Calidad del registro de la historia clínica: autocrítica desde los médicos internistas

Objetivo: Describir la reflexión autocrítica que médicos especialistas en medicina interna hacen de la calidad del registro de la información en la historia clínica electrónica, en el Hospital Pablo Tobón Uribe. Metodología: Estudio cualitativo que aplicó técnicas de la teoría fundamentada, con entrevistas semiestructuradas en profundidad a quince médicos internistas de un hospital de alta complejidad en Medellín, Colombia. El análisis partió de una conceptualización con codificación abierta y, luego, se hizo la agrupación de códigos en categorías descriptivas. Se identificaron propiedades y dimensiones que fueron relacionadas mediante la codificación axial con la matriz del paradigma de la teoría fundamentada, que permitió la emergencia de una categoría más abstracta. Resultados: Los entrevistados manifestaron que la historia clínica guarda información fundamental e invaluable, que contribuye al mejoramiento de la sa¬lud de los pacientes. Relacionaron la calidad del diligenciamiento de la historia clínica con un contexto regulatorio nacional, el cual tiene exigencias administrativas y financieras que ejercen presión de requerimientos externos a la clínica sobre su diligenciamiento. Se reconoce la influencia de la cultura digital y del inmediatismo, debilidades en la formación del diligenciamiento de la historia clínica tanto en pregrado y posgrado. Lo anterior distancia al médico del paciente, genera desmotivación en el ejercicio de su profesión y facilita cometer errores. Conclusiones: Existe una contradicción entre el "deber ser" del diligenciamiento con calidad de la historia clínica y lo que sucede en la práctica, pues su intencionalidad original de ser una herramienta al servicio de la asistencia clínica se desvirtúa, al privilegiar el haberse convertido en un instrumento que responde a otros factores externos del sistema de salud del país.

Objective: to describe the self-critical reflection that internal medicine specialists make on the quality of the information recorded in the electronic medical record in a high complexity hospital. Methodology: qualitative study that applied Grounded Theory techniques, with semi-structured in-depth interviews to fifteen internists of the Pablo Tobón Uribe Hospital in Colombia. The analysis was based on a conceptualization with open coding and then grouping of codes into descriptive categories. Properties and dimensions were identified and related through axial coding with the matrix of the Grounded Theory paradigm, which allowed the emergence of a more abstract category. Results: the interviewees informed the medical records keeps invaluable and fundamental information which contributes to the improvement of patient ́s health. They related the quality of medical records fill out with a national regulatory context, which has administrative and financial challenges that demands external pressure over the completion requirements in the medical assistance. The influence of digital culture and immediacy and insufficiencies skills in undergraduate and postgraduate medical training for a comprehensive fill out medical records, are recognized. The above distances the physician from the patient, generates demotivation in the practice of his profession and makes it easier to make mistakes. Conclusions: there is a contradiction between the "should be" of the quality of the medical records and what happens in practice, since its original intention of being a tool at the service of clinical care is distorted, as it has become a tool that responds to other external factors to the National health system.

Objetivo: Descrever a reflexão autocrítica que os médicos especialistas em medicina interna fazem sobre a qualidade da informação registrada no prontuário eletrônico do Hospital Pablo Tobón Uribe. Metodologia: Estudo qualitativo que aplicou técnicas de teoria fundamentada, com entrevistas semiestruturadas em profundidade com quinze internos de um hospital de alta complexidade em Medellín, Colômbia. A análise partiu de uma conceituação com codificação aberta e, em seguida, foi feito o agrupamento dos códigos em categorias descritivas. Foram identificadas propriedades e dimensões que se relacionaram por meio da codificação axial com a matriz do paradigma da teoria fundamentada, o que permitiu o surgimento de uma categoria mais abstrata. Resultados: Os entrevistados relacionaram a qualidade do preenchimento da história clínica com um contexto regulatório que impõe exigências administrativas e financeiras que exercem pressão de exigências externas à clínica no seu preenchimento. Reconhece-se a influência da cultura digital e do imediatismo, as insuficiências na formação médica graduada e pós-graduada e as limitações dos médicos nas habilidades de comunicação. Isso distancia o médico do paciente, gera desmotivação no exercício de sua profissão e facilita erros. Conclusões: Existe uma contradição entre o "deveria ser" de preencher a anamnese com qualidade e o que ocorre na prática, pois sua intenção original de ser uma ferramenta a serviço do atendimento clínico é desvirtuada, ao privilegiar ter se tornado um instrumento que responde a outros fatores externos ao ato médico e às exigências administrativas do sistema de saúde.

Utilidade do Sistema de Informação Hospitalar na vigilância da mortalidade materna no Brasil / Usefulness of the Hospital Information System for maternal mortality surveillance in Brazil

