ABSTRACT
Autoimmune diseases of the nervous and muscle systems constitute a major disease category in neurology, characterized by high disability and heterogeneity. However, incidences for this group of disorders are still unknown in China at the national level. The emergence of the national Hospital Quality Monitoring System (HQMS) provides comprehensive data for epidemiological studies of rare diseases, and the systematism, accuracy and consistency during data collection of HQMS information provide a unique advantage for the investigation of the incidence of rare diseases. Currently, the incidence of major neurological autoimmune diseases based on HQMS has been accomplished and published. In conjunction with clinical practice and research progress of this field, the incidence studies of multiple sclerosis, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, Guillain-Barré syndrome, and myasthenia gravis are summarized. The completion of survey of disease incidence is instrumental to investigate the prevalence of this group of diseases. Ultimately, the outcome would benefit neurologists as well as health care policy makers.
ABSTRACT
The external evaluation and management of hospital quality are two intimately related aspects of the same phenomenon: the need to improve the quality of health services and provide confidence of this quality to all stakeholders. The objective of this study is to analyze the hospital accreditation programs and ISO 9001 quality management and certification schemes of health institutions, as well as to identify the benefits of each of them, their similarities and differences. Hospital accreditations and ISO 9001 certifications are important instruments to improve the health service quality and to give confidence to the society about the health care provider. Both guide management strategies to improve service quality and patient safety. They differ in some aspects: accreditation is based on the best practices of the quality of the medical assistance and have a more technical character. The ISO 9001 standard is more process oriented and constitutes a suitable framework for incorporating the requirements of hospital accreditation programs and existing international methodologies for risk management in health institutions.
La evaluación externa y la gestión de la calidad hospitalaria son dos aspectos íntimamente relacionados del mismo fenómeno: la necesidad de mejorar la calidad de los servicios de salud y brindar confianza de esta calidad a todas las partes interesadas. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar los programas de acreditación hospitalaria y los sistemas de gestión y certificación de calidad ISO 9001 de las instituciones sanitarias, así como identificar los beneficios de cada uno de ellos, sus similitudes y diferencias. Las acreditaciones hospitalarias y las certificaciones ISO 9001 son instrumentos importantes para mejorar la calidad del servicio de salud y para dar confianza a la sociedad sobre el proveedor de atención médica. Ambos guían las estrategias de gestión para mejorar la calidad del servicio y la seguridad del paciente. Difieren en algunos aspectos: la acreditación se basa en las mejores prácticas de la calidad de la asistencia médica y tiene un carácter más técnico. La norma ISO 9001 está más orientada al proceso y constituye un marco adecuado para incorporar los requisitos de los programas de acreditación hospitalaria y las metodologías internacionales existentes para la gestión del riesgo en las instituciones de salud.
A avaliação externa e a gestão da qualidade hospitalar são dois aspectos intimamente relacionados do mesmo fenómeno: a necessidade de melhorar a qualidade dos serviços de saúde e brindar confiança desta qualidade a todas as partes interessadas. O objetivo deste estudo é analisar os programas de acreditação hospitalar e os sistemas de gestão e certificação de qualidade ISO 9001 das instituições sanitárias, bem como identificar os benefícios da cada um deles, seus similitudes e diferenças. As acreditações hospitalares e as certificações ISO 9001 são instrumentos importantes para melhorar a qualidade do serviço de saúde e para dar confiança à sociedade sobre o provedor de atenção médica. Ambos guiam as estratégias de gestão para melhorar a qualidade do serviço e a segurança do paciente. Diferem em alguns aspectos: a acreditação baseia-se nas melhores práticas da qualidade da assistência médica e tem um carácter mais técnico. A norma ISO 9001 está mais orientada ao processo e constitui um marco adequado para incorporar os requisitos dos programas de acreditação hospitalar e as metodologias internacionais existentes para a gestão do risco nas instituições de saúde.
