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OBJECTIVE：To explore high-alert drug management mode of our hospital ，and to provide reference for the management and utilization of this category in medical institutions. METHODS ：According to High-alert Drug Catalog （2019 edition）issued by Hospital Pharmacy Committee of Chinese Pharmaceutical Association ，the high-alert drug catalog of our hospital and their risk points were formulated. Relevant training and assessment were conducted for physicians ，pharmacists and nurses throughout the hospital. Using qualification rate of high-alert drug management and utilization as index ，the effectiveness of high-alert drug management and utilization were compared before and after optimization. RESULTS ：In our hospital ，the risk of high-alert drugs was controlled by establishing inspection and supervision group ，pharmacist education ，information management ， prescription review and individualized administration ，medication guidance ，prescription review and medication error reporting and other measures and with continuous optimization. Compared with before optimization ，qulification rate of high-alert drug management and utilization increased from 37.3％ to 80.1％ in clinical departments （P＜0.01），and that increased from 59.2％ to 85.0％ in pharmacy department （P＜0.01）. There were still some problems ，such as the inconsistency of high-alert drugs accounts and materials ，the failure to report all medication errors in time ，the imperfect establishment of prescription review software rules ， the insufficient medication guidance ，and the lack of individual medication varieties. CONCLUSIONS ：By optimizing the management of high-alert drugs ，the management and utlization of this category is improved effectively in clinical departments and pharmacy departments of our hospital.
ABSTRACT
Resumen Introducción: los resultados negativos asociados a la medicación (RNM), incluyendo las reacciones adversas a medicamentos (RAM) o problemas de seguridad, son un problema clínico relevante, debido a su alta incidencia y a efectos nocivos en la salud. Un medicamento podría ser considerado como trazador/señalador, debido a: 1) una mayor probabilidad de causar RAM o problemas de seguridad; o 2) su utilización para tratar y por tanto identificar pacientes con RAM. Los listados de medicamentos trazadores podrían ser útiles en los programas de farmacoseguridad o seguimiento farmacoterapéutico (SFT). Objetivo: el objetivo de este trabajo fue estructurar un listado de medicamentos trazadores/ señaladores de los pacientes con mayor riesgo de presentar RNM, el cual podría ser útil para seleccionar pacientes para programas de SFT o farmacoseguridad. Obtención de datos: inicialmente, se realizó una revisión estructurada en PubMed/Medline para identificar medicamentos asociados a la presentación de RAM clasificadas como graves o moderadas y con una prevalencia igual o superior a 10%. Posteriormente, el listado de medicamentos identificados, fue comparado y complementado con medicamentos de alta alerta del Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP) y con medicamentos utilizados para el tratamiento de RAM o antídotos. Resultados: se generó un listado general de 139 medicamentos trazadores/señaladores. Conclusiones: este listado podría ser una herramienta para detectar y seleccionar los pacientes que más se podrían beneficiar de los programas de SFT o farmacoseguridad. Se requiere de la realización de estudios diseñados para evaluar la utilidad práctica de dicho listado.
Abstract Introduction: negative outcomes associated with medication (NOM), including adverse drug reactions (ADRs) or safety problems, are a relevant clinical problem due to their high incidence and harmful effects on health. A drug could be considered a tracer / marker because of: 1) an increased likelihood of causing ADR or safety problems; or 2) its use to treat and therefore identify patients with ADR. Tracer drug listings could be useful in pharmacological safety or pharmacotherapeutic monitoring programs. Objective: the objective of this study was to structure a list of drug tracer / markers of the patients with the highest risk of presenting NOM, which could be useful to select patients for FFT or pharmacological safety programs. Data collection: initially, a structured review was performed in PubMed / Medline to identify drugs associated with the presentation of ADRs classified as severe or moderate and with a prevalence of 10% or greater. Subsequently, the list of identified medications was compared and complemented with high alert medications of the Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP) and medications used to treat ADRs or antidotes. Results: a general listing of 139 drug tracers / markers was generated. Conclusions: this listing could be a tool to detect and select the patients who could most benefit from the FTS or pharmacological safety programs. Studies designed to evaluate the practical usefulness of this listing are required.
Subject(s)
Pharmaceutical Preparations , Safety , Data Collection , Pharmacovigilance , Medication ErrorsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:To strengthen the management and risk control of 4 kinds of special drugs in pharmacy intravenous admixture service(PIVAS),and promote the drug use safety. METHODS:The 4 kinds of special drugs(high-alert drugs,hazard-ous drugs,important drugs/costly drugs and drugs needed for skin allergy test)in PIVAS were precisely managed by classification. The effect evaluation was carried out by tracer methodology. RESULTS:The 4 kinds of drugs were classified and managed by de-veloping specified directory,mading special logo,fixing position storage,strengthening medical order review,establishing emer-gency plan,daily inventory,batch number management,etc. It had standardized the management and use process of high-alert drugs,ensured the operational safety for hazardous drug and occupational protection,made the compliance rate reached 100% of important drugs/costly drugs,and ensured the consistency of preparation and use batch number of drug for skin allergy test basical-ly. Compared with before management(2015),the items ratio achieving good level(class B)and above in 18 evaluation indicators had increased from 22.23% to 94.44% after management (2016). CONCLUSIONS:The precise management by classification in PIVAS of our hospital has better controlled the management and risk of 4 kinds of special drugs in clinical use,and ensured the safe operation of PIVAS.
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OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for reducing and avoiding medication errors of high-alert drugs in outpatient de-partment. METHODS:The medication errors of high-alert drugs in outpatient prescriptions were collected from our hospital during 2013-2014,and then analyzed retrospectively in terms of the type and degree of medication error,caused factors of medication er-rors,etc. RESULTS:670 997 prescriptions were checked in two years,and 501 medication errors were found,including 26 medi-cation errors of high-alert medication. There were 7 incorrect route of administration of insulin,1 repeated medication and 1 incor-rect dose of oral hypoglycemic agents,6 repeated administration of opioid drugs and non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,2 indi-cation error of paracetamol and codeine phosphate,1 specification and 1 indication error of glucose injection,2 route of administra-tion error of lidocaine,2 administration frequency errors of methotrexate,2 dose error of digoxin and 1 dose error of warfarin;18 doctors'prescribing errors were found by pharmacists'prescription audit,accounting for 69.2%;8 doctors'prescribing errors were not found by pharmacists'prescription audit,accounting for 30.8%. CONCLUSIONS:Medication errors of high-alert drugs occur mainly in the prescription segment,and the main reason is that the electronic prescription system lack of compulsory strategy and policy constraints. Improvement of safety administration of high-alert drugs need to find the error link and adopt targeted medi-cation safety practices.