The Effect of Ethical Management and Positive Psychological Capital on Organizational Effectiveness in Hospitals / 보건행정학회지

BACKGROUND: In this study, state-owned medical institutes, industrial accident hospitals, veteran hospitals, and private medical clinics including 16 university medical institutes in the Seoul metropolitan area were selected to examine the causality of ethical management, positive psychological capital, and organizational effectiveness. METHODS: The study analyzed 1,056 valid questionnaires to which a total of 1,325 nurses, medical technicians, doctors, and administrative staff in 34 healthcare organizations answered over two months from June to August 2015. The study also utilized a ‘structural equation model,’ and a ‘hierarchical linear model’ to conduct the analysis. RESULTS: It was first found that ethical leadership, ethical management systems, and organizational ethics values, which are the three factors of ethical management, had significant influence on organizational commitment, and behavior. These are the three factors of employee organizational effectiveness. Second, ethical management, ethical leadership, ethical management systems, and organizational ethics values had significant influence on positive psychological capital. Third, positive psychological capital had significant influence on organizational commitment, turnover intention, and organizational citizenship behavior. Positive psychological capital presented an indirect effect on the relationship between the ethical management and organizational effectiveness of employees. The effect of positive psychological capital consisting of self-efficacy, hope, resilience, and optimism was confirmed in the healthcare organizations. Fourth, in relations among ethical management variables, ethical leadership showed a significant impact on ethical management systems, which had significant impacts on organizational ethics values, which had significant impacts on ethical leadership.

The development of eco-migrant children's extroversive behavior and its relation with personality and family environment / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To explore the developmental tendency of eco-migrant children's extroversive behavior and the relationship between extroversive behavior and personality and family environment.Methods 856 eco-migrant children(aged 6-16)participated in the present longitudinal study.At first time the Child behavior checklist(CBCL),Eysenck personality questionnaire (EPQ) and Family environment scale (FES) were used to assess their behavioral problems,personality and family environment.Participants' parents subsequently completed measures assessing behavioral problems every nine months for 27 months.Data were analyzed using hierarchical linear modeling analyses.Results The scores of extroversive behavior in eco-migrant children were(10.09±7.11) at first time,(7.66±7.56) at the second wave,(8.54±7.49)at the third wave and(8.11±7.33) at the last time.During the longitudinal period,the descending trend of eco-migrant children's extroversive behavior was significant (β=-0.51,P＜0.05).The scores of psychoticism,neuroticism,family conflict,organization,cohesion and cultural factors were differently correlated with children's extroversive behavior (β=-0.67-0.32,P＜0.05).Family conflict predicted the developmental trend of children's externalizing (β=-0.46,P＜0.05).Conclusion During the longitudinal period,the level of eco-migrant children's extroversive behavior decreased,and personality and family environment have significant influences on it.

Analysis of Repeated Data of Multi-center Clinical Trial for Traditional Chinese Medicine by Hierarchical Linear Model / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To explore the applicability and feasibility of the hierarchical linear model in dealing with the repeated measurement data by applying it into multi-center clinical trials’ evaluation of new Chinese medicine. Methods The theoretical research described the basic concepts and principles of hierarchical linear model and compared the applying conditions of traditional statistical methods with hierarchical linear model. In the empirical study, the hierarchical linear model was used into a real multicenter clinical trial research of traditional Chinese medicine, with the TCM syndrome score as the analysis indicator. Results The hierarchical linear model added time, group and time×group as random variables into the model to get the final result. All of the three variables were significant in the result. The interaction (time×group) statistical result was t=2.65, P=0.008 1. During the whole treatment, the TCM syndrome mean score of trial group reduced 8.5 and the control group reduced 7.47. At the end of treatment, the TCM syndrome mean score of trial group was 2.46, and the control group was 3.31, which was higher than trail group. For this result, combining with the TCM syndrome score’s developing trend, we can see that the efficacy of trial group is not worse than the control group. Conclusion By comparing the data requirements, applying conditions and analysis results, the hierarchical linear model could be an effective method which can be used in multi-center trial to evaluate traditional Chinese drug.