ABSTRACT
Resumo A atenção hospitalar tem sido responsável por parte do aumento de custos em saúde. Países adequaram suas políticas para o setor hospitalar, concentrando a atenção em centros de maior porte, após estudos dos anos 1990 demonstrarem que hospitais menores de 200 leitos apresentam redução da eficiência. Em 2017 existiam no Brasil 6.787 hospitais, sendo 62,3% deles com menos de 50 leitos. O presente estudo avaliou a Política Nacional para os Hospitais de Pequeno Porte (PNHPP), publicada em 2004, e seu impacto no setor hospitalar brasileiro. A adesão à PNHPP ocorreu em 12 dos 27 estados brasileiros. Na ausência de diretrizes que privilegiassem a integralidade das ações, com hospitais inseridos em uma rede, a municipalização gerou a pulverização da atenção hospitalar. Este foi o modo encontrado pelos gestores municipais para o atendimento às necessidades de saúde. Houve aumento dos hospitais municipais, com redução de porte, chegando à média de 50 leitos/hospital. A reversão desse cenário envolve ações que passam por políticas indutoras de qualificação da atenção hospitalar até o entendimento de que as quase 5.000 unidades hospitalares de pequeno porte existentes no país configuram um amplo conjunto a ser estudado em profundidade, subdividindo-o em grupos menores, com vocações distintas.
Abstract Hospital care accounts for part of increased health care costs. Countries have adapted their public policies to the hospital sector, focusing on larger centers, after studies of the 1990s have shown that hospitals with less than 200 beds have reduced efficiency. A total of 6,787 hospitals in Brazil were recorded in 2017, 62.3% of which had less than 50 beds. This study evaluated the National Policy for Small-sized Hospitals (PNHPP) published in 2004, and its impact on the Brazilian hospital sector. Twelve of the 27 states adhered to the PNHPP. In the absence of policies to induce the establishment of a networked hospital system, favoring comprehensive actions, the municipalization pulverized hospital care. Municipal managers believed that this was the best path to meet health needs. The number of municipal hospital units increased and their size was reduced, reaching a mean capacity of 50 beds per hospital. The reversal of this scenario involves policies that induce the qualification of hospital care until the understanding that the almost 5,000 small-sized hospital units in the country are a broad set to be studied, subdividing it into smaller groups, with different specialties.
Subject(s)
Humans , Hospitals , BrazilABSTRACT
PURPOSE: The significance of hospital volume remains inconsistent and controversial. In particular, few studies have examined whether hospital volume is associated with the outcome of gastrectomy for gastric cancer in East Asia. This study examined the effect of hospital volume on the short-term surgical and long-term oncological outcomes of patients undergoing curative gastrectomy for gastric cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between 2009 and 2011, 1,561 patients underwent curative gastrectomy for gastric cancer at Seoul St. Mary's Hospital (n=1,322) and Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital (n=239). We defined Seoul St. Mary's Hospital as a high-volume center and Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital as a low-volume center. RESULTS: The extent of resection, rate of combined resection, tumor stage, operating time, and hospital stay did not differ significantly between the 2 hospitals. In addition, the hospital volume was not significantly associated with the 30-day morbidity and mortality. When the overall and disease-free survival rates of the patients were stratified according to stage, hospital volume was not significantly associated with prognosis at any stage. CONCLUSIONS: Hospital volume might not be a decisive factor with respect to the surgical and oncological outcomes of patients if well-trained surgeons perform gastrectomy for gastric cancer.