ABSTRACT
Studying the prescribing audit is that part of the medical audit which seeks to monitor, evaluate and if necessary, suggest modifications in the prescribing practices of medical practitioners. Our objective was to study the Prescription Audit in Out Patient Department of in Multispecialty Hospital in western India. Methods: An Observational study was carried out during the period of 2012-2013. Total 150 prescriptions of Out-patient department were collected, scrutinized and statistically analyzed with Reporting procedures to pharmacy and quality department. We have also considered Statistical Process control (SPC) to provide the guidance on how the process may be improved by reducing variation & to assess the performance of a process. Results: Total 150 patients were evaluated for Prescription Audit, out of which 60% were Male & 40% were Female cases. In the same mainly 13 parameter were assessed according to the checklist provided by the Hospital with total 1950 (150*13) counts; from this 1126 Counts were under compliance, 74 Counts were non-compliance & 750 Counts were not applicable. 50 cases were analyzed for 3 months, showed better compliance rate of prescription audit parameters in February 2013 compared to December 2012, while non-compliance rate in prescription audit was reduced as time progresses. Conclusions: A definite role of clinical pharmacist, in the process control by utilizing SPC during prescription audit. The members of the hospital and Quality committee need to focus on findings of it, which help them during accreditation by regulatory authority.
ABSTRACT
Despite of the potential role of service quality analysis from the beneficiaries’ perspectives in health system strengthening, its use has been limited in the developing world. More so, the analysis of socio-economic and demographic correlates of the perception differentials has been least addressed by the researchers. This study is an attempt to explore the perception of the urbanites regarding quality of health centres in Bhubaneswar, India and its socio-economic correlates. A cross-sectional study was carried out in which, data were collected from a sample of 180 respondents residing in six different types of residential localities of the city and an un-weighted hospital quality index was computed for analyzing the satisfaction level and its differentials, after carrying out the validity and reliability analyses of the index. Urbanites in this study were dissatisfied with many aspects of health care delivery in government health centres, like supply of medicines and availability of appropriate medical equipments. Although most of the respondents (78%) were quite satisfied with the private hospitals, there existed few lacunas to be bridged too. Overall satisfaction level was found to be associated with age (p=.134), migration status (p=.005), education (p=.000), residence type (p=.000), household size (p=.001) and income of the respondents (p=.000). A strong need of strengthening the government health centres was felt and so also taking measures to further improve private hospital quality in the city. There was also a need to address the disparity in health care service provision between slum and non-slum households, at an urgent basis.
Subject(s)
Urban Health , Urban Health Services , IndiaABSTRACT
A assistência prestada nos serviços hospitalares de emergência é o objeto deste artigo, que pretende avaliar as emergências do programa QualiSUS. O estudo é descritivo, com aplicação de questionário aos responsáveis pela emergência de oito hospitais. A superlotação das emergências é constante e as causas apontadas são a baixa resolutividade da atenção básica e a precariedade da rede hospitalar. Seis hospitais não gerenciam a superlotação. A porta de entrada não é organizada e apenas três hospitais fazem classificação de risco. Foram verificadas dificuldades de relacionamento internas e externas, demonstrando um isolamento da emergência em relação à rede e ao próprio hospital. As patologias difíceis de encaminhar para o sistema são as crônicas, neurológicas e sociais. Em relação às equipes, a precariedade dos vínculos dificulta a fixação do profissional e sua qualificação Os profissionais não têm capacitação específica e só um serviço utiliza protocolos. Constatou-se pouca influência do QualiSUS nos hospitais. A falência da rede interfere com a superlotação e com o perfil do paciente atendido. O investimento QualiSUS não pode restringir-se ao hospital. A emergência deve estar mais integrada ao sistema e ao hospital. A capacitação de recursos humanos é imprescindível, assim como a regulação de leitos.