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a capacidade dos registros hospitalares (SIH) em adicionar informações úteis e complementares ao Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade (SIM) no entendimento da mortalidade materna. Calcular e comparar a Razão de Mortalidade Materna (RMM) hospitalar e a RMM do SIM dos óbitos maternos ocorridos em hospitais, por faixa etária e por região, para demonstrar diferenças entre os grupos e avaliar a cobertura de óbitos maternos do SIM em relação ao SIH. Métodos: As internações obstétricas foram definidas com base em três critérios (códigos da 10a Revisão da Classificação Estatística Internacional de Doenças e Problemas Relacionados à Saúde — CID-10 nos diagnósticos; procedimentos; cobrança de parto). As RMM hospitalar e do SIM foram calculadas dividindo-se os óbitos maternos ocorridos nos hospitais conveniados ao Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) pelos nascidos vivos (Sistema de Informação sobre Nascidos Vivos — SINASC) desses estabelecimentos. Resultados: Em 2019, identificamos 2.497.957 registros de internações obstétricas, 0,04% (946) com óbito hospitalar. Os três critérios localizaram 98% das internações obstétricas e 83% das internações com óbitos, revelando inconsistências entre diagnósticos e procedimentos. A comparação entre a RMM do SIH (45,5, intervalo de confiança — IC95%, 42,7-48,5) e a do SIM (49,7, IC95%, 46,7-52,8) não foi estatisticamente significante (p-valor 0,053). Conclusão: A análise do SIH foi capaz de prover informações adicionais ao monitoramento e vigilância da saúde materna no Brasil. Embora haja diferenças entre as RMM, o SIH como sistema de informação complementar ao SIM pode ser válido nos estudos sobre mortalidade e morbidade materna.

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the capability of hospital records in the Hospital Information System (SIH) to add valuable and complementary information to the Mortality Information System (SIM) in studies on maternal mortality. We calculated and compared the maternal mortality ratio from the SIH and SIM databases, by age group and region, to highlight differences between groups and assess the coverage of maternal deaths using SIH compared with SIM. Methods: Obstetric hospitalizations were defined based on three sources (codes ICD-10 in diagnoses; procedures; billing information). Hospital and SIM mortality ratios were calculated by dividing maternal deaths in hospitals affiliated to the Unified Brazilian Health System (SUS) per live births (SINASC) in the same hospitals. Results: In 2019, we identified 2,497,957 obstetric admissions, 0.04% (946) with in-hospital mortality as outcome. The presence of three criteria identified 98% of obstetric hospitalizations and 83% of obstetric hospitalizations with death as outcome. The comparison of mortality ratios between SIH (45.5 MMR; 95%CI 42.7 - 48.5) and SIM (49.7 MMR; 95%CI 46.7 - 52.8) was not statistically significant (p-value: 0.053). Conclusion: The analysis of SIH was able to provide additional information for the monitoring and surveillance of maternal health in Brazil. Although there are differences between the mortality rates, the SIH, as a complementary information system to the SIM, may be valid in studies on maternal mortality and morbidity.

Acesso a serviços de atenção hospitalar no período neonatal: análise de redes de deslocamento entre municípios do Estado do Paraná, Brasil / Access to neonatal healthcare services: analysis of displacement networks between municipalities in the State of Paraná, Brazil / Acceso a los servicios de atención hospitalaria en el período neonatal: análisis de las redes de desplazamiento entre municipios del estado del Paraná, en Brasil

Resumo: Este trabalho objetivou caracterizar internações de residentes no Paraná, Brasil, ocorridas no período neonatal em município diferente do de residência, entre 2008 e 2019, e descrever redes de deslocamento para o primeiro e o último biênio da série, correspondentes aos períodos anterior e posterior a iniciativas de regionalização dos serviços de saúde no estado. Dados sobre internações de crianças com idade entre 0 e 27 dias foram obtidos por meio do Sistema de Informações Hospitalares do Sistema Único de Saúde (SIH-SUS). Para cada biênio e regional de saúde, foram calculados a proporção de internações ocorridas fora do município de residência, a distância média ponderada pelo fluxo dos deslocamentos, bem como indicadores de saúde e de oferta de serviços. Modelos mistos foram ajustados para avaliar a tendência bianual dos indicadores e para verificar fatores associados à taxa de mortalidade neonatal (TMN). No total, 76.438 internações foram selecionadas, variando de 9.030, em 2008-2009, a 17.076, em 2018-2019. A comparação entre as redes obtidas para 2008-2009 e as existentes em 2018-2019 evidenciou aumento no número de destinos frequentes e na proporção de deslocamentos dentro da mesma regional de saúde. Observou-se tendência decrescente para a distância, para a proporção de nascidos vivos com Apgar no quinto minuto ≤ 7 e para a TMN. Na análise ajustada para a TMN, além do efeito de biênio (-0,64; IC95%: -0,95; -0,28), apenas a proporção de nascidos vivos com idade gestacional inferior a 28 semanas apresentou significância estatística (4,26; IC95%: 1,29; 7,06). A demanda por assistência hospitalar no período neonatal aumentou ao longo do período estudado. As redes de deslocamento sugerem impacto positivo da regionalização, embora o investimento em regiões com potencial para se tornarem polos assistenciais seja necessário.

Abstract: This study aimed to characterize hospitalizations of residents in Paraná State, Brazil, that occurred during the neonatal period in a municipality different from their place of residence from 2008 to 2019, and to describe displacement networks for the first and last biennium of the series, corresponding to periods before and after initiatives to regionalize health services in the state. Admissions of children aged from 0 to 27 days were obtained from the Hospital Information System of the Brazilian National Unified Health System (SIH-SUS) database. For each biennium and health region, the proportion of admissions that occurred outside the municipality of residence, the weighted average distance traveled, and indicators of health and service provision were calculated. Mixed models were fitted to evaluate the biennial trend of the indicators and to investigate factors associated with the neonatal mortality rate (NMR). In total, 76,438 hospitalizations were selected, ranging from 9,030 in 2008-2009 to 17,076 in 2018-2019. The comparison of the networks obtained for 2008-2009 and 2018-2019 revealed an increase in the number of frequent destinations and in the proportion of displacements within the same health region. A decreasing trend was observed for distance, the proportion of live births with 5-minute Apgar ≤ 7, and for NMR. In the adjusted analysis for NMR, besides the biennial effect (-0.64; 95%CI: -0.95; -0.28), only the proportion of live birth with gestational age < 28 weeks showed statistical significance (4.26; 95%CI: 1.29; 7.06). The demand for neonatal hospital care increased over the study period. The displacement networks suggest a positive impact of regionalization, although investment in regions with the potential to become healthcare centers is necessary.

