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Helicobacter pylori (HP) has been listed as the first carcinogen for gastric cancer by WHO.Recent studies have shown that HP infection is associated with a variety of tumors in other parts.This article introduces the current research on HP infection and intrahepatic/extrahepatic bile duct neoplasms from the aspects of classification and epidemiology of HP,association between HP and hepatobiliary tumors,and mechanism of tumorigenesis induced by HP,in order to provide a reference for further research on tumor etiology and diagnosis/treatment and improve the diagnosis/treatment and prognosis of cholangiocarcinoma caused by HP.
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Helicobacter is a class of genus associated with many human diseases. The existing studies have found that helico-bacter infection is closely related to the occurrence and development of primary liver cancer. Not only can it promote the formation of liver cancer through inflammatory stimuli and regulation of cell cycle,but it can also enhance the invasive ability of liver cancer cells through TLR4 / MyD88 signaling pathway. This article summarizes the relationship between helicobacter infection and the occurrence and development of primary liver cancer.
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Objective To determine the interference effect of H. hepaticus infection on the functional characteris-tics of dendritic cell ( DC) surface molecules and immune response in mice. Methods Male BALB/c mice were inocula-ted with H. hepaticus (ATCC 51450). Murine bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DC) were isolated and co-cultured which were stimulated by GM-CSF and IL-4 at the fifth month after the last inoculation. Then the DCs were subjected to FACS analysis for surface markers (CD11c, CD40, CD80 and MHCII) detection. On this basis, virus suspension of New-castle disease virus( NDV) ZJ1 strain was inoculated into the mice. Serum was collected for detection of the NDV antibody titer in serum weekly to explore the difference of antibody titer between the two groups. Results The expression rates of CD40 and MHCII on the mouse DCs in experimental group were higher than that in the control group. The NDV antibody ti-ter of experimental group was slightly lower than that in the control group in the first week. During the 2nd to 5th weeks, the titer was higher than that in the control group, with a very significant difference. In the 6th week, the titer of both the two groups tended to fall. Conclusions H. hepaticus infection can promote bone marrow DC maturation in mice, stimulate the expression rates of MHC II and CD40, and enhance the NDV antibody levels.
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Objective To observe pathological features of liver injury induced by Helicobacter hepaticus ( H.hepaticus) and the difference between male and female BALB/cCr mice.Methods Fifty SPF-class BALB/cCr mice (25 males and 25 females) were administrated by gavage with 0.2 mL bacterial suspension (1 ×108 CUF/ml) of H.hepaticus standard strain ATCC 51450 for 3 times with 48 h intervals. The control group (25 males and 25 females) received same volume of phosphate buffered saline (PBS). Mice were sacrificed in batches ( n=5) after fasting for 12 h at month 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12.Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA) was used to determine the serum level of H.hepaticus IgG antibodies.Liver tissue samples were taken for histopathology examiantion, micro-aerobic bacteria isolation, culture and identification.t test was used to analyze the differences in serum levels of H.hepaticus IgG antibody and liver histopathologic scores between different time points and groups. Results The seroprevalance of H. hepaticus-IgG antibody in male BALB/cCr mice infected with H.hepaticus were all positive, peaked at 6 month, and then gradually declined.H.hepaticus-IgG antibody levels at 3, 6, 9 and 12 month were higher than that at 1 month (t=2.828, 4.300, 3.536 and 4.500, P0.05).Conclusion Compared with female mice, H.hepaticus colonization and histopathologic changes in liver are more significant in male BALB/cCr mice infected with H.hepaticus, and the histological scores are increased as infection time extended.
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There has been increasing research on the association between Helicobacter infection and liver diseases,mostly the influence of Helicobacter on liver diseases.The prevalence and bacteriology of Helicobacter during the development of liver diseases,the mechanism by which Helicobacter causes liver diseases,and the diagnosis of liver diseases are reviewed.So far consensus has been reached that three spe-cies of Helicobacter are associated with human liver diseases,namely H.pylori,H.heilmanni,and H.cinaedi.H.pylori has been studied most extensively,but there is little research on the latter two.H.hepaticus is a new type of H.pylori.Studies have shown that further re-search should be conducted on the pathogenesis and prevention of chronic liver diseases.
