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Background: Nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) is the mainstay for non-invasive respiratory support for all respiratory distress neonates. Recent advances in Heated humidified high flow nasal cannula (HHHFNC) usage with enhanced humidity, and improved comfort factors have led to its widespread use, at times replacing nCPAP in many neonatal settings. The present study was to assess the efficacy and safety of HHHFNC compared with nCPAP for non-invasive respiratory support in post-extubation period.Methods: A hospital based randomized controlled trial was conducted in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of S. Nijalingappa Medical College and HSK Hospital, Bagalkot from January 2019 to June 2020. 140 post-extubated neonates were enrolled for the study after obtaining informed consent from parents, and those who were directly extubated to no support and with major congenital anomalies were excluded from the study. Randomization was done by computer generated random number allocation method.Results: Of the140 babies, 60% were males and 40% were females. Out of 84 male neonates, 47 (67.1%) were on nCPAP and 37 (32.9%) on HHHFNC and out of 56 female neonates 23 (32.9%) were on nCPAP and 33 (47.1%) on HFNC. In this study, 4 babies on nCPAP required re-intubation within 72 hours. 5 babies on HHHFNC, 3 babies required re-intubation within 72 hours and 2 babies within 5 days. The incidence of nasal trauma, hospital stay and duration of NIV support were less in HHHFNC group as compared to nCPAP group.Conclusions: HHHFNC therapy is as effective as nCPAP therapy for the facilitation of extubation in neonates.
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Objective To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of caffeine citrate combined with heated humidified high-flow nasal cannula (HHHFNC) in the treatment of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in preterm infants.Methods From June 2017 to December 2018,a total of 82 preterm infants with RDS (28 weeks ≤ gestational age＜32 weeks) who were hospitalized in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of the Affiliated Xuzhou Hospital of Southeast University were chosen as research subjects.They were randomly (random number table method) divided into two groups:the combined treatment group (n=42) and the control group (n=40).Infants in the combined treatment group were given caffeine citrate combined with HHHFNC,while infants in the control group were given nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) without caffeine citrate.The general clinical data,results of blood gas analysis at 6 h and 24 h after breath support therapy,clinical efficacy,related complications and adverse drug reactions between the two groups were compared statistically by LSD-t test,Chi-square test and Kruskal-Wallis H rank sum test.Results ① No significant differences were found between the two groups in the general clinical data (all P＞0.05).② The results of intra-groups comparison within the combined treatment group or control group showed that the pH value,partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2),partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2) of blood gas analysis and PaO2/fraction of inspired oxygen (P/F) at 6 h and 24 h after breath support therapy were all significantly improved compared to those of before treatment (all P＜0.05);The PaO2 and P/F of premature infants in the combined treatment group at 6 h and 24 h after breath support therapy were significantly higher than those in the control group,while PaCO2 were significantly lower than that in the control group (all P＜0.05).③ The duration of noninvasive ventilation,total oxygen inhaling,failure rate of machine withdrawal,use of pulmonary surfactants,the rate of tracheal intubation within 72 h and the times of apnea in combined treatment group were 3.0 d (1.0,18.0)d,5.5 d (3.0,21.0)d,4 case(9.5％),10 case(23.8％),3 case(7.1％) and 6.0 times(3.0,21.0)times,which were significant shorter,or lower,or less than those in control group,which were 7.0 d (2.0,22.0),10.0 d (4.0,28.0),11 case(27.5％),19 case(47.5％),12 case(30.0％)and 15.0 times(4.0,28.0)times,and the differences were all statistically significant (all P＜0.05).④ The occurrence of nasal trauma,abdominal distention and head shaping in the combined treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group (all P＜0.05).⑤ There were no significant differences between the two groups of premature infants in related complication and caffeine associated adverse reactions (all P＞0.05).Conclusions Caffeine citrate combined with HHHFNC treatment strategy for premature infants with RDS can effectively improve oxygenation,shorten the duration of noninvasive mechanical ventilation,increase the success rate of machine withdrawal,and reduce the incidence of nasal trauma and abdominal distention.