Resumen: El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo caracterizar las hospitalizaciones de residentes en el Paraná, Brasil, ocurridas en el período neonatal en un municipio diferente al de su residencia entre el 2008 y el 2019, y describir las redes de desplazamiento para el primer y último bienio de la serie, correspondientes al período anterior y posterior a iniciativas de regionalización de servicios de salud en el Estado. Las hospitalizaciones de niños con edades entre 0 y 27 días se obtuvieron del Sistema de Información Hospitalaria del Sistema Único de Salud (SIH-SUS) y, para cada bienio y regional de salud, se calculó la proporción de ingresos hospitalarios que ocurrieron fuera del municipio de residencia, la distancia media calculada por el flujo de desplazamientos, así como indicadores de salud y de oferta de servicios. Se ajustaron modelos mixtos para evaluar la tendencia bianual de los indicadores y para verificar factores asociados a la tasa de mortalidad neonatal (TMN). En total, se seleccionaron 76.438 hospitalizaciones, que varían desde 9.030 en 2008-2009 a 17.076 en 2018-2019. La comparación de las redes obtenida para 2008-2009 y 2018-2019 mostró un aumento en el número de destinos frecuentes y en la proporción de desplazamientos dentro de la misma regional de salud. Se observó una tendencia decreciente para la distancia, la proporción de nacidos vivos con Apgar al 5º minuto ≤ 7 y para la TMN. En el análisis ajustado para la TMN, además del efecto de bienio (-0,64; IC95%: -0,95; -0,28), solo la proporción de nacidos vivos con edad gestacional < 28 semanas presentó significativa estadística (4,26; IC95%: 1,29; 7,06). La demanda de asistencia hospitalaria en el período neonatal aumentó a lo largo del período estudiado. Las redes de desplazamiento sugieren un impacto positivo de la regionalización, aunque es necesaria la inversión en regiones con potencial para convertirse en polos asistenciales.

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil: a study in tertiary dental care

Abstract The pandemic caused by coronavirus has resonated throughout different levels of health care in Brazil and, in this context, the present research aimed to evaluate this impact on tertiary dental care provided by the Unified Health System (SUS). Therefore, an ecological study was conducted with data obtained from the Hospital Information System processed by the Portal of the Department of Informatics of SUS. The sample consisted of patients of all sexes and age groups, whose Hospital Admission Authorizations (AIHs) were approved for dental tertiary care procedures from January 2015 to December 2020. Descriptive analyses and the ANOVA test with a significance level set at p < 0.05 were used. When the annual mean numbers of AIHs approved were evaluated, findings showed that on an average, the Southeast region authorized a higher number of procedures (p-value < 0.001), however, in the pandemic year (2020), a reduction of approximately 24.5% of these hospitalizations occurred throughout Brazil, with the Midwest being the region most affected (32.12%). A percentage increase occurred in the Surgical Treatment of Oral sinus/Oral nasal Fistula (16.1%), in addition to a significant decrease in performing procedures for Resection of Mouth Lesion (33.4%). In the pandemic year, there was a reduction of 14% in expenditures related to hospital services and 23.26% related to professional services. It was concluded that the data presented demonstrated a significant reduction in AIHs for tertiary dental care in the pandemic year.

A pandemia de covid-19 e a morbidade hospitalar por transtorno mental e comportamental no Brasil: uma análise de série temporal interrompida, janeiro de 2008 a julho de 2021 / La pandemia de covid-19 y la morbilidad hospitalaria por trastornos mentales y del comportamiento en Brasil: un análisis de series temporales interrompidas, de enero de 2008 a julio de 2021 / The covid-19 pandemic and hospital morbidity due to mental and behavioral disorders in Brazil: an interrupted time series analysis, from January 2008 to July 2021

Objective: to analyze records of hospitalizations due to mental and behavioral disorders before and after the beginning of the covid-19 pandemic in Brazil, from January 2008 to July 2021. Methods: this was a descriptive ecological interrupted time series study, using secondary data retrieved from the Brazilian National Health System Hospital Information System; a time series analysis of hospitalizations was conducted based on a population-weighted Poisson regression model; relative risk (RR) and respective 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were calculated. Results: we identified 6,329,088 hospitalizations due to mental and behavioral disorders; hospitalization rates showed an 8% decrease (RR = 0.92; 95%CI 0.91;0.92) after the start of the pandemic, compared to the pre-pandemic period. Conclusion: the pandemic changed the trend of hospitalizations due to mental and behavioral disorders in Brazil; the drop observed in the period is evidence that the pandemic affected the mental health care network.

Objetivo: analizar las hospitalizaciones por trastornos mentales y del comportamiento antes y después del inicio de la pandemia de covid-19 en Brasil, desde enero 2008 hasta julio 2021. Método: estudio ecológico descriptivo de series temporales interrumpidas, con datos registrados en el Sistema de Informações Hospitalares del Sistema Único de Saúde; se realizó un análisis de series temporales de hospitalizaciones basado en modelo de regresión de Poisson, ponderado por la población; calculado el riesgo relativo (RR), con intervalo de confianza del (IC95%). Resultados: se identificaron 6.329.088 hospitalizaciones por trastornos mentales y del comportamiento; las tasas de hospitalización mostraron disminución del 8% (RR = 0,92; IC95% 0,91;0,92) tras el inicio de la pandemia, en relación con el periodo prepandémico. Conclusión: la pandemia cambió la tendencia de hospitalizaciones por trastornos mentales y del comportamiento en Brasil; la caída observada en el período evidencia que la pandemia afectó la cadena asistencial estructurada para la salud mental.

