ABSTRACT
Introdução:O tratamento da assimetria facial causada pela hiperplasia hemimandibularvemsendodebatidohádécadase, ainda assim,existem algumas controvérsias quanto aomelhor manejo dessacondição. Relato de caso:Revisão de literatura acerca das abordagens cirúrgicas descritas, e, apresentação de caso clínico de uma pacientecomassimetriafacial. Foram realizadas a cirurgiadepredictibil idadenoarticuladorsemi-ajustáveleprototipagem dos maxilares feita a partir de tomografia computadorizada. A paciente foi submetida a cirurgia ortognática com nivelamento da basilar mandibular e condilectomia no mesmo tempo cirúrgico. Considerações finais:Após acompanhamento por 48 meses, a paciente não apresenta recidiva e segue com a oclusão estável. Segue, também, sem dor nas articulações temporomandibulares. Dessaforma, foi alcançado um aspecto mais harmonioso da face, uma vez que a paciente se queixava de que a assimetria causava transtornos sociais a ela... (AU)
Introduction: The treatment of facial asymmetry caused by hemimandibular hyperplasia has been debated for decades and, even so, there are some controversies regarding the best management of this condition. Case report: Literature review about the surgical approaches described, and presentation of a clinical case of a patient with facial asymmetry. Predictability surgery was performed on the semi-adjustable articulator and prototyping of the jaws using computed tomography. The patient underwent orthognathic surgery with leveling of the mandibular basilar and condylectomy at the same surgical time. Final considerations: After 48 months of follow-up, the patient has no recurrence and continues with stable occlusion. There is also no pain in the temporomandibular joints. In this way, a more harmonious aspect of the face was achieved, since the patient complained that the asymmetry caused social disorders to her... (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Pain , Facial Asymmetry , Orthognathic Surgery , Hyperplasia , Jaw , Joints , Mandibular Condyle , Temporomandibular Joint , Tomography , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Dental ArticulatorsABSTRACT
La hiperplasia condilar es una patología que no solo afecta las proporciones y la simetría facial en los pacientes, sino que también afecta la función estática y dinámica de la oclusión con repercusiones en la actividad masticatoria, la salud de la articulación temporomandibular (ATM) y la anatomía y volumen de los tejidos blandos adyacentes. Por lo tanto, es una entidad que, según su severidad, compete a cirujanos maxilofaciales, ortodoncistas, fisioterapeutas, cirujanos plásticos y médicos nucleares, quienes están muy relacionados en la etapa de diagnóstico. Históricamente, el diagnóstico de hiperplasia condilar se ha basado en la anamnesis y el examen físico inicial del paciente, en donde se detectan la asimetría, la maloclusión y en algunos casos desórdenes temporomandibulares (DTM), que luego son corroborados con exámenes como la gammagrafía ósea y, finalmente, por el informe de patología después de que la cirugía condilar se ha realizado. El propósito de esta revisión bibliográfica, es conocer de manera detallada el comportamiento de esta patología desde el punto de vista de su etiología, sus características clínicas, su distribución por edad, sexo y cóndilo afectado, así como las ayudas diagnósticas e imagenológicas necesarias para su diagnóstico, las enfermedades asociadas y su diagnóstico diferencial, las características histológicas del tejido afectado y sus diferentes abordajes terapéuticos según la severidad, la edad del paciente y la patología en su forma activa o inactiva. La información se obtuvo de artículos de investigación científica, publicados en diferentes revistas y revisiones de la literatura, tomados de bases de datos como MEDLlNE, EMBASE y PubMed.
Condylar hyperplasia is a condition that affects not only the proportions and facial symmetry in patients, but also static and dynamic occlusion functions with repercussions in the masticatory activity, the health of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), and the anatomy and volume of adjacent soft tissues. Therefore, according to its severity this disease concerns maxillofacial surgeons, orthodontists, physical therapists, plastic surgeons, and nuclear doctors, who are all closely involved in the diagnosis stage. Historically, diagnosis of condylar hyperplasia has been based on anamnesis and the initial physical examination of the patient, where asymmetry, malocclusion and in some cases temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are detected and later confirmed with tests such as bone scan and eventually by pathology report once condylar surgery has been done. The purpose of this literature review is to provide detailed information on the behavior of this disease from the point of view of its etiology, clinical characteristics, and distribution by age, sex and affected condyle, as well as the necessary diagnostic and imaging aids for its diagnosis, differential diagnosis, associated diseases, histological characteristics of the affected tissues, and the different therapeutic approaches according to severity, patient's age, and active or inactive form of the condition. The information was obtained from scientific research articles in different journals and literature reviews, taken from databases such as MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PubMed.