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2.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 12(4): 433-439, Oct-Dec/2014. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-732458

ABSTRACT

Objective To outline the audiological findings of aphasic patients after cerebrovascular accidents. Methods This is a cross-sectional study performed between March 2011 and August 2012 in the Speech, Language, and Hearing Pathology Department of the Universidade Federal de São Paulo. A total of 43 aphasic subjects (27 men) were referred for audiological evaluation after stroke, with mean age of 54.48 years. Basic audiological evaluation tests were performed, including pure tone audiometry, speech audiometry (speech recognition threshold and word recognition score), immittance measures (tympanometry and contralateral acoustic reflex), and transient otoacoustic emissions. Results Sensorineural hearing loss was prevalent (78.6%). Speech recognition threshold and word recognition score were not obtained in some patients because they were unable to perform the task. Hearing loss was a common finding in this population. Conclusion Comprehension and/or oral emission disruptions in aphasic patients after stroke compromised conventional speech audiometry, resulting in the need for changes in the evaluation procedures for these patients. .


Objetivo Avaliar os achados audiológicos em pacientes afásicos após acidente vascular encefálico. Métodos Trata-se de um estudo transversal, realizado entre março de 2011 e agosto de 2012 no Departamento de Fonoaudiologia da Universidade Federal de São Paulo. Participaram do estudo 43 pacientes afásicos (27 homens) após acidente vascular encefálico, com média de idade de 54,48 anos. Foram realizados testes que compõem a bateria da avaliação audiológica básica: audiometria tonal liminar, logoaudiometria (limiar de reconhecimento de fala e índice percentual de reconhecimento de fala), medidas de imitância acústica (timpanometria e pesquisa do reflexo acústico contralateral) e emissões otoacústicas transitórias. Resultados A perda auditiva neurossensorial foi prevalente (78,6%). Não foi possível obter o limiar de reconhecimento de fala e o índice percentual de reconhecimento de fala em todos os pacientes, pois alguns eram incapazes de realizar a tarefa. A perda auditiva foi um achado comum nessa população. Conclusão As alterações de compreensão e/ou emissão oral apresentadas por estes pacientes afetaram a logoaudiometria convencional e apontam para a necessidade de uso de outros procedimentos de avaliação nessa população. .


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Aphasia/etiology , Hearing Loss/etiology , Stroke/complications , Aphasia/physiopathology , Auditory Threshold/physiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Hearing Tests , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/etiology , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/physiopathology , Hearing Loss/physiopathology , Reference Values , Reflex, Acoustic/physiology , Statistics, Nonparametric , Stroke/physiopathology
3.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Fonoaudiol ; 15(4): 514-519, dez. 2010. graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-569393

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Conhecer os efeitos, para a audição, da exposição combinada ao monóxido de carbono e ao ruído em um grupo de operadores de empilhadeira. MÉTODOS: Realizou-se audiometria convencional em grupo controle exposto apenas ao ruído (Grupo 1) e um grupo de funcionários expostos ao monóxido de carbono e ao ruído (Grupo 2). RESULTADOS: Observou-se um caso sugestivo de perda auditiva induzida por ruído para o grupo exposto somente ao ruído (Group 1), e cinco casos para o grupo exposto ao monóxido de carbono e ruído (Group 2). A ocorrência de mudança significativa de limiar também foi maior no Grupo 2. Observaram-se diferenças nos limiares auditivos da orelha esquerda nas frequências de 1 kHz e 8 kHz no Grupo 2, comparativamente ao Grupo 1. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados demonstraram efeitos auditivos significativos causados pela exposição combinada ao monóxido de carbono e ao ruído em operadores de empilhadeira, em comparação ao grupo exposto somente ao ruído. Conclui-se que é imprescindível a realização dos monitoramentos ambiental, biológico e auditivo nos operadores de empilhadeira, independentemente do nível de ruído ao qual se encontram expostos.