Objetivo: analisar as internações por transtorno mental e comportamental, antes e após o início da pandemia de covid-19 no Brasil, de janeiro de 2008 a julho de 2021. Métodos: estudo ecológico descritivo de série temporal interrompida, com dados registrados no Sistema de Informações Hospitalares do Sistema Único de Saúde (SIH/SUS); realizada análise da série temporal das internações baseada em um modelo de regressão de Poisson, ponderado pela população; calculado o risco relativo (RR), com intervalo de confiança de 95% (IC95%). Resultados: foram identificadas 6.329.088 internações por transtornos mentais e comportamentais; as taxas de internação apresentaram um decréscimo de 8% (RR = 0,92; IC95% 0,91;0,92) após o início da pandemia, em relação ao período pré-pandemia. Conclusão: a pandemia modificou a tendência das internações por transtornos mentais e comportamentais no Brasil; a queda observada no período é evidência de que a pandemia afetou a cadeia de cuidado estruturada para saúde mental.

Módulo Consulta externa del Sistema de información hospitalaria XAVIA HIS

La gestión de la información de salud del paciente, así como de los diferentes servicios que se brindan en los centros de atención de salud, constituyen elementos cruciales para prestar un servicio de salud de buena calidad. El Sistema de Información Hospitalaria XAVIA HIS, constituye una solución integral para la gestión médica de hospitales y centros de salud. En el módulo de Consulta externa se gestiona la información referente a la atención a pacientes ambulatorios en diferentes especialidades. El objetivo del presente trabajo es describir las principales funcionalidades y especialidades médicas incluidas en el módulo Consulta externa del sistema XAVIA HIS. El desarrollo estuvo guiado por la metodología de desarrollo Proceso Ágil Unificado. variante UCI y fueron empleadas las tecnologías, herramientas y lenguajes que forman parte de la arquitectura del sistema definida por el Centro de Informática Médica, entre las cuales se pueden mencionar: Java Enterprise Edition 6 como plataforma de programación para el desarrollo y la ejecución del sistema, como sistema gestor de base de datos se empleó PostgreSQL 10, como herramienta de modelado Visual Paradigm para UML, la notación BPMN 2.0 (Business Process Management Notation) y el Lenguaje Unificado de Modelado (UML) y el estándar HL7 CDA® (Clinical Document Architecture) para homogeneizar la arquitectura de los documentos clínicos. El desarrollo de este módulo refuerza la base de conocimientos necesaria para la toma de decisiones clínicas y administrativas, mejora el acceso a la información y la calidad de la asistencia a los pacientes.

The patient's health information management, as well as different services provided in health care centers, constitutes crucial elements to provide a good quality health service. The Hospital Information System XAVIA HIS establishes a comprehensive solution for hospitals and health centers medical management. The Outpatient module manages the information regarding outpatient care in different specialties. This paper aims to describe the main functionalities and medical specialties included in the Outpatient module of the XAVIA HIS system. The development was guided by the AUP development methodology (an UCI variant), and to achieve it, the technologies, tools and languages used are part of the system architecture defined by the CESIM and mentioned as follow: Java Enterprise Edition 6 platform as the Runtime Environment, PostgreSQL 10 as the database management system, Visual Paradigm as modeling tool for UML, the BPMN 2.0 notation (Business Process Management Notation), the Unified Modeling Language (UML) and the HL7 CDA® (Clinical Document Architecture) standard to standardize the architecture of clinical documents. This module development reinforces the knowledge base necessary for clinical and administrative decision-making, improves access to information and patients' care quality.

Arquitectura de información para indicaciones médicas de signos vitales y ventilación

Introducción: La Historia Clínica es el documento principal en el sistema de información hospitalaria, imprescindible en sus vertientes asistencial y administrativa. Las nuevas tecnologías de la Informática y las comunicaciones han permitido informatizar todos los procesos del sistema de salud. Desde el punto de vista técnico, la informatización de los registros médicos, debe tener en cuenta la correcta descripción de las indicaciones médicas, más aún en los pacientes hospitalizados en las unidades de cuidados intensivos, por su estado de gravedad. Objetivo: desarrollar el prototipo de la aplicación informática que permitirá la gestión de la información del registro de las indicaciones médicas de signos vitales y ventilación de las historias clínicas en el Hospital Clínico-Quirúrgico Docente León Cuervo Rubio de la provincia de Pinar del Río. Métodos: la investigación que se describe obedeció a un estudio de desarrollo tecnológico, para su desarrollo se emplearon métodos teóricos y empíricos. Resultados: la investigación permite a los programadores desarrollar la aplicación informática para el registro de las indicaciones médicas de signos vitales y ventilación en la historia clínica tradicional, por una solución informatizada, a partir de la descripción del negocio, sus requisitos e interacciones. Conclusiones: se alcanzó un gran impacto social en nuestro sistema de salud tanto a nivel provincial como nacional, ya que no existe este sitema y beneficiaria tanto al paciente, como a los profesionales y a la misma institución al abaratar los costos.

