En los ancianos predominó la enfermedad periodontal (29.4 %) y la disfunción masticatoria (28.6 %); los factores de riesgo que se observaron fueron la alimentación azucarada (12.8 %) y la diabetes mellitus (12.5 %), la higiene bucal deficiente (58.3 %), el nivel de conocimientos malo (51.4 %) y la autopercepción de salud bucal baja (54.2 %). Conclusiones: La salud bucal de los ancianos estudiados se caracterizó por presentar enfermedad periodontal y disfunción masticatoria en casi la tercera parte, con predominio de la alimentación azucarada y la diabetes mellitus como factores de riesgo y más de la mitad presentó higiene bucal deficiente, nivel de conocimientos malo y baja autopercepción de salud bucal.


ABSTRACT Background: Elderly people require dental care adjusted to their oral health. Objective: To describe the oral health of the elderly belonging to the Provincial Home of Sancti Spíritus. Methodology: A cross-sectional descriptive observational study was carried out in the Provincial Nursing Home of Sancti Spíritus, between December 2019 and August 2020. 72 elderly were selected, according to inclusion criteria. Theoretical, empirical and statistical level methods were used to study the variables: oral diseases, risk factors, oral hygiene, level of knowledge about oral health and self-perception of oral health. Results: In the elderly, periodontal disease (29.4 %) and masticatory dysfunction (28.6 %) predominated; the risk factors that were observed were sugary diet (12.8 %) and diabetes mellitus (12.5 %), poor oral hygiene (58.3%), poor level of knowledge (51.4 %) and low self-perception of oral health (54.2 %). Conclusion: The oral health of the elderly studied was characterized by presenting periodontal disease and masticatory dysfunction in almost a third of them, with a predominance of sugary diets and diabetes mellitus as risk factors, and more than half presented poor oral hygiene, level of poor knowledge and low self-perception of oral health.


Subject(s)
Periodontal Diseases , Oral Health , Dental Care for Aged , Geriatric Dentistry , Homes for the Aged
2.
Rev. bras. med. fam. comunidade ; 13(40): 1-10, jan.-dez. 2018.
Article in English | LILACS, ColecionaSUS | ID: biblio-970330

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Investigar as práticas de percepção e saúde bucal entre as mulheres quilombolas idosas (grupo da população negra, descendentes de escravos no Brasil). Métodos: Pesquisa qualitativa com mulheres idosas que vivem em uma comunidade rural formada por descendentes de escravos no Brasil. Estudo realizado por meio de entrevista semiestruturada com nove moradoras da comunidade e posterior análise de conteúdo das narrativas. Resultados: Todas as mulheres idosas são desdentadas (parcialmente ou totalmente) e identificaram problemas dentários que as levaram a usar meios naturais de alívio da dor. Com a análise das transcrições, surgiram três categorias principais: as idosas da Comunidade Rural Quilombola Julia Mulata e o edentulismo; autopercepção da saúde bucal das mulheres idosa da Comunidade Rural Quilombola Julia Mulata; Práticas populares utilizadas na presença de problemas de saúde. Conclusão: Idosos quilombolas consideram a perda de dentes como envelhecimento natural; apresentam histórias de vida ligadas a problemas dentários; procuram resolver os seus problemas dentais com o uso de terapias populares tradicionais.


Objective: To investigate the perception and oral health practices among older quilombola women (black population group, descendants of slaves in Brazil). Methods: Qualitative research with elderly women living in a rural community formed by descendants of slaves in Brazil. The study was performed through a semi-structured interview with nine of the rural community residents and following content analysis of the narratives. Results: All elderly women are edentulous (partially or totally) and dental problems that led them to use natural means of pain relief were identified. With the analysis of the transcripts, three main categories emerged: the elderly of Quilombola Rural Community Julia Mulata and edentulism; self-perceived oral health of older women of the Quilombola Rural Community Julia Mulata; Popular practices used in the presence of health problems. Conclusion: Quilombola elderly consider the loss of teeth as natural aging; they present life stories linked to dental problems; seek to solve their dental problems with the use of traditional folk therapies.