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Objective@#To investigate the clinical efficacy of sequential heated humidified high flow nasal ca-nnula(HHHFNC)after extubation in premature infants with pulmonary hemorrhage.@*Methods@#A total of 52 premature infants with pulmonary hemorrhage were selected, who were randomly (by means of random number table) given nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation(NIPPV)(27 cases) and HHHFNC (25 cases) as a sequential respiratory su-pport from January 2017 to January 2018 at Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University were selected.The incidence of the basic conditions of the 2 groups of premature infants [gestational age, birth weight, mechanical ventilation days after pulmonary hemorrhage, high-frequency ventilation, usage of nitric oxide(NO)], blood gas analysis indicators at 1 h before extubation and ventilator parameters including the arterial oxygen partial pressure [pa(O2)], arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide [pa(CO2)], pH value, positive end-expiratory pressure(PEEP), respiratory rates (RR), peak inspiratory pressure (PIP), fraction of inspiration oxygen (FiO2) were compared.The blood gas analysis after extubation [pa(O2), pa(CO2), pH value] at 1 h, outcome events/complications at the end of treatment (reintubation, uration of oxygen therapy after pulmonary hemorrhage, hospitalization days, bronchial pulmonary hypoplasia, ventilator associated pneumonia, feeding intolerance, neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis, pneumothorax) were also compared.@*Results@#There were no significant differences between the NIPPV group and the HHHFNC group in the following items: gestational age, birth weight, mechanical ventilation days after pulmonary hemorrhage, high-frequency ventilation, usage of NO[(30.5±2.9) weeks vs.(31.6±2.7) weeks, 1 325(818) g vs.1 400(800) g, 5 days vs.4 days, 25.9%(7/27 cases) vs.24.0%(6/25 cases), 7.4%(2/27 cases)vs.0(0/25 cases), all P>0.05]. There were no significant differences between the two groups in blood gas analysis indicators before extubation at 1 h and ventilator parameters [pa(O2), pa(CO2), pH value, PEEP, RR, PIP, FiO2], blood gas analysis [pa(O2), pa(CO2), pH value] after extubation at 1 h (all P>0.05); There were no significant differences between the two groups in reintubation, hospitalization days, bronchial pulmonary hypoplasia, ventilator associated pneumonia, feeding intolerance, neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis, pneumothorax [7.4%(2/27 cases) vs.4.0%(1/25 cases), 43(29) days vs.41(22) days, 40.7%(11/27 cases ) vs.16.0%(4/25 cases), 11.1%(3/27 cases) vs.12.0%(3/25 cases), 37.0%(10/27 cases) vs.32.0%(8/25 cases), 7.4%(2/27 cases ) vs.12.0%(3/25 cases), 7.4%(2/27 cases) vs.12.0%(3/25 cases)] (all P>0.05). The duration of oxygen therapy after pulmonary hemorrhage in the HHHFNC group was shorter than that in the NIPPV group [25(30) days vs.9(22) days, P<0.05].@*Conclusions@#As a sequential respiratory support for preterm infants with pulmonary hemorrhage, HHHFNC has shorter duration of oxygen therapy after pulmonary hemorrhage than that of NIPPV, suggesting that HHHFNC is an ideal non-invasive ventilation treatment.
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Objective To observe the effect of heated humidified high flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy (HFNC) on patients with post-stroke systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). Methods Totally 78 patients with post-stroke SIRS were selected in the department of neurology of Wuxi People's Hospital and were randomly divided into HFNC group (n=40) and conventional therapy group (n = 38). The neurological impairment score (NIHSS) , APACHE-Ⅱ, clinical pulmonary infection score (CPIS) , C-reactive protein (CRP) of the 2 groups were recorded before and after the treatment. At the same time, modified Rankin score (mRS) of the two groups were also recorded. Results There was no significant difference in terms of morality and the number of patients with mechanical ventilation in the 2 groups. The 7-day APACHE Ⅱ, 7-day CPIS, 7-day SIRS cure rate, 14-day NIHSS and mRS of 3 months in HFNC group were higher than those in the conventional therapy group (P < 0.05).There was no significant difference in 7-day CRP, 14-day CRP and 14-day CPIS between HFNC group and conventional oxygen therapy group (P> 0.05). Conclusions HFNC can improve lung infection of patients with SIRS thus improve the recovery rate of SIRS. At the same time, it can improve the recovery of the neurological deficit and prognosis in acute stroke.
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Objective To assess the clinical efficacy and safety of heated humidified high-flow nasal cannula (HHHFNC) and nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) for prevention of extubation failure in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS).Methods From March 2016 to December 2017,75 preterm infants (≤32 weeks gestation) with RDS who needed noninvasive respiratory support after a period of mechanical ventilation with an endotracheal tube in neonatal intensive care unit were studied.They were randomly assigned into the HHHFNC group (38 cases) and the NCPAP group (37 cases) by using a random number table.The main observation was the success rate of removal of the ventilator,duration of noninvasive ventilation time,the total oxygen inhaling time,feeding conditions and incidence of adverse events.Results The baseline demographic characteristics of the two groups were similar in terms of gestational age,birth weight,gender,incidence of cesarean delivery,premature rupture of membranes,administrations of antenatal glucocorticoid prophylaxis,Apgar scores at 1 and 5 minutes (P ＞ 0.05).No significant difference was found in the success rate of removal of the ventilator between HHHFNC group and NCPAP group(94.7 ％ vs.91.9％,P ＞ 0.05).The time of noninvasive ventilation,the total oxygen inhaling time and hospital stay in the NCPAP group were shorter than those in the HHHFNC group,but there were no significant differences between two groups (P ＞ 0.05).The occurrence of abdominal distention (10.5％ vs.27.05％),nasal trauma(5.2％ vs.21.6％),head shaping(0 vs.32.4％) were lower in HHHFNC group than those in NCPAP group (P ＜0.05).The time needed to achieve total enteral nutrition[(10.1 ± 1.2) d vs.(14.1 ± 1.6)d] and the incidence of feeding intolerance (13.1％ vs.29.7％) were reduced in HHHFNC group than those in NCPAP group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion As an respiratory support for the treatment of preterm infants with RDS after extubation,HHHFNC has the similar efficacy with NCPAP.However,HHHFNC has lower incidence of nasal trauma,abdominal distension and feeding intolerance,and further clinical research is needed.