Introduction: The Clinical History is the main document in the hospital information system, essential in its care and administrative aspects. The new information technology and communications have made it possible to computerize all the processes of the health system. From a technical point of view, the computerization of medical records must take into account the correct description of medical indications, especially in patients hospitalized in intensive care units, due to their state of seriousness. Objective: to develop the prototype of the computer application that will allow the management of the information of the registry of the medical indications of vital signs and ventilation of the medical records at the León Cuervo Rubio Teaching Clinical-Surgical Hospital in the province of Pinar del Río. Methods: the research that is described obeyed a study of technological development, for its development theoretical and empirical methods were used. Results: the research allows the programmers to develop the computer application for the registration of the medical indications of vital signs and ventilation in the traditional clinical history, by a computerized solution, based on the description of the business, its requirements and interactions. Conclusions: a great social impact was achieved in our health system both at the provincial and national level, since this system does not exist and it would benefit patient, professional and the institution itself by reducing costs.

Análise descritiva e temporal da taxa de mortalidade e média de permanência hospitalar por queimaduras e corrosões em idosos no Brasil entre 2010 e 2019 / Descriptive and temporal analysis of the mortality rate and average hospital stay due to burns and corrosion in the elderly in Brazil between 2010 and 2019

Introdução: O envelhecimento leva a limitações físicas e cognitivas, além de uma diminuição da capacidade funcional. Logo, evidencia-se maior risco, maior índice de complicações e óbito nos pacientes idosos diante de queimaduras. Métodos: Estudo transversal e documental de abordagem quantitativa, com idosos (≥60 anos) internados por queimaduras e corrosões no Brasil (2010 - 2019) notificados por meio do Sistema de Declaração de Morbidade Hospitalar do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde. Resultados: A taxa de mortalidade geral para o período estudado foi de 9%, indo de 8,37% em 2010 para 8,6% em 2019. A média de internação para o Brasil entre 2010 e 2019 foi de 8,5 dias. Neste período, houve redução da média de dias, indo de 8,6 dias em 2010 para 8,1 dias em 2019. A taxa de mortalidade nos idosos (9%) foi maior do que na população geral (2,87%) devido às fragilidades inerentes à terceira idade que contribuem para que o idoso tenha um maior risco de mortalidade por queimaduras. A média de permanência hospitalar vai ao encontro da literatura, a qual demonstra que, quanto maior a média de permanência do idoso em hospitais, maior será a taxa de mortalidade deste. Conclusão: Diante disso, é possível comprovar a correlação entre a faixa etária idosa e a alta taxa de mortalidade anual por queimaduras. Esta se torna mais expressiva à medida que o grupo etário envelhece.

Introduction: Aging leads to physical and cognitive limitations and decreased functional capacity. Therefore, there is a greater risk, a higher rate of complications and death in elderly patients from burns. Methods: Cross-sectional and documentary study with a quantitative approach, with elderly (≥60 years old) hospitalized for burns and people in Brazil (2010 - 2019) corrosion notice through the Hospital Morbidity Declaration System of Department of Informatics of the Brazilian Public Health System. Results: The overall mortality rate for the period studied was 9%, going from 8.37% in 2010 to 8.6% in 2019. The average hospital stay in Brazil between 2010 and 2019 was 8.5 days. During this period, there was a reduction in the average number of days, from 8.6 days in 2010 to 8.1 days in 2019. The mortality rate in the elderly (9%) was higher than in the general population (2. 87%) due to the inherent weaknesses of the elderly that contribute to the elderly having a higher risk of mortality from burns. The average hospital stay found is in line with the literature, demonstrating that the higher the average hospital stays for the elderly, the higher the mortality rate. Conclusion: Because of this, it is possible to prove the correlation between the elderly age group and the high annual mortality rate from burns. It becomes more expressive as the age group gets older.

Internações por condições sensíveis à atenção primária entre idosos residentes em Minas Gerais, Brasil, 2010-2015 / Hospitalizations for ambulatory care sensitive conditions among older adults residents in Minas Gerais, Brazil, 2010-2015

Resumo Introdução As internações por condições sensíveis à atenção primária (ICSAP) têm sido utilizadas como um indicador do acesso à atenção primária e de monitoramento do seu desempenho. Objetivo Analisar a tendência de comportamento das ICSAP entre idosos de Minas Gerais, Brasil, de 2010 a 2015. Método Estudo ecológico utilizando dados do Sistema de Informações Hospitalares (SIH-SUS), referentes a hospitalizações de idosos entre 60 e 79 anos. Foram calculadas as taxas de ICSAP global por causa e regiões administrativas de saúde. Resultados Foram analisadas 126.757 ICSAP ocorridas no período (8,8% do total de internações pelo SUS). A taxa global diminuiu de 10,4 para 9,4 (por 1.000). Entre as causas de internação analisadas, foi observada redução nas taxas de internação por hipertensão, deficiências nutricionais e gastroenterites infecciosas, mas foi constatado aumento da taxa de internação por infecção do rim e trato urinário. As taxas variaram ainda em função das regiões de saúde, sendo que regiões com baixa densidade populacional, PIB per capita mais baixo e pior infraestrutura sanitária apresentaram taxas mais elevadas. Conclusão A variação do indicador entre as regionais de saúde pode refletir disparidades socioeconômicas, de organização e oferta de serviços de saúde. A elevação das taxas de internação por algumas condições sensíveis à atenção primária pode indicar a necessidade de os serviços de Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) aumentarem os esforços para o cuidado da pessoa idosa que sofre a comorbidade com mais frequência.