Objetivo: Investigar la percepción y las prácticas de salud oral entre las mujeres quilombolas mayores (grupo de población negra, descendientes de esclavos en Brasil). Métodos: Investigación cualitativa con ancianas que viven en una comunidad rural formada por descendientes de esclavos en Brasil. Resultados: Todas las mujeres de edad avanzada son desdentadas (parcial o totalmente) e identificaron problemas dentales que las llevaron a utilizar medios naturales para aliviar el dolor. Con el análisis de las transcripciones, surgieron tres categorías principales: la comunidad rural de mujeres ancianas Julia Mulata y edentulismo; autopercepción de la salud oral de las mujeres mayores de la Comunidad Rural Quilombola Julia Mulata; Prácticas populares utilizadas en presencia de problemas de salud. Conclusión: Ancianos quilombolas consideran la pérdida de dientes como envejecimiento natural; presentan historias de vida relacionadas con problemas dentales; tratan de resolver sus problemas dentales con el uso de terapias populares tradicionales.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Self Concept , Aged , Oral Health , Dental Care , Anthropology, Medical
3.
Rev. cuba. salud pública ; 41(4)oct.-dic. 2015. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: lil-771190

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: evaluar el estado de salud en adultos mayores a través del indicador autopercepción de la salud y analizar los factores que influyen en esta autopercepción. Métodos: se estudió un universo compuesto por personas de ambos sexos, de 60 años y más, autoválidos, residentes en la ciudad de Córdoba, Argentina, y que fueron encuestados en el 2011para la investigación Condiciones de Vida y Salud Nutricional en los Adultos Mayores de la ciudad de Córdoba. Se analizó como variable dependiente la autopercepción de salud. Se realizó análisis bivariado y multivariado a través de la técnica árbol de decisiones. Resultados: el 60,1 por ciento de los adultos mayores tuvieron una autopercepción de la salud positiva (excelente, muy buena o buena). El análisis bivariado demostró que la autopercepción de salud negativa se relacionó con ser mujer, no tener cobertura de salud, no tener ingresos o ingresos inferiores a 250 USD, necesitar ayuda, tener más de una enfermedad crónica, nivel educativo bajo o medio e insatisfacción con la vida. En el análisis multivariado, se observó que la variable enfermedades crónicas fue la que tuvo mayor efecto en la autopercepción de salud. Otras variables predictoras, fueron el apoyo recibido y la satisfacción con la vida. Conclusiones: el indicador autopercepción de salud resulta útil para medir el nivel de salud de una población, ya que se relaciona fuertemente con la presencia de enfermedades crónicas. Adicionalmente, la ayuda recibida y la satisfacción con la vida se relacionaron con la autopercepción de salud(AU)


Objectives: to evaluate the health status in old persons through the health self-perception indicator, and to analyze factors affecting such self-perception. Methods: primary data from research Life conditions and nutritional health in Aging of Córdoba City was used. The universe of study was made up of people of both sexes aged 60 years and older, self-sufficient and residents in Cordoba city, Argentina; they had been surveyed in 2011 for the above-mentioned research. Dependent variable was health self-perception. Bivariate analysis and multivariate analysis (through decision tree technique), were conducted. Results: in the study, 60.1 percent of the elderly had positive health self-perception (excellent, very good or good). The bivariate analysis showed that negative health self-perception was related to being a woman, having no medical insurance, having no incomes or less than 250 USD, requiring help, suffering from more than one chronic disease, having low or intermediate schooling and life dissatisfaction. The multivariate analysis showed that the variable chronic diseases causes the highest effect in health self perception. Other predictive variables were received support and life satisfaction. Conclusions: the health self-perception indicator is useful for measuring the health status of a population since it strongly relates with the presence of chronic diseases. Additionally, the received support has an effect on perceived health and life satisfaction is a subjective component related to health self perception(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Personal Satisfaction , Self Concept , Social Conditions , Aging
4.
Acta méd. colomb ; 39(2): 118-123, abr.-jun. 2014. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: lil-720223

