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1.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 64(1): 91-100, Feb. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-617934

ABSTRACT

Objetivou-se com este trabalho estimar as herdabilidades (h²) e as correlações genéticas (r g) entre idade ao primeiro parto (IPP) e primeiro intervalo de partos (PIEP) e outras características como peso (PS) ao ano (A) e ao sobreano (S), altura do posterior (ALT) e perímetro escrotal (PE450) em animais da raça Nelore. Os parâmetros genéticos foram estimados em uma análise multicaracterística por modelo animal, utilizando-se a inferência bayesiana via algoritmo de "Gibbs Sampling". Os parâmetros genéticos estimados sugerem a existência de variabilidade genética para IPP (h² = 0,26), sendo que a seleção para a diminuição da IPP de fêmeas Nelore deve responder à seleção individual, sem causar antagonismo do valor genético dos animais para PS (r g = -0,22 (A) e -0,44 (S)) e PE450 (r g = 0,02). A seleção para a diminuição da IPP, no longo prazo, pode levar a um aumento da ALT dos animais, embora essa associação seja relativamente baixa (-0,35). A estimativa de herdabilidade a posteriori para a característica PIEP foi baixa, 0,11±0,03. As r g entre PIEP e as demais características estudadas indicam que a seleção para essas características de crescimento não afetará o PIEP.


Heritability (h²) and genetic correlations (r g) were estimated between reproductive traits such as age at first calving (AFC), first calving interval (FCI) and other economically relevant traits, i.e., weight (W) at year (Y) and at 18 months of age (S), scrotal circumference (SC), and hip height (HH) in Nelore cattle. The genetic parameters were estimated in a multiple-trait analysis, with animal models using the Bayesian inference by Gibbs Sampling algorithm. The genetic parameters estimated in this work suggest the existence of genetic variability for AFC (h² = 0.26), where the selection for the reduction of Nelore females AFC should respond to mass selection, without causing genetic antagonism in the selection of W (r g = -0,22 (Y) and -0,44 (S)), and SC (r g = 0,02). The selection for the AFC in the long term could lead to an increase in the animal's frame, although this association is relatively low (-0.35). The posteriori heritability estimate for FCI was low, 0.11±0.03. The r g between FCI and the other traits studied indicate that selection for these growth traits will not affect the FCI.

2.
Genet. mol. biol ; 34(2): 225-230, 2011. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-587749

ABSTRACT

Records from 106,212 Nellore animals, born between 1998 and 2006, were used to estimate (co)variance components and genetic parameters for birth weight (BW), average weight gains from birth to weaning (GBW), average weight gains from weaning to after yearling (GWAY), weaning hip height (WHH), postweaning hip height (PHH) and scrotal circumferences at 9 (SC9), 12 (SC12) and 15 (SC15) months of age. (Co)variance components were estimated by an animal model using multi-trait analysis. Heritability estimates for BW, GBW, GWAY, WHH, PHH, SC9, SC12 and SC15 were 0.31 ± 0.01; 0.25 ± 0.02; 0.30 ± 0.04; 0.51 ± 0.04; 0.54 ± 0.04; 0.39 ± 0.01; 0.41 ± 0.01 and 0.44 ± 0.02, respectively. Genetic correlations between growth traits ranged from 0.09 ± 0.01 to 0.88 ± 0.01, thereby implying that, at any age, selection to increase average weight gains will also increase stature. Genetic correlations between BW and average weight gains with scrotal circumferences were all positive and moderate (0.15 ± 0.03 to 0.38 ± 0.01). On the other hand, positive and low genetic associations were estimated between hip height and scrotal circumference at different ages (0.09 ± 0.01 to 0.17 ± 0.02). The results of this study pointed out that selection to larger scrotal circumferences in males will promote changes in average weight gains. In order to obtain Nellore cattle with the stature and size suitable for the production system, both weight gain and hip height should be included in a selection index.

3.
Ciênc. rural ; 38(1): 185-190, jan.-fev. 2008. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-470011

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos do ganho de peso no período de recria, dos 13 aos 19 meses de idade, em algumas medidas de desenvolvimento corporal de novilhas de corte de reposição, da raça Hereford, mantidas em pastagem nativa. O período experimental foi compreendido entre 15/11/2002 e 23/04/2003. Os tratamentos foram três taxas de ganho de peso, em animais de 13 a 14 meses de idade, sendo: G600 - 20 novilhas (208+1,8kg) submetidas a um ganho diário médio (GDM) de 0,595kg dia-1; G700 - 23 novilhas (197+1,7kg) submetidas a um GDM de 0,637kg dia-1 e G800 - 24 novilhas (181+1,2kg) submetidas a um GDM de 0,723kg dia-1. Os GDM foram estabelecidos para que todos os animais atingissem 300kg (ou 65 por cento do peso adulto) ao início da estação de monta. Foram avaliados os efeitos dos tratamentos sobre o peso, a altura da garupa (AG), o perímetro torácico (PT), a relação peso:altura (PA) e sobre o escore de trato reprodutivo (ETR). Não foram observadas diferenças (P>0,05) no incremento da AG e do PT e na PA entre os grupos experimentais. O peso vivo foi altamente correlacionado (P<0,05) com a AG, o PT e a PA ao longo de todo o período de recria. Os grupos G700 e G800, submetidos a maior taxa de ganho de peso, apresentaram maiores valores (P<0,05) de ETR em relação ao G600 ao início da estação de monta. A AG e a PA de novilhas de corte não foram afetadas por ganhos de peso entre 0,600 e 0,730kg dia-1 dos 13 aos 19 meses de idade. Novilhas submetidas a mais intensas taxas de crescimento (G700 e G800) demonstraram estar mais aptas a conceberem do que novilhas recriadas numa menor taxa de crescimento (G600), considerando um mesmo peso alvo ao final do perído de recria.


This study was aimed at evaluating the effects of growth rate during the rearing phase of 13 to 19 months old replacement beef heifers Hereford on body development reared on native pasture. The experiment was conducted from 11/15/2002 to 04/23/2003. The treatments were the three weight gain rates: G600 - 20 heifers (208+1.8kg) submitted to an average growth rate (AGR) of 0.595kg day-1; G700 - 23 heifers (197+1.7kg) with an AGR of 0.637kg day-1 and G800 - 24 heifers (181+1.2kg) with an AGR of 0.723kg day-1. The three AGR aimed for a body weight of 300kg (or 65 percent of the expected adult weight) at the end of the rearing phase. Treatment effects were determined on body weight, hip height (HH), heart girth (HG), weight:height ratio (WH) and reproductive tract score (RTS). No differences (P>0.05) among treatments were observed on the increment of HH, HG and WH at the end of the experiment. Body weight was highly correlated to HH, HG and WH along the whole rearing phase. The groups G700 and G800 with large growth rates showed higher RTS (P<0.05) than G600 at the end of the rearing phase. The HH and WH measurements taken on beef heifers are not affected by growth rates between 0.600 and 0.730kg day-1 from 13 to 19 months of age. Beef heifers submitted to higher rates of growth (G700 e G800) demonstrated to be more likely to conceive than heifers reared on a lower growth rate (G600), considering the same target weight at the end of the rearing phase.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Pair Bond , Pasture , Reproduction , Sheep
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