Abstract Background Hospitalizations due to Ambulatory Care Sensitive Conditions (ACSC) have been used as an indicator of access to primary care and monitoring of its performance. Objective To analyze the behavioral trend of ACSC among elderly in Minas Gerais, Brazil, from 2010 to 2015. Method Ecological study based on data from the Hospital Information System (SIH) of the Unified Health System (SUS), concerning the hospitalization of the elderly aged 60-79 years. ACSC rates were calculated, global, specific by ACSC and by health administrative region. Results A total of 126,757 ACSC occurred in the period (8.8% of all hospitalizations by SUS). The overall rate decreased from 10.4 to 9.4 (p /1,000). The causes of hospitalization showed a reduction in the risk of hospitalization for hypertension, nutritional deficiencies, and infectious gastroenteritis, but increased the risk of hospitalization for kidney and urinary tract infection. The ACSC rates also varied according to the health regions: regions with low population density, lower per capita GDP and worse health infrastructure showed higher rates. Conclusion The variation of the indicator among health regions may reflect socioeconomic disparities and the organization and supply of health services. Raising inpatient rates for some of the ACSC may indicate the need for PHC services to increase efforts to care for the elderly who suffer from comorbidity more often.

Exploration and Application of ESB High-availability Architecture Construction Based on Hospital Information System / 中国医疗器械杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To solve the ESB bus performance and safety problems caused by the explosive growth of the hospital's business, and to ensure the stable interaction of the hospital's business system.@*METHODS@#Taking the construction of our hospital's information system as an example, we used AlwaysOn, load balancing and other technologies to optimize the ESB bus architecture to achieve high availability and scalability of the hospital's ESB bus.@*RESULTS@#The ESB bus high-availability architecture effectively eliminates multiple points of failure. Compared with the traditional dual-machine Cluster solution, the security is significantly improved. The nodes based on load balancing can be scaled horizontally according to the growth of the hospital's business volume.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The construction of the ESB bus high-availability architecture effectively solves the performance and security issues caused by business growth, and provides practical experience for medical information colleagues. It has certain guiding significance for the development of regional medical information.

Construction of an informationized management system for ophthalmic day surgeries / 中华医院管理杂志

Means of information technology can achieve information sharing and optimize the management process, and tackle the challenges encountered in the process of ophthalmic day surgery, namely surgery appointment, patient education, ward management and patient follow-up. The authors analyzed the current situation and challenges of day surgeries at an ophthalmic hospital, and presented its practices in building and using the day ophthalmic surgery informationized management system by such information technology means as cloud computation, artificial intelligence and face recognition. This system comprised the day surgery pre-hospitalization management system, Internet platform for wards, follow-up management platform, electronic medical archiving of day surgery, and specialized nursing robot for day surgery process. As compared with the data one year before and after the system in place, the rate of missed surgery, unplanned secondary surgery and patient satisfaction before and after, fell from 2.40% and 0.24% before to 1.00% and 0.08% after. In addition, patient satisfaction increased from 94.5% before to 99.1% after. All the differences were significant statistically( P<0.01). This system can help patients in medical access, and ensure the medical safety and efficiency of day surgeries, serving as a good reference for ophthalmic departments of other hospitals in building their informationized system for ophthalmic day surgeries.

An investigation into the current situation of pediatric psoriasis based on the information systems from two children′s hospitals / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective:To investigate clinical characteristics of pediatric psoriasis based on the information systems from two children′s hospitals.Methods:Clinical data on outpatients confirmly diagnosed with pediatric psoriasis were collected from information systems of Beijing Children′s Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University and Children′s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2019, and a clinical and epidemiological investigation was conducted. Statistical analysis was carried out by using t test and chi-square test. Results:A total of 5 235 children with psoriasis were included, with the ratio of male to female being 1∶1.08. Their age at the clinic visit ( M [ Q1, Q3]) was 8.37 (6.48, 10.50) years, and the school-age children were the most common population; their age at onset was 7.57 (5.37, 9.82) years. Among the 5 235 children with psoriasis, there were 3 195 (60.82%) with psoriasis vulgaris, 281 (5.37%) with pustular psoriasis, 19 (0.36%) with erythrodermic psoriasis, and 1 (0.02%) with psoriatic arthritis. The trunk (87.76%, 1 097/1 250) was most frequently affected, followed by the limbs (87.68%, 1 096/1 250) , the scalp (62.56%, 782/1 250) , and the face and neck (35.76%, 477/1 250) . Among the 5 235 patients, 4 319 (82.50%) received topical treatments, 177 (3.38%) received systemic treatments, and 832 (15.89%) were treated with antibiotics. Among 3 497 children who received initial treatment regimens, the disease could be controlled in 3 423 (97.88%) without change in treatment regimens, while treatment regimens needed to be adjusted in 2.12%. Conclusions:In the two children′s hospitals, most children with psoriasis developed this condition and visited the clinic at school age, and the predominant clinical type was psoriasis vulgaris. Most skin lesions were extensive, and commonly occurred on the trunk and limbs. Scalp involvement was not uncommon. The condition could be controlled by topical treatments in most children with psoriasis, while a few patients needed systemic treatments.