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: describir la epidemiología de los pacientes llevados a cirugía cardiaca en el periodo entre 2004 y 2008, y valorar la funcionalidad y la calidad de vida postoperatoria en un subgrupo. Material y métodos: estudio descriptivo de corte transversal. Análisis estadístico se realizó en epiinfo 2000 versión 3.5.3 de 2011 y una p < 0.05 se consideró estadísticamente significativa. La calidad de vida se evaluó con SF-12v2 y se aplicaron la escala de Barthel y de Lawton para la valoración de la funcionalidad. Resultados: el promedio de edad fue 68.6 años, 2.4% ≥ 80 años. La mortalidad global hospitalaria fue 10.3% (9.2% para revascularización, 11.1% para cambio valvular y del 16.7% para cirugía mixta). El promedio del componente de salud física fue 43.7 vs 49.6 (población de referencia), y el del componente de salud mental fue 53.2 vs 49.3. 79.4% mejoran la autopercepción en salud posterior a la cirugía, 94.1% eran independientes en su ABC físico y 85.3% requerían alguna ayuda en sus actividades instrumentales. Conclusiones: es el primer estudio en nuestro medio que describe la epidemiología de un grupo de pacientes ancianos llevados a cirugía cardiaca y que evalúa calidad de vida y funcionalidad; se evidenció una repercusión positiva en la calidad de vida, funcionalidad y en la autopercepción de salud. A nivel instrumental se evidenció mayor compromiso de las actividades que requieren movilidad y participación social, siendo el sexo femenino y la edad avanzada los factores de mayor impacto negativo. (Acta Med Colomb 2014; 39: 118-123).


Objective: to describe the epidemiology of patients undergoing cardiac surgery in the period 2004 to 2008 and evaluate the functionality and postoperative quality of life in a subgroup. Material and methods: a descriptive cross-sectional study . Statistical analysis was performed in Epi Info 2000 version 3.5.3 2011 and p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Quality of life was assessed by SF-12v2 and Barthel and Lawton scale for assessing the functionality was applied. Results: mean age was 68.6 years, 2.4% ≥ 80 years. The overall hospital mortality was 10.3 % (9.2 % for revascularization, valve replacement 11.1% and 16.7% for joint surgery). The average physical health component was 43.7 vs 49.6 ( reference population) and the mental health component was 53.2 vs 49.3. 79.4% improve health self-perception after surgery, 94.1% were independent in their physical ABC and 85.3% required some help in their instrumental activities. Conclusions: this is the first study in our environment describing the epidemiology of a group of elderly patients undergoing cardiac surgery that evaluates quality of life and functionality. A positive impact on quality of life, functionality and health self-perception was evidenced . At instrumental level, greater commitment of activities requiring mobility and social participation was evident. Female sex and advanced age were factors with greater negative impact. (Acta Med Colomb 2014; 39: 118-123).


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Thoracic Surgery , Quality of Life , Aged , Epidemiology , Functional Status
5.
Estud. interdiscip. envelhec ; 17(1): 111-124, jun. 2012. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-670830