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El descubrimiento de Helicobacter, hace 30 años, cambió por completo el pensamiento de las comunidadesmédica y científi ca sobre las úlceras péptica y duodenal. El paradigma anterior al descubrimiento de Marshally Warren planteaba la imposibilidad de supervivencia de microorganismos en el estómago, debido a su pH,y que si algunos sobrevivían se iban a alojar en el duodeno o en otras porciones del intestino. Es indiscutiblehoy día el papel en la carcinogénesis de H. pylori, pero poco se conoce sobre especies emergentes del géneroHelicobacter en el ser humano. Helicobacter hepaticus es una de las especies más estudiadas después deH. pylori. De la bacteria se saben sus características microbiológicas, genéticas y patogénicas, así como surelación con el hepatocarcinoma en modelo murino y su infección en el ser humano. Esta revisión pretendemostrar a las comunidades médica y científica la existencia de nuevas especies de Helicobacter que tienenun potencial patogénico en humanos, y así alentar investigaciones al respecto.
The discovery of Helicobacter 30 years ago by Marshall and Warren completely changed thought about pepticand duodenal ulcers. The previous paradigm posited the impossibility of the survival of microorganisms in thestomachs low pH environment and that, if any microorganisms survived, they would stay in the duodenumor elsewhere in the intestine. Today the role of H. pylori in carcinogenesis is indisputable, but little is knownabout other emerging species of the genus Helicobacter in humans. Helicobacter hepaticus is one of thesespecies that has been studied most, after H. pylori. We now know about their microbiological, genetic andpathogenic relationships with HCC in murine and human infections. This review aims to show the medical andscientifi c community the existence of new species of Helicobacter that have pathogenic potential in humans,thus encouraging research.
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Humans , Male , Female , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular , Helicobacter hepaticus , Helicobacter pyloriABSTRACT
Objective To develop a TaqMan MGB probe-based,sensitive and specific real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR assay for rapid detection of Helicobacter hepaticus.Methods Primers and probes specific toflaB gene of Helicobacter hepaticus were designed.A TaqMan MGB probe-based,real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was established.The specificity,sensitivity and stability of the assay were assassed.Then,the established TaqMan MGB probe real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR assay was applied to detect Helicobacter hepaticus in 1081 clinical specimens during 2008-2011,compared with bacterial isolation and culture method and conventional PCR assay.Results The specificity of this established TaqMan MGB probe-based real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was high and there were no cross-reactivity with Helicobacter pylori,Campylobacter jejuni,Clostridium piliforme,Pasteurella pneumotropica,Escherichia coli,Pseudomonas aeruginosa.The detection limits was 8.3 copies.The correlation coefficient and slope value of standard curve were 0.999 and -3.227,respectively and the efficiency of TaqMan MGB-based probe realtime fluorescence quantitative PCR assay was 100％.The TaqMan MGB-based probe real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR and conventional PCR were preformed to detect Helicobacter hepaticus in 1081 clinical specimens,a total of 86 specimens were positive for Helicobacter hepaticus.However,there was only 4 specimens were positive by bacteria isolation and culture method.The results showed that TaqMan MGB -based probe real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR for Helicobacter hepaticas was more sensitive than bacteria isolation and culture method,and it could detect Helicobacter hepaticus DNA from clinical specimens directly,and detection time is only 2 hours.Conclusion The TaqMan MGB-based probe real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR assay was a reliable,specific,sensitive and useful tool for rapid detection of Helicobacter hepaticus.
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Objective To investigate the prevalence of Helicobacter hepaticus (H. hepaticus)infection in various species of mice from different regions of China in order to find the role of H. hepaticus in development of hepatitis, liver cancer and tumors in lower digestive tract in mice.Methods One hundred and fourteen mice, including C57BL/6 mice (n= 39), BABL/C mice (n=45),SCID mice (n=14) and C3H mice (n=18), were collected from different regions of China. The serum anti-H, hepaticus-IgG and fecal H. hepaticus antigen were determined by using ELISA. Polymerase chain reaction analysis (PCR) was used to screen Helicobacter genus-specific 16SrRNA and H. hepaticus species-specific 16SrRNA. The feces were cultured and identitied for Helicobacter infection in 114 mice. The H. he paticus infection was identified as one of above tests being positive.Results Of 114 mice, 25 (21.9%) mice were infected with Helicobacter species. The mice infected with H. hepaticus accounted for 44. 0% (11/25) with SCID and C3H mice in high prevelence.Meanwhile, the PCR examination revealed that the rest 56.0% (14/25) mice were infected with other Helicobacter species. Conclusion Besides H. hepaticus infection, the other Helicobacter species infections are also existed in China.