Role of a continuously developed information traceability system in the management of foreign medical instrument packages / 中国基层医药

Objective:To investigate the role of a continuously developed information traceability system in the management of foreign medical instrument packages in central sterile supply department (CSSD).Methods:A total of 350 foreign medical instrument packages processed by CSSD during May to June 2021 in Shenzhen Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences were included in the control group. These packages were managed with the original information traceability system. A total of 375 foreign medical instrument packages processed by CSSD during July to August 2021 in Shenzhen Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences were included in the observation group. These packages were managed with a continuously developed information traceability system. Step-by-step reminding and early warning control were performed according to the problems encountered in actual operation. Quality management indexes of foreign medical instrument packages and the incidence of adverse events were compared between the two groups.Results:The percentages of good cleaning and functional integrity of the foreign medical instrument packages, functional integrity of sterile barrier after sterilization, timely monitoring of biological culture results, standardized handover, postoperative cleaning and detoxification in the observation group were 96.0% (360/375), 98.7% (370/375), 99.5% (373/375), 98.9% (371/375), and 99.7% (374/375), which were significantly higher than those in the control group [84.2% (295/350), 92.6% (325/350), 91.4% (320/350), 89.1% (312/350), 84.9% (297/350), χ2 = 28.48, 15.40, 27.72, 31.80, 58.12, all P < 0.05]. The percentages of instrument breaking, instrument mixed or damaged, wet packages, information label error, oversized and overweighed packages in the observation group were 0.8% (3/375), 0.3% (1/375), 0.8% (3/375), 0.3% (1/375), and 0.5% (2/375), respectively, which were significantly lower than those in the control group [4.3% (15/350), 4.6% (16/350), 3.4% (12/350), 10.0% (35/350), 7.7% (27/350), χ2 = 9.08, 14.65, 6.17, 36.34, 24.31, all P < 0.05]. Conclusion:A continuously developed information traceability system is very important for management of medical instrument processed in CSSD. A developmental traceability system not only continuously improves quality control of foreign medical instrument and decreases the incidence of adverse events, but also increases the responsibility and enthusiasm of staff, thereby ensuring the safety for patients.

IgA nephropathy standard dataset and quality control / 中华肾脏病杂志

Objective:To establish a IgA nephropathy (IgAN) standard dataset for the structured and standardization of IgAN clinical information, which will be beneficial to the integration and utilization of clinical information among different medical institutions. Therefore, the IgAN Expert Collaboration Group composed the "IgA Nephropathy Standard Dataset".Methods:Referring to the domestic information standards, guidelines, data standard and consensus of related fields, based on electronic medical history, the patient identification number was used as the primary key of the system to collect information. By standardizing each data element in the data set, the standardization of the management system in data and information exchange, data collaboration and sharing was ensured, and a quality control system was developed.Results:This standard dataset included 607 data elements and 8 business domains, which were patient information, medical history information, physical examination, laboratory examination, assistant examination, renal pathology, drug treatment, and follow-up, respectively. Each module was composed of module name, data element name, English name, definition, range, reference standard, etc. At the same time, a corresponding quality control system was formulated to evaluate data quality from multiple dimensions such as completeness, standardization, accuracy, timeliness, and security for ensuring the high quality and security of the data.Conclusion:The IgAN standard dataset is established, which will contribute to the structuration and standardization of clinical information of IgAN patients.

Sistema de información Clínico-Hospitalario. Prototipo para indicaciones médicas de volumen y dieta / Hospital-clinical information system: prototype for volume and dietary indications

RESUMEN Introducción: las indicaciones médicas para la dieta del paciente es la terapéutica en la que los alimentos y sus nutrientes se emplean con fines curativos. Estas indicaciones las registra el médico a diario y manualmente, en los modelos oficiales en formato papel de las historias clínicas. Objetivo: desarrollar la arquitectura de información para el proceso de gestión de las Indicaciones Médicas de Volumen y Dieta en las Historias Clínicas. Métodos: se realizó un estudio de investigación-desarrollo tecnológico con el empleo de métodos teóricos y empíricos para realizar un estudio acerca de la evolución y desarrollo del plan de tratamiento de los pacientes hospitalizados en el Hospital Clínico Quirúrgico Docente "León Cuervo Rubio", de la provincia de Pinar del Río. Resultados: se construyó el prototipo de un sistema informatizado para la gestión de la información del registro de las indicaciones médicas de volumen y dieta a pacientes hospitalizados. El prototipo se elaboró de conjunto con el cliente, por lo que satisface sus necesidades y deseos. Conclusiones: se desarrolló la arquitectura de información para la gestión de las indicaciones médicas de volumen y dieta lo que permitirá a los programadores facilitar el análisis de las funcionalidades deseadas por los clientes e implementar una aplicación informática que reemplazará el registro de las indicaciones médicas de volumen y dieta de la historia clínica tradicional, simplificará el trabajo a los profesionales y ofrecerá una mejor atención al paciente.

ABSTRACT Introduction: a medical indication for patient's diet is the therapeutic where the food and nutrients are used with curative purposes. The medical indications are daily and manually recorded in the official models on paper format of the clinical histories. Objective: to develop the architecture of information for the management process of volume and dietary indications in the clinical histories. Methods: a research-technological development study was conducted using theoretical and empirical methods to study the evolution and development of the treatment plan of hospitalized patients at Leon Cuervo Rubio Clinical-surgical-teaching Hospital from Pinar del Rio province. Results: the prototype of a computerized system was built for the management of the information records for the medical indications of volume and diet to hospitalized patients. The prototype was created as a whole with the clients, this way satisfying their needs and desires. Conclusions: the architecture of information for the management of the medical indications concerning volume and diet will allow to the programmers to facilitate the analysis of the desired functionalities for the clients, and implement a computerized application which will replace the register of the medical indications for the volume and diet of the traditional written clinical history, simplifying the working tasks to the healthcare professionals and offering a better care to the patient.