ABSTRACT

Introdução: A complexidade que abrange o processo do envelhecimentoe a saúde do idoso envolve o aumento da prevalência de doenças crônicas degenerativas em idades avançadas.Tais doenças acometem o idoso e interferem na sua capacidade funcional. Objetivo: Este estudo tem como bjetivo analisar a relação entrea necessidade de auxílio para a realização de tividades de vidadiárias entre os idosos de Porto Alegre e a sua autopercepção de saúde frente às doenças crônicas degenerativas. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo retrospectivo, com base em dados do estudo Multidimensional do Idoso de Porte Alegre, de 2005, realizado pelo Instituto de Geriatria e Gerontologia (IGG) da Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS). Os dados foram analisados e as suas frequências foram comparadas entre a variável dependente necessidade de auxílio e as variáveis independentes: sexo, idade, autopercepção de saúde e doençascrônicas degenerativas, através do teste Qui-quadrado. Resultados: Os resultados mostraram diferença significativa paraa necessidade de auxílio na realização das atividades diárias emrelação ao sexo com p=0,002. Quando comparada a faixa etáriae as demais variáveis foi observado resultado estatisticamentesignificativo para atividades de casa (p<0,001), ingestão de medicamentos(p=0,010), higiene pessoal (p<0,001) e para movimentarse(p= 0,004). Observou-se também que conforme o avanço daidade a necessidade de auxílio aumentou, sendo que após os 80 anos tal necessidade tornou-se mais importante. No que se refere à autopercepção de saúde, foram observados resultados significativosem relação às atividades de casa, tomar remédio, higienee movimentar-se com p<0,001, exceto para alimentação.


Introduction: The complexity that covers the process of ageing and elderly health involves increasing prevalence of chronic degenerative diseases in advanced ages. Such diseases that happen to the elderly interfere with their functional capacity. Objective: The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between the need for aid for daily life activities between the elderly of Porto Alegre and their self perception of health to chronic degenerative diseases. Methodology: It is a retrospective study based on data from the Porto Alegre Elderly Multidimensional study of 2005. The data were analyzed and their frequencies were compared among the perception of health variables, the need for aid and chronic degenerative diseases by the Chi square test. Results: The results show significant difference to the need of assistance in carrying out daily activities for sex (p=0.002), different age groups (p< 0.001), ingestion of medicines (p=0.010), personal hygiene (p<0.001) and for movements (p= 0.004). Chronic diseases, diabetes, heart disease and brain’s ischemia were significant data for almost all variables of aid needs. About health self perception were significant data (p<0.001)) to the need for aid for activities, take medicine, personal hygiene and movements. Conclusion: Such data demonstrate the importance of elderly functional capacity as a predictor of their state of health and the need for increasing aid, making their self perception health and their actual state worse.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Activities of Daily Living/psychology , Chronic Disease/psychology , Health of the Elderly , Self Concept
6.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 69(5): 739-744, Oct. 2011. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-604210

ABSTRACT

Caring for a demented family member has been associated with burden. Studies concerning health self-perception of family caregivers are still scarce. OBJECTIVE: To investigate caregivers perceived health and to look into relationships with patients and caregivers' sociodemographic and clinical data. METHOD: Dyads of dementia outpatients and family caregivers (n=137) were assessed with Mini Mental State Examination, Functional Activities Questionnaire, Neuropsychiatric Inventory and Clinical Dementia Rating. Caregivers answered Sociodemographic Questionnaire, Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories, Zarit Burden Interview and Maslach Burnout Inventory. RESULTS: Caregivers poor perceived health was associated with emotional exhaustion, burden, depression and anxiety. Logistic regression analyses revealed caregivers' age, anxiety and physical problem as the main predictors of health self-perception. CONCLUSION: Aged family caregivers with anxiety who also report physical problem characterize a group at risk for poor self-perceived health. Evaluation of health self-perception may be useful for designing interventions to improve anxiety and physical health.


