Comportamentos de risco quanto ao vírus da imunodeficiência humana entre caminhoneiros / Human immunodeficiency virus risk behavior among truck drivers / Comportamientos de riesgo para infección por Virus de la inmunodeficiencia Humana entre camioneros

Os caminhoneiros formam uma categoria profissional que pode contribuir para a disseminação do Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana (HIV). O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar comportamentos de risco para a infecção pelo HIV em caminhoneiros que trafegavam na BR-381, no Brasil. Utilizou-se um formulário estruturado para identificar alguns dos comportamentos de risco desses profissionais, em 2009. Foram entrevistados 109 caminhoneiros, sendo 99,1% do sexo masculino; 47,2% relataram ter baixa escolaridade, 67,9% eram casados e 32,1% procuravam parceiras sexuais durante as viagens. Houve diferença significativa com relação à distribuição da frequência do uso do preservativo e o estado civil (p<0,001) e entre o risco ou não de contrair HIV e o fato de escolher ou não parceiras sexuais (p<0,001). Concluiu-se que há necessidade de medidas preventivas de educação para a saúde voltada exclusivamente para esses profissionais, abordando o assunto da transmissão sexual do HIV com ênfase para os riscos à saúde.

Truck drivers as a professional category can contribute to the spread of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). This study aimed to identify risk behaviors for HIV infection among truck drivers traveling highway BR-381. A structured form was used to identify some of these professionals’ risk behaviors. In 2009, 109 truck drivers were interviewed: 99.1% were male, 47.2% reported little formal education, 67.9% were married, and 32.1% sought sexual partners on the road. There were significant differences between the frequency distributions of condom use and marital status (p<0.001), and between being aware or not of the risk of contracting HIV and choosing or not choosing sexual partners (p<0.001). It was concluded that there is need for preventive health education measures directed exclusively to this profession, addressing the issue of the sexual transmission of HIV, and emphasizing the health risks.

Los camioneros forman una categoría profesional que puede contribuir para la diseminación del Virus de Inmunodeficiencia Humana (HIV). El objetivo del estudio fue identificar el comportamiento de riesgo para infección por HIV en camioneros que transitan en la BR-381, en Brasil. Se utilizó un formulario estructurado para identificar algunos de los comportamientos de riesgo de esos profesionales, en 2009. Fueron entrevistados 109 camioneros, siendo 99,1% hombres; 47,2% reportaron tener bajo nivel de educación, 67,9% eran casados y 32,1% buscaban parejas sexuales durante el viaje. Hubo diferencia significativa con relación a la distribución de la frecuencia del uso de preservativo y el estado civil (p<0,001), y entre el riesgo o no de contraer HIV, y el hecho de escoger o no parejas sexuales (p<0,001). Se concluye que hay necesidad de medidas preventivas de educación para la salud, orientadas exclusivamente para esos profesionales, abordando el asunto de la transmisión sexual del HIV principalmente para los riesgos a la salud.

Health related practices and morbidity among adult in rural area / 예방의학회지

This research was carried out to determine the performance rate of health related practices, to measure the agreement between morbidity by doctor's diagnosis and morbidity by 'subject' self-reported and the degree of association between health related practices and morbidity rate by doctor's diagnosis, to identify their effects on morbidity among rural area populations. The data were gathered by volunteer residents(over the age of 20) of Haman Myeon, Haman Gun, Kyeongsangnam Do in Korea, from June 10, 1993 to June 12, 1993 (369 male and 516 female). Face to face interview, lab, chest P-A, EKG and physical examination were completed. Descriptive statistics, agreement analysis and multiple logistic regression procedures were employed for analyses. The results of the study were summarized as follows : 1) Age adjusted morbidity rates by doctor's diagnosis and self-reported were 38.5% (male:37.3%, female:36.5%), 26.4% (male:33.3%, female:27.5%), respectively. Kappa coefficient between morbidity by doctor's diagnosis and morbidity by self-reported was 0.21 (male:0.21, female:0.22). 2) The frequency of disease by doctor's diagnosis was as follows: hypertension (15.3%), gastritis (9.6%), diabetes mellitus (8.5%), liver disease (8.1%), and degenerative arthritis (6.2%) in the study population. 3) Order of health practice performance rate was as follows: Males- normal body weight (62.1%), non-heavy alcohol consumption (57.5%), 7-8 hours of sleeping (50.1%), non-smoking (21.7%), and exercise (19.8%). Females- non-heavy alcohol consumption (97.3%), non-smoking (84.7%), normal body weight (57.8%), 7-8 hours of sleeping (45.0%), and exercise (9.9%). 4) There was no significant relationship between health related practice and morbidity except exercise among health related practices. 5) Health related practice index which was recategorized by high, medium, and low had effects on the probability of developing morbidity.