Geographic Distribution of Childhood Cancer in Brazil and the Time between the Diagnosis and the Start of Treatment: An Analysis of Hospital-Based Cancer Registries, 2010-2016

Abstract Objective: To analyze the distribution of childhood cancer in Brazil and the time between the diagnosis and the start of treatment, according to hospital-based cancer registries (2010-2016). Material and Methods: This was an observational descriptive study using secondary data (36,187 records) from hospital databases of the National Cancer Institute (INCA) and the Onco-center Foundation of São Paulo (FOSP). Epidemiological data were obtained, and compliance with Federal Law 12,732/12 was verified, which establishes a maximum period of 60 days to start cancer therapy after the diagnosis. Absolute and percent frequencies, central tendency and dispersion measures, and the coefficient of prevalence of childhood cancer were calculated. Results: The mean age of the pediatric patients was 9.3 years (± 6.2); 54.1% (n=19,586) of them were males; 32.0% (n=11,440) were aged 0 to 4 years; and 43.4% (n=11,338) had a self-reported mixed-race skin color. The Southeast region of Brazil accounted for 40.2% (n=14,564) of the cases, of which 63.0% (n=9,178) corresponded to solid neoplasms, as opposed to the North region, where hematological neoplasms prevailed (53.9%, n=1,535). Most registered patients aged 0 to 19 years were treated in 60 days or less (77%, n=27,929). However, for 24.0% (n = 2,207) of adolescents (15 to 19 years) this time was more than 60 days after the diagnosis. Conclusion: The characteristics related to childhood cancer varied across the Brazilian geographic regions, and most patients were properly treated within the time enforced by law.

Pharmacovigilance of traditional Chinese medicine: an exploration based on prescription sequence analysis and prescription sequence symmetry analysis / 中国中药杂志

Multiple methods should be incorporated into the research on pharmacovigilance of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM for a comprehensive and objective evaluation. The arrival of the era of medical big data allows it to be deeply integrated into medical research. The real world study(RWS) represented by hospital information system(HIS) provides a data basis for exploring the pharmacovigilance of TCM. Prescription sequence analysis(PSA) and prescription sequence symmetry analysis(PSSA) developed based on the former serve as a methodological basis for clinical safety evaluation of Chinese patent medicines after marketing. By collating the related studies of HIS, PSA and PSSA and employing the propensity score matching( PSM) method and nested case-control study(NCCS), this paper formed a HIS-, PSA-and PSSA-based technical system for clinical safety evaluation of Chinese patent medicines in the real world, in order to provide a methodological demonstration for the future research on the pharmacovigilance of TCM.

Exploration and practice of security management of the external connection of hospital information system / 中华医院管理杂志

Under the guidance of national policies on Internet medical services, the scope of medical information services provided by the hospital information system is growing all the way, the interaction with external information is more and more frequent, and the network security risk is higher and higher. The authors analyzed the business types of the hospital′s external information service, the way to connect with the external network and the existing network security problems.Following the principles of information system security level protection 2.0, the authors built a unified extranet secure channel for the hospital under the principles of top-level design, formed an all-round network security protective barrier with strict management measures and technical means, then ensured the stable operation of hospital information system and data security.

Construction and migration practice of " future hospital" information platform based on cloud architecture / 中华医院管理杂志

The " future hospital" information platform based on cloud architecture, through the deep integration of cloud computing, made full use of the high availability and strong scalability provided by the cloud computing platform, constructed an integrated hospital information platform, and realized the transformation and upgrading of the technical framework of hospital information platform in the era of big data, to meet the needs of homogeneous management and innovative service mode. In order to ensure the reliability of network transmission between cloud data center and hospital, and further ensure medical data security and patient privacy while using cloud computing, the " future hospital" information platform was migrated from the virtual private cloud(VPC)of public cloud to the local private cloud platform of the hospital, realized the hybrid cloud architecture mode of " future hospital" information platform with local proprietary cloud platform as the core and combined with public cloud VPC.

Estrategia para la implantación del Sistema XAVIA HIS en instituciones hospitalarias / Strategy to Implant the System XAVIA HIS in Hospital Institutions

El Centro de Informática médica (CESIM) de la Universidad de las Ciencias Informáticas (UCI) desarrolla el Sistema de Información Hospitalaria XAVIA HIS. El éxito en la implantación es de gran importancia para el CESIM, no obstante, los proyectos de implantación se han visto incididos por un conjunto de insuficiencias. El objetivo de la investigación es desarrollar una estrategia que contribuya a aumentar el éxito en la definición del alcance de los proyectos de implantación del sistema XAVIA HIS, en instituciones de salud. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, que incluyó como escenario de aplicación el Centro Nacional de Cirugía de Mínimo Acceso, entre 2015 y 2017. Como resultado se obtuvo una estrategia para la implantación del sistema XAVIA HIS en instituciones de salud, que impacta positivamente en la disminución del tiempo necesario para este fin(AU)

University of Computer Sciences (UCI) develops the XAVIA HIS Hospital Information System. The implement success of the system is of great importance for CESIM, however, this stage have been affected by a set of insufficiencies. The objective of the research is to develop a strategy that contributes to increasing success in defining the scope of projects to implement XAVIA HIS system in health institutions. A descriptive study was carried out, which included as an application scenario the National Center for Minimally Access Surgery, between 2015 and 2017. As a result, a strategy to implement XAVIA HIS system in health institutions was obtained, which positively impacts the decrease of time necessary for this purpose(AU)