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En Cuba, el primer departamento de rayos X se inauguró en el año 1907 por Francisco Domínguez Roldán. Poco se divulga un contacto previo durante el siglo XIX, en la guerra hispano-norteamericana. Este artículo describe el uso de los rayos X en la guerra hispano-cubano-norteamericana y su importancia en la historia de la Radiología. Para esta contienda, la parte norteamericana preparó sus barcos hospitales. El ejército habilitó el Relief y el Missouri, mientras que la marina lo hizo con Solace. También se convirtieron en buques hospitales el Olivette y el Bay State. Todos contaban con equipos de rayos X. El capitán Borden publicó un libro en 1900 "El uso de los rayos Roentgen por el departamento médico de la armada estadounidense en la guerra con España (1898)" que marcó un antes y un después en el uso de los rayos X. Este fue un hecho trascendental para la historia de la Radiología y favoreció un avance considerable en la sanidad militar y civil.
In Cuba, the first X-ray department was set up in 1907 by Francisco Domínguez Roldán. Little is reported about a previous contact during the 19th century in the Spanish-Cuban-American war. This article describes the use of X-rays in the Spanish-Cuban-American war and its importance in the history of Radiology. For this war the American side prepared its hospital ships. The Army fitted out the Relief and the Missouri, while the Navy did it with the Solace. The Olivette and the Bay State also became hospital ships. All were equipped with X-ray equipment. Captain Borden published a book in 1900 "The Use of Roentgen Rays by the Medical Department of the U.S. Navy in the War with Spain (1898)" which marked a before and after in the use of X-rays. This was a transcendental fact for the history of Radiology and favored a considerable advance in military and civilian health.
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Objective To analyze the characteristics of “Mission Harmony” overseas medical services and medical consumable requisitions, so as to provide reasonable and scientific advice for preparing future “Mission Harmony”overseas medical consumables and to scientifically and reasonably design the proportions of the medical consumable for each department. Methods A retrospective analysis was made on the person times of medical services, medical consumable requisitions and distribution proportion of medical consumable for each department based on “Mission Harmony-2017” overseas medical services in eight countries and “Mission Harmony-2018” overseas medical services at 18 service sites in 10 countries. Results A total of 110 983 patients received diagnosis and treatment, 587 patients received surgical treatment, and 454 patients were hospitalized during the two missions. Department deployment before departure of the hospital ship was the peak period of medical consumable requisitions (43.80%, 241 543/551 510). The basic medical consumables were mainly applied during the overseas medical services (49.72%, 274 225/551 510). Specialized medical consumables were mainly applied during the department deployment period (11.43%, 63 046/551 510). The medical consumables were mainly applied by the General Department of the Outpatient Department (42.39%, 233 811/551 510), Operation Room (22.99%, 126 784/551 510), and the Ward (9.67%, 53 319/551 510), while Imaging Department was the main auxiliary department to apply (4.19%, 23 085/551 510). During the periods of department deployment and overseas medical services, there were significant differences in basic medical consumables and specialized medical consumables in the General Department, Stomatology Department, Ophthalmology Department, Gynecology Department, Laboratory Department, Special Examination Room, Imaging Department, Sterilization and Supply Department, Operation Room, Ward, and others (all P<0.01). During the department deployment period, the General Department, Gynecology Department, Laboratory Department, Special Examination Room, Operation Room, Ward, and others mainly applied for basic medical consumables, while Stomatology Department, Ophthalmology Department, Imaging Department and Sterilization and Supply Department mainly applied for specialized medical consumables. During the period of overseas medical services, the General Department, Stomatology Department, Ophthalmology Department, Gynecology Department, Laboratory Department, Special Examination Room, Sterilization and Supply department, Operation Room, Ward, and others mainly applied for basic medical consumables, while the Imaging Department mainly applied for specialized medical consumables. Conclusion Different departments have different requisitions on medical consumables at different task stages. It is necessary to strengthen the management of consumables and improve the pertinence of requisition and distribution of consumables. The consumption and distribution proportions of medical consumables in each department can provide reference for the preparation, requisition and distribution for future tasks.
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When providing medical services in infectious disease high-incidence areas such as Africa becomes a routine, the prevention and control of infectious diseases has become an indispensable part of hospital ship mission.“Mission Harmony-2017” provided a 155-day medical service in seven African countries (Djibouti, Sierra Leone, Gabon, Congo [Brazzaville], Angola, Mozambique and Tanzania). We successfully completed the mission through active preparation before the departure, including carefully studying the prevalent trend of infectious diseases in these countries, disease screening and compulsory vaccination and drug prevention, and critical prevention and control during the mission (staff training, health and epidemic prevention and graded precaution). At last we achieved “zero” incidence of infectious diseases among mission personnel during the task. The prevention and control strategies for infectious diseases in this mission can provide experience for all kinds of personnel in areas with high-incidence of infectious diseases in the future.
