ABSTRACT
Resumo: Introdução: A educação médica no Brasil atravessa um momento de grande transformação que requer adaptações e novos modelos de ensino. Diante da velocidade com que novas informações na área da saúde são produzidas, a incorporação das tecnologias digitais na prática educacional torna-se imprescindível, possibilitando a interação virtual e o acesso às bases de dados remotas. A associação entre as tecnologias digitais e as metodologias ativas, que promovem a autonomia dos estudantes e o desenvolvimento do pensamento crítico-reflexivo, implica novos desafios no contexto da educação em tempos de pandemia. Este ensaio analisa o uso de tecnologias digitais na educação médica e de saúde, destacando sua associação com as principais formas de metodologias ativas e os desafios da educação por acesso remoto, no contexto da pandemia da Covid-19. Desenvolvimento: Devido às medidas de distanciamento físico e de interrupção de atividades educacionais presenciais, as instituições de ensino vivenciaram mudanças drásticas com a necessidade de rápida adaptação na tentativa de atenuar os impactos da pandemia no ensino. O uso de ferramentas digitais como plataformas virtuais e o acesso remoto (síncronos e assíncronos) foram algumas das estratégias amplamente utilizadas. O levantamento de potenciais desafios na associação entre metodologias ativas e ensino remoto foi tratado de modo a problematizar o processo educacional em tempos de pandemia. Conclusão: A pandemia da Covid-19 evidenciou a necessidade de inovação nos métodos de ensino-aprendizagem e acelerou a utilização das tecnologias digitais e a adaptação a elas. A associação dessas tecnologias com metodologias ativas tornou-se um novo desafio para docentes e estudantes, e requer estudos adicionais sobre eficácia e implicações do ensino remoto na formação de futuros profissionais da saúde.
Abstract: Introduction: Medical education in Brazil is going through a time of great transformation that requires adaptations and new teaching models. Given the speed with which new information in the health area is produced, the incorporation of digital technologies in educational practice becomes essential, enabling virtual interaction and access to remote databases. The association between digital technologies and active methodologies, which promote student autonomy and the development of critical-reflective thinking, entails new challenges in education. This essay analyzes the use of digital technologies in medical and health education, highlighting their association with the main forms of active methodologies and the challenges of remote education, in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic. Development: Due to social distancing measures and the interruption of in-person educational activities, educational institutions have experienced drastic changes with the need for rapid adaptation to mitigate the impacts of the pandemic on education. The use of digital tools such as virtual platforms and remote access (synchronous and asynchronous) were widely used strategies. Potential challenges in the association between active methodologies and remote learning were investigated to problematize the educational process during the pandemic. Conclusion: The Covid-19 pandemic highlighted the need for innovation in teaching-learning methods and accelerated the use and adaptation to digital technologies. The association of these technologies with active methodologies has become a new challenge for teachers and students and further studies are required on the effectiveness and implications of remote learning for the training of future health professionals.
ABSTRACT
Este estudio cualitativo explora la percepción docente sobre los cambios educativos y las medidas sanitarias acaecidas por la pandemia COVID-19, en el marco del "Intercambio internacional de experiencias docentes" llevado a cabo de manera virtual sincrónica por la Universidad Continental del Perú en 2021. La técnica de análisis de la información fue la categorización, a partir de las concepciones de los 15 ponentes, quienes para efectos de la investigación fueron considerados como informantes clave. Al contrastar la triangulación de estos hallazgos con los referentes teóricos, se desarrollaron las teorías emergentes: 1). Los eventos sanitarios globales tienen un efecto catalizador en las dinámicas institucionales de la sociedad. Esta causalidad se ejemplifica en la correlación cronología de las olas pandémicas de COVID-19 y la evolución en los modelos educativos ecuatorianos: inicialmente, la migración a la virtualidad debido a la emergencia sanitaria, la alta morbilidad y el temor de fallecer en la primera ola; posteriormente, la implementación de la educación híbrida debido a la flexibilización de las medidas de contención y la adherencia a las medidas de autocuidado de la segunda y tercera ola; por último, el retorno a la presencialidad en la nueva normalidad pospandémica. 2). La masificación del uso tecnológico durante la pandemia COVID-19 afianzó el alcance de la confianza digital, permitiendo el desarrollo de interacciones positivas en los sistemas educativos, pero ambiguas en el contexto sanitario, marcadas por la infodemia. Es necesario promover estrategias que vinculen la tecnología y la salud. 3). El sistema educativo ecuatoriano debe tener la capacidad de enfrentar contingencias sanitarias actuales y futuras, mediante el fortalecimiento de los sistemas virtuales y las modalidades híbridas, la reducción de las brechas tecnológicas y educativas, el desarrollo de competencias docentes en pro de la calidad educativa, y la inversión en espacios físicos seguros para evitar el contagio(AU)
This qualitative study explores the teaching perception of educational changes and health measures brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic, within the framework of the "International Exchange of Teaching Experiences" carried out virtually synchronously by the Continental University of Peru in 2021. The information analysis technique was categorization, based on the conceptions of the 15 speakers, who for the purposes of the investigation were considered key informants. By contrasting the triangulation of these findings with the theoretical references, the emerging theories were developed:1). Global health events have a catalytic effect on the institutional dynamics of society. This causality is exemplified in the chronological correlation of the COVID-19 pandemic waves and the evolution in Ecuadorian educational models: initially, the migration to virtuality due to the health emergency, high morbidity, and the fear of dying in the first wave. ; subsequently, the implementation of hybrid education due to the relaxation of containment measures and adherence to self-care measures of the second and third waves; finally, the return to face-to-face attendance in the new post-pandemic normality. 2). The massification of technological use during the COVID-19 pandemic strengthened the scope of digital trust, allowing the development of positive interactions in educational systems, but ambiguous in the health context, marked by the infodemic. It is necessary to promote strategies that link technology and health. 3). The Ecuadorian educational system must have the capacity to face current and future health contingencies, through the strengthening of virtual systems and hybrid modalities, the reduction of technological and educational gaps, the development of teaching skills in favor of educational quality, and investment in safe physical spaces to avoid contagion(AU)