Cuidar de familiar com demência tem sido associado a sobrecarga. Estudos sobre autopercepção de saúde em cuidadores ainda são escassos. OBJETIVO: Investigar autopercepção de saúde em cuidadores e relação entre dados sociodemográficos e clínicos de cuidadores e pacientes. MÉTODO: Díades de pacientes demenciados e cuidadores familiares (n=137) foram avaliados pelo Mini Exame do Estado Mental, Questionário de Atividades Funcionais, Inventário Neuropsiquiátrico e Escala de Avaliação Clínica da Demência. Cuidadores responderam ao Questionário Sociodemográfico, Inventários Beck de Depressão e Ansiedade, de Sobrecarga Zarit e de Burnout Maslach. RESULTADOS: Pior percepção de saúde associou-se a exaustão emocional, sobrecarga, depressão e ansiedade. Análise de regressão logística revelou idade, ansiedade e problema físico como principais preditores da percepção de saúde. CONCLUSÃO: Cuidadores familiares idosos, com ansiedade e problema físico, constituem grupo de risco para pior percepção de saúde. Avaliação da percepção de saúde pode ser útil em intervenções para melhorar ansiedade e saúde física.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Caregivers/psychology , Diagnostic Self Evaluation , Dementia/nursing , Cross-Sectional Studies , Dementia/psychology , Socioeconomic Factors , Surveys and Questionnaires
7.
Arch. Clin. Psychiatry (Impr.) ; 37(1): 32-35, jan. 2010. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-545759

ABSTRACT

CONTEXTO: A autopercepção de saúde contempla vários aspectos da saúde física, cognição e capacidade funcional. OBJETIVO: Comparar idosos com e sem evidência de declínio cognitivo/demência quanto a autopercepção de saúde e variáveis sociodemográficas, destacando as variáveis associadas à autopercepção de saúde positiva e negativa dentro destes grupos. MÉTODOS: Noventa e oito idosos residentes na comunidade foram avaliados em visitas domiciliares para este trabalho. A avaliação cognitiva e funcional foi feita por meio da aplicação do Mini-Exame do Estado Mental (MEEM), do Teste do Desenho do Relógio (TDR), da Escala de Demência de Blessed (EDB) e do Questionário do Informante de Declínio Cognitivo em Idosos (IQCODE). A autopercepção da saúde foi avaliada por intermédio de um questionário adaptado do Brazil Old Age Schedule. RESULTADOS: Vinte e seis idosos (26 por cento) apresentaram quadro de declínio cognitivo. Autopercepção de saúde negativa e menor participação em atividades físicas e recreativas se associaram significativamente a declínio cognitivo nesta amostra (p = 0,006, p = 0,05, p = 0,03, respectivamente). No grupo de sujeitos sem evidência de declínio cognitivo, a história prévia de eventos cerebrovasculares se relacionou à maior frequência de autopercepção negativa da saúde. CONCLUSÃO: A autopercepção negativa da saúde está relacionada ao provável diagnóstico de demência. Nos idosos com declínio cognitivo, a autopercepção positiva de saúde associa-se a quadros mais graves, refletindo possivelmente menor insight quanto ao estado mórbido.


BACKGROUND: The self-perception of health can approach several aspects of physical health, cognition and functional abilities. OBJECTIVE: To compare elderly subjects wit and without evidence of cognitive decline in relation to health self-perception and socio-demographic variables, highlighting the variables associated with positive or negative health self-perception in these groups. METHODS: Ninety eight community-dwelling subjects were assessed in this study. Cognitive and functional abilities were tested using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Clock Drawing Test (CDT), the Blessed Dementia Scale (BDS), and the Informant Questionnaire of Cognitive Decline in the Elderly (IQCODE). Self-perception of health evaluation was performed with the use of an adapted questionnaire of the Brazil Old Age Schedule. RESULTS: Twenty-six subjects (26 percent) had evidence of cognitive decline in this sample. Negative health self-perception and lower levels of physical and leisure activity were significantly associated with cognitive decline in this sample (p = 0.006, p = 0.05, p = 0.03, respectively). In the group of subjects without evidence of dementia, history of cerebrovascular disease was associated with negative health perception. DISCUSSION: Dementia was associated with worse health self-perception evaluation. In addition, elders with evidence of dementia and good health self-perception evaluation had higher IQCODE scores, suggesting lack of judgment regarding health status.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Self Concept , Dementia , Aging , Aged , Cognition Disorders
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