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Objective To research the location,composition,zoning,flow and combination form of medical system of Model 920 hospital ship, and to provide theoretical support for the design of the hospital ship. Methods The layout of medical system of the hospital ship was constructed based on the theories of ship engineering design,hospital architecture design and naval health service as well as the requirements for height and internal environment of medical system.Results The mode combining multi corridor and single column was used to design 8 operating rooms and accessories in the midship of No.01 deck.Conclusion The multi-corridor single-column combination operating area occupies less ship space resources and the surgical treatment of wounded and sick patients is efficient, which is suitable for the platform of the ship and is worthy of reference for the design of the medical system of the large-scale rescue platform on the sea. [Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2018,39(5):39-43]
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Objective To analyze the clinical efficacy of cataract phacoemulsification combined with implantation of artificial lens for patients with cataract in seven African countries during“Mission Harmony-2017” task. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the data from 51 cataract patients (52 eyes) receiving cataract phacoemulsification combined with implantation of artificial lens between Aug. 2017 and Nov. 2017 on Ark-peace Hospital Ship. The preoperative and 1 d postoperative best-corrected visual acuity and astigmatism were compared, the postoperative ocular recovery was observed, and the intraoperative and postoperative complications were analyzed. Results One day postoperation, 4 (7.7%) of 52 eyes had a best-corrected visual acuity ranging from 0.06 to 0.3, 26 (50.0%) 0.4 to 0.6, and 22 (42.3%) 0.8 to 1.2. Slit-lamp examination showed that 48 eyes (92.3%) had corneal hyaline on 1-3 d after operation, 4 eyes (7.7%) had corneal edema, and 50 eyes (96.2%) had round pupil with diameter being 2.0-3.0 mm, and posterior corneal deposits and Tyndall effect were negative in all eyes. The mean astigmatism of 52 eyes before operation was significantly higher than that on 1 d after operation ([1.13±1.02] D vs [2.67±0.87] D, t=2.365, P<0.05). Posterior capsular rupture and vitreous prolapse occurred in 2 eyes (3.8%), prolapse of iris in 1 eye (1.9%), and progressive pupil reduction in 2 eyes (3.8%) during operation. Corneal edema occurred in 4 eyes (7.7%) on 1 d after operation. Conclusion Cataract phacoemulsification combined with implantation of artificial lens can be safely and effectively performed on Ark-peace Hospital Ship.
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“Ark Peace” is a modern hospital ship for marine medical rescue, and is taken as “the tertiary academic hospital floating on the sea”. It plays an important role in the ocean-going medical support and military diplomacy of the Chinese Navy. Ultrasound diagnosis, as an indispensable part of hospital ship, provides a solid guarantee for medical services. We summarized our experience on the equipment configuration, staff preparation, reporting system improvement, quality control management and introduction of new technologies on hospital ship during “Mission Harmony-2017” task, and put forward some suggestions for improving the comprehensive diagnosis and medical treatment ability and carrying out diversified military tasks in the future.
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Peace Ark Hospital Ship of China and Mercy Hospital Ship of U.S.had their current statuses introduced,and then were compared from the aspects of technical parameter,personnel allocation,running mode and etc.The advantages of Mercy Hospital Ship were described in safety,details and rationality.It's pointed out the hospital ship in China minimize cost of medical resources,optimize medical treatment and nursing as well as maximize medical efficacy.
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Objective To explore the medical equipment management to facilitate the medical support in the hospital ship.Methods The influences and the ship-mounted equipment on medical equipment were analyzed,the requirements of sea conditions for medical equipment management were explored,the hidden risks and present situation of medical equipment were introduced,and some countermeasures were put forward accordingly.Results The problems of equipment management were analyzed in hospital ship,and some countermeasures were brought out including bringing into better balance the relations between various sectors,enhancing personnel,introducing professional talents,trying for the support from the director and etc.Conclusion The safety of hospital medical equipment is of great significance to the hospital ship itself and the patient.Only to strengthen medical equipment management while focusing on the qualified personnel contributes tobetter fulfilling its mission.
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Objective To summarize the characteristics of medical service patterns at Grenada station of Mission Harmony-2015 so as to provide reference for future overseas services in similar island countries .Methods After detailed analysis of actual conditions of the countries visited and efficient communication with host country health organizations , we made an appropriate adjustment of the medical service pattern , which involved multi-site screening of general patients , followed by intensive checkups and treatment aboard the hospital ship .Results The procedure of diagnosis and treatment was streamlined and the efficacy of medical services was significantly enhanced to meet the maximum medical demand of local residents.Grenada became a station with the largest number of patients who received top-quality fee-free healthcare during Mission Harmony-2015 .Conclusion Adjustment of medical service patterns according to the actual conditions could deliver a desired effect during overseas missions .