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Objective To evaluate the clinical effects of heated humidified high flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy on post-extubation intensive care unit(ICU)patients. Methods A computerized search was performed through Cochrane Library,EMBASE,PubMed,Elsevier,CNKI,Wanfang Database, SinoMed for randomized controlled trial(RCTs) which studied the effects of clinical effects of heated humidified high flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy on post-extubation ICU patients. Two reviewers separately searched the articles, evaluated the quality of the literatures, extracted date according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. RevMan5.3 was used for Meta-analysis. Results Five RCTs were included involving 982 patients in the study. The Results of meta-analysis showed that the HFNC group was lower than COT group on the re-intubation rate (OR=0.39, 95% CI 0.25-0.62, P<0.05). About oxygenation index, comfort level and toleration of patients, HFNC group was superior to the COT group. Two groups had no significant differences(P>0.05)on post-extubation respiratory failure(OR=0.85,95% CI 0.35-2.09),respiratory infection(OR=0.69,95% CI 0.36-1.34),hospital length of stay(MD=0.51,95%CI-0.02-1.03), mortality of hospital (OR=0.81,95% CI 0.39-1.69). Conclusions The use of HFNC oxygen therapy can reduce there-intubation rate,improve oxygenation index,comfort level and tolerance on post-extubation ICU patients, while HFNC group has no significant impact on the post-extubation respiratory failure, respiratory infection, hospital length of stay, mortality of hospital compared with COTgroup. However, in view of the quantity and quality of study. More RCTs should be conducted to verify the results.
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Heated humidified high-flow nasal cannula(HHFNC) is a relatively new noinvasive method for respiratory support,initially used in premature infant apnea.In recent years,the development of HHFNC applications is rapid,and HHFNC is gradually used in older infants and children.Compared to other noninvasive oxygen supply devices,HHFNC can be used effectively in clinic because of its high comfort,good tolerance,easy care,and reducing the rate of endotracheal intubation.
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Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of caffeine combined with humidified high-flow nasal cannula(HHHFNC) and nasal continuous positive airway pressure(nCPAP) on the treatment of apnea in very low birth weight (VLBW) preterm infants.Methods Totally 80 VLBW preterm infants with neonatal apnea,who were enrolled in the NICU of Hebei Province Children Hospital from September 2013 to March 2014,were randomly assigned to either HHHFNC group(39 cases) or nCPAP group(41 cases) according to respiratory support mode by random number table method,both groups were given caffeine.The incidence of severe apnea,incidence of reintubation,oxygen exposure time,duration of non-invasive ventilation time,feeding conditions and incidence of adverse events were compared.Results There were no significant differences in male/female ratio,gestational age,age at randomization and birth weight between the two groups(P ＞0.05).There were no significant differences in the incidence of severe apnea[15.4％ (6/39) vs 12.2 ％ (5/41)],incidence of reintubation [17.9 ％ (7/39) vs 19.5 ％ (8/41)],oxygen exposure time [(183.1 ± 31.2) h vs (175.9 ± 32.1) h],duration of non-invasive ventilation time [(163.3 ± 25.1) h v s (153.0 ± 26.2) h] between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).The occurrence of abdominal distention [7.7 ％ (3/39) vs 24.4％ (10/41)],nasal trauma[2.6％ (1/39) vs 19.5 ％ (8/41)],head shaping [0.0％ (0/39)vs 29.3％ (12/41)] during treatment were lower in HHHFNC group than those of nCPAP group (P ＜ 0.05).Age began feeding was earlier in HHHFNC group than nCPAP group [(67.5 ± 19.1) h vs (96.3 ± 18.7) h,P ＜ 0.05],and day to full oral feeding was reduced in HHHFNC group than nCPAP group [(346.8±28.6) h vs (371.0 ±29.4),P ＜0.05].Conclusion HHHFNC combined with caffeine is effective on the treatment of apnea in VLBW preterm infants,and easier to make newborn tolerated.HHHFNC is an effective non-invasive respiratory support mode with few side effects.