PURPOSE: To get to know the effects of the combined exposure to carbon monoxide and noise on hearing, in a group of forklift operators. METHODS: A pure tone audiometry was carried out in a control group exposed only to noise (Group 1), and a group of employees exposed to both carbon monoxide and noise (Group 2). RESULTS: A single case of noise-induced hearing loss was observed in the group exposed to noise (Group 1), and five cases were observed in the group exposed to both carbon monoxide and noise (Group 2). The occurrence of significant threshold change was also higher in Group 2. There was a difference between the auditory thresholds in 1 and 8 kHz of the left ear in Group 2, when compared to Group 1. CONCLUSION: Results showed significant auditory effects caused by the combined exposure of forklift operators to carbon monoxide and noise, when compared to the group exposed only to noise. Thus, environmental, biological, and auditory monitoring of forklift operators is indispensable, regardless the level of noise to which they are exposed.


Subject(s)
Humans , Carbon Monoxide/adverse effects , Noise Effects , Occupational Exposure , Occupational Health , Hearing Loss/etiology
4.
Rev. méd. Minas Gerais ; 20(1)jan.-mar. 2010.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-545252

ABSTRACT

A perda auditiva pode ocorrer por causa genética, congênita ou adquirida. Os agentes infecciosos são os fatores etiológicos mais comuns de perdas auditivas congênitas ou adquiridas. O déficit auditivo pode ser decorrente de dano na orelha externa e média, causando perda auditiva condutiva leve/moderada, ou da orelha interna, causando perda auditiva neurossensorial moderada/profunda. Infecção da orelha interna durante a gestação por toxoplasmose, rubéola, sífilis, citomegalovírus e herpes são as causas mais frequentes de surdez congênita. Em relação ao lactente e pré-escolar, a surdez profunda pode ser uma complicação de meningite. Na infância, as infecções bacterianas da orelha média são responsáveis pela maioria das perdas auditivas leves. Contudo, há interferência no desenvolvimento normal da fala mesmo com perda auditiva leve. Infecções virais que merecem destaque na infância e na fase adulta por estarem associadas a dano na orelha interna com perda auditiva moderada/profunda são aquelas causadas por herpes simples, varicela-zoster, enterovírus, Episten-Barr, influenza, paramixovírus e HIV. Pacientes com perda auditiva devem receber avaliação e acompanhamento audiológico para diagnóstico e tratamento adequados. Na infância, o tratamento precoce de qualquer perda auditiva pode estar associado a desfechos mais abrangentes, como a qualidade da fala adquirida.


Hearing loss can occur due to genetic, congenital or acquired causes. The Infectious agents are the most common etiologic factors of congenital or acquired hearing loss. The hearing loss can result from damage to the external and middle ear, causing mild or moderate conductive hearing loss, or to the inner ear, causing moderate/deep neurosensory hearing loss. Inner ear infection during pregnancy for toxoplasmosis, rubella, syphilis, cytomegalovirus and herpes are the most common causes for congenital deafness. In relation to the infant and preschool children, the profound deafness can be a complication of meningitis. In childhood, bacterial infections of the middle ear are responsible for most of the mild hearing loss. However, there is interference in the regular development of speech even with mild hearing loss. Viral infections in childhood and adulthood that are worth mentioning, as they are associated to the inner ear damage with moderate/deep hearing loss, are those caused by herpes simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus, enterovirus, Episten-Barr, influenza, paramyxovirus and HIV. Patients with hearing loss should receive audiologic evaluation and monitoring for appropriate diagnosis and treatment. In childhood early treatment of any hearing loss may be linked to broader outcomes such as quality of acquired speech.


Subject(s)
Humans , HIV Infections , Hearing Loss/complications , Bacterial Infections , Meningitis, Viral
5.
Journal of Audiology and Speech Pathology ; (6)1997.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-519698

ABSTRACT

Objective In order to study the etiology and the hearing status of the deaf students in Hubei province, a survey was carried out from April 1999 to June 2000.Methods A total number of 813 deaf students in Hubei province were examined with audiometer and investigated through questionnaire. The pedigress analysis was conducted in deaf students with family history.Results The pedigrees of 227 familes with deafness were obtained, the inheritance pattern of 167 families could be ascertained. 232(28.5%) deaf students were diagnosed congenital deafness, 581 (71.5%) students were diagnosed acquired deafness. The degrees of deafness could be ascertained with 359(44.1%) students of profound deafness, 323(39.7%) students of severe deafness, 111(13.7%) students with moderate to severe deafness, 11(1.4%) students of moderate deafness, and 9(1.1%) students of mild deafness.Conclusion The hearing loss of deaf students is very serious, and genetic factor and ototoxic antibiotics were a principal causation in the occurrence of deafness.

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