ABSTRACT
Pouco se sabe sobre mães adolescentes que passam por gravidez ou maternidade fora de casa. Este estudo é uma revisão da literatura epidemiológica sobre esse fenômeno crescente. Os artigos foram identificados através de pesquisa nas seguintes bases de dados eletrônicas: MEDLINE, Lilacs, SciELO, PsychINFO, CINHAL, ERIC e Sociological Abstracts; 19 referências foram recuperadas. Os estudos mostram ampla heterogeneidade dos objetivos e dos métodos e revelam principalmente que as adolescentes têm elevadas taxas de abuso de substâncias, transtornos mentais, falta de apoio social, comportamento sexual, violência física e sexual; gravidez e interação mãe-criança problemáticas. Poucos artigos resultaram da revisão metodológica realizada sobre essa população. As mães adolescentes de rua têm grande exposição à violência, abuso de drogas e risco de problemas de saúde física e mental. Mais estudos centrados no estigma e em métodos de intervenção para esse grupo de mulheres são necessários nesta área, especialmente em populações culturalmente distintas.
Little is known about adolescent mothers who are homeless during pregnancy and motherhood. This study is a review of the epidemiological literature about this increasing phenomenon. Articles were identified by searching the following electronic databases: MEDLINE, Lilacs, SciELO, PsychINFO, CINHAL, ERIC and Sociological Abstracts; 19 studies were retrieved. The studies showed a wide heterogeneity of objectives and methods, and mainly revealed that the teenagers have high rates of substance abuse, mental disorders, lack of social support, sexual behavior, physical and sexual violence, and troublesome pregnancy and mother-child interaction. Our methodological review found few articles about this population. Homeless adolescent mothers are extensively exposed to violence, drug abuse, and risk of physical and mental health problems. Further studies are needed about this topic, mainly involving culturally different populations, focusing on stigma and intervention methods for this group of women.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a rehabilitation program on hope and self-efficacy in a sample of homeless adolescent substance abusers at a halfway house in Seoul, Korea. METHODS: Five residents of a halfway house were provided with a 16-week rehabilitation program based on a cognitive-behavioral approach. To evaluate the effectiveness of the program, this study used a single-case experimental design with the variables - hope and self-efficacy - being measured at pre-, post-, and followup tests. RESULTS: While three participants showed considerable positive changes in hope and self-efficacy after the program, two participants did not show any positive changes. Despite this lack of consistent patterns in the effectiveness of the rehabilitation program, there was a qualitative change in social status (such as academic and work status) for the participants at the follow-up test. CONCLUSION: A rehabilitation program based on a cognitive-behavioral approach may improve the hope and selfefficacy of homeless adolescent substance abusers at a halfway house and help them to reintegrate into society.