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On Sept 7, 2015, Chinese hospital ship Ark Peace left its home-port in Zhoushan, Zhejiang Province, forHarmony Mission-2015, the fifth in a series of annual international humanitarian and free medical assistance endeavors by the PLA Navy.This mission lasted 142 days, involving a visit to Malaysia and participation in Peace Friendship-2015 exercise,before she was dispatched to seven countries (regions) including Australia, Polynesia, USA, Mexico, Barbados, Grenada, Peru and provided a wide range of medical , humanitarian assistance to the last four countries .A total of 12 589 patients were treated on the main platform , 4852 patients by the 29 fore-lying medical corps , 59 surgeries performed , 46 patients hospitalized ,and 7130 CT and DR et al auxiliary examinations conducted during four mission stops .We organized academic exchanges , visits and interviews , get-togethers , dynamic and static exhibitions in each country .The experience from Harmony mission-2015is of great significance for such tasks in the future .
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During the Peace Friendship-2015and Harmony Misson-2015, the medical personnel aboard the hospital ship performed extensive medical exchanges , medical service shows ,and skill training many times and visited some local medical institutions .The exchanges involved war wound , seawater-immersion wound, drill wound, common disease, infectious disease .This paper gave an account of characteristics of and specific methods used in oversea medical exchanges . The experience from these visits and afterthoughts were presented in order to contribute to medical exchanges of this kind in the future.
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During the mission of Peace friendship-2015, between September 2015 and January 2016,the Chinese Navy hospital ship respectively participated in the Harmony-2015joint military exercise in Malaysia and with the local military of Polynesia and Barbados .The article summarized the relevant background of the joint military exercise and the main practices in various stages .This article also suggests that the emergency platform be moved forward , the function of the triage area be expanded, basic life support(BLS),advanced cardiovascular life support (ACLS),and advanced trauma life support(ATLS) training programs be introduced, the training model and the test system be innovated , and realistic traumatic conditions be designed in order to guarantee the success of the joint exercise .
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The clinical laboratory equipment on hospital ship was introduced, whose status and common faults were analyzed during Philippines humanitarian medical rescue mission and 3 times of Mission of Harmony. The experience was summarized for the maintenance of the clinical laboratory equipment. The problems and countermeasures were proposed for the clinical laboratory equipment.
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This article gave a detailed account of the practice and characteristics of medical support training in U.S. Navy hospital ship MERCY.We compared the details of medical support training in this ship with those in the Chinese Na-vy hospital ship Ark Peace.We offered suggestions as follows:①During the future medical support training on board, we should regard training procedures and medical techniques as equally important.②We should establish an examination and evaluation team for the medical staff during the training.③We should establish selection standards for significant missions and conduct routine evaluation of the medical staff aboard the hospital ship.
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Objective To upgrade the satisfactory degree of foreign patients by persistently improving medical treatment quality aboard hospital ship.Methods To choose 3 days and 30 foreign cases who accepted ultramarine medical treatment on hospital ship.All the cases were Pakistani or Bangladeshi.Cases were assigned into 3 kinds of queuing program and investigated the satisfactory degree using self-made questionnaire.The program of highest satisfactory degree was used in the next 3 countries.Results Analysis showed that waiting time for preliminary diagnosis,examination and total waiting time were significantly different between program C and A; waiting time for preliminary diagnosis,examination and total waiting time were significantly different between program B and A,but time for return visit increased in program B compared to that of program A.Degree of satisfaction:70.0％～76.7％ for program A,73.3％～80.0％ for program B,96.7％～100.0％ for program C.Conclusions Program C is the best method to shorten waiting time,improve order and upgrade the satisfactory degree.This research has a significant value in the enhancement of efficiency aboard hospital ship and improvement of foreign patients' satisfactory degree.
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Objective To design and implement a dynamic simulation system for medical treatments on hospital ship, the application of which can provide evidence for the tactical and technical index of the equipment and the research on medical treatments. Methods Queuing theory and discrete events imitation methods were applied to make research on how to simulate random arrival of the sick and wounded of corresponding various random pattern, organizing of medical resources and medical treatments as well as procedures and rules of medical treatments by means of establishing overall system mathematics model on condition that the amount of the wounded and different distribution of wound type was given. Results The process data and outcome data of medical treatments such as passing ratio were achieved under different running circumstances in the given time. Conclusions The system can imitate the large-scale medical treatment process which can rarely implement many times in reality, meet different needs flexibly, and provide optimization foundation to medical resources configuration on medical ships.