The aid lent by the emergency services is the object of this paper, which aims to assess the emergency service of the QualiSUS program. The study is descriptive with the application of a questionnaire to the responsible of the emergency services in eight hospitals. The emergency services were always overcrowded, and the causes pointed were the low resolutivity of basic attention and the precariousness of the hospital network. Contributing to this there is the primary care decreased resolutivity and the precariousness of the hospital network. Six hospitals do not manage the emergency service. The entrance system is not organized and only three hospitals work with risk classification. All of them refer difficulties with internal and external services. The hardest pathologies to refer to other services are the chronicles, neurological and social. The professionals do not have specific qualification and the precariousness job contracts do not contribute neither for the professional's fixation nor for his qualification. Clinical protocols are used by one service. It was noticed the influence of the QualiSUS in the hospitals. The failure of the health services network interferes with the emergency patient's profile. The investment of the QualiSUS cannot be restrained to the hospital. Emergency should be more integrated to the system and hospital. The qualification of human resources is indispensable as well as the bed's regulation.
Subject(s)
Humans , Emergency Service, Hospital/standards , Quality of Health CareABSTRACT
Objective Investigate the effect of applying clinical pathway on the patients undergoing leiomyoma of uterus. Methods As an experimental group of patients, 50 cases of uterine leiomyoma are treated with clinical pathway. By contrast, another 100 cases are treated with the traditional medical care as control group. Results Waiting time for surgery and hospital stay of the experimental group are less than the control group; and the average hospitalization cost of experimental group is lower than the control group (P< 0.01). Conclusions Application of clinical pathway management will regulate the activities of medical treatment, ensure the quality of health care, improve the feeling of patients, increase efficiency of hospital services, reduce the financial burden of patients, increase the hospital social benefits.
ABSTRACT
O presente estudo avalia as Unidades Hospitalares de Urgência/Emergência e registrou a relação da emergência com usuários, outros serviços do hospital e com a rede assistencial. Abordou a relação entre trabalhadores, a dimensão do seu quadro, formação e vencimentos. Relacionou a infra-estrutura cobrindo aspectos essenciais da organização, onde a assistência foi um dos componentes desse objeto mais amplo. Foi realizado um estudo descritivo com aplicação de questionário para os chefes de serviços, em uma amostra de 30 hospitais. Os depoimentos indicam que a ineficiência da atenção básica e da rede induzem à superlotação (que atingiu 80 por cento dos hospitais), o que deteriora as condições de trabalho e assistência. O déficit de recursos humanos encontrado foi maior que o tecnológico. A precariedade dos vínculos empregatícios foi apontada como fator que dificulta a fixação e qualificação do profissional. Os itens melhor avaliados foram: relacionamento com chefia, confiança e expectativa com o serviço. Os piores foram salários, tamanho de equipe e medicina do trabalho. O investimento em recursos humanos é imprescindível. Há necessidade das políticas públicas articularem intervenções mais efetivas já que as vigentes definem a configuração dos territórios sanitários com suas redes hierarquizadas e solidárias.
This study aimed at the evaluation of urgency/emergency hospital units and recorded the relations of emergency units with users, other hospital services and the healthcare network and approached the size of the teams, the relations among the professionals, their qualification and income. It further describes the infrastructure of these services including basic organizational aspects. The aspect care was one component in this broader object. It is a descriptive study applying a questionnaire to the heads of the emergency services of a sample of 30 hospitals.The statements suggest the overcrowding of emergency services (in 80 percent of hospitals) deteriorating the work and care conditions to be due to the inefficiency of primary care and the healthcare network. The deficit of human resources was found larger than the lack of technology. The precarious employment relations were considered a factor hampering the qualification and retention of professionals. The most favorably evaluated items were: relationship with service heads, trust and expectations with regard to the service. The worst items were: wages, team size and labor medicine. The nvestment in human resources is indispensable. There is a need for public policies that articulate more efficient interventions given that those in force are defining the configuration of territories with their hierarchized and solidary networks.