ABSTRACT
Aims: Previous research on whether Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)/HIV coinfection alters the natural history of HIV disease progression shows conflicting findings. The aim of this study is to investigate whether HCV/HIV coinfection has an adverse effect on the outcome of a CD4+ count < 200 cells/μL in HIV-positive adults. Study Design: A retrospective longitudinal study. Place and Duration of Study: Royal University Hospital and West Side Community Clinic in Saskatoon, Canada. Individuals were diagnosed with HIV between January 1, 2005 and September 1, 2011. Methodology: Data were collected using medical charts. CD4+ count was dichotomized into a binary variable (1 for CD4+ count < 200; 0 for ≥ 200). Independent t-tests or Wilcoxon test, and Chisquare tests were used to compare quantitative and qualitative variables between groups, respectively. The risk factors for CD4+ count < 200 were determined using Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) marginal logistic regression model. Analysis was done by SAS 9.4 and P<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: Among 369 patients, 48.5% were female, 72.1% were Aboriginals, 82.4% were HCV/HIVcoinfected and 77.4% had history of Injection Drug Use (IDU) at diagnosis. The mean age at diagnosis was 35.5 years. In univariate GEE logistic regression model, patients with coinfection of HCV/HIV, Aboriginals ethnicity, ever use of Antiretroviral Therapy (ART), social assistance, older age, and higher viral load at baseline were significantly more likely to have CD4+ count < 200. In multivariate model, HCV/HIV coinfection, age, and ART were associated with CD4+ count < 200. Patients with HCV/HIV coinfection, older age, and ever use of ART had significantly higher odds of having CD4+ count < 200 (adjusted odds ratios 2.21, 1.48, and 2.70 respectively). Conclusions: HCV/HIV-coinfected patients were significantly more likely to have CD4+ count < 200. Results support earlier treatment of HCV and HIV as well as increased monitoring for coinfected individuals.
ABSTRACT
This study was carried out from January 2006 to December 2008 in the rural district of Andhra Pradesh, India. It included counselling and spreading of awareness encouraging voluntary Human Immunovirus testing in antenatal cases and starting prophylactic treatment of seropositive cases with nevirapine for safe deliveries and for preventing the mother to child transmission with distinct improvement effectively.
ABSTRACT
Se evaluó la prevalencia de coinfección virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH)- Trypanosoma cruzi ( T. cruzi) en pacientes atendidos en un centro asistencial de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Se realizó un análisis retrospectivo de las historias clínicas de 602 individuos VIH positivos. Sólo en el 51,3% de estos pacientes se había investigado la presencia de T. cruzi. La prevalencia global de coinfección fue del 4,2%, siendo más elevada en usuarios de drogas inyectables (UDI) (8,9% vs. 2,6%, p<0,05). Sobre la base de estos resultados, concluimos que debería enfatizarse el cumplimiento de la indicación de diagnóstico para la enfermedad de Chagas en pacientes VIH positivos, especialmente en UDI.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)- Trypanosoma cruzi co-infection in a Buenos Aires health center. A retrospective analysis of the clinical charts of 602 HIV-infected patients was performed. Only 51.3% of the patients were evaluated against T. cruzi. The global co-infection prevalence was 4.2%, being more frequent among injectable drug users (IDU) (8.9% vs. 2.6%, p<0.05). The indication of T. cruzi testing should be stressed for HIV-infected patients, especially in those centers where IDU are assisted.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Chagas Disease/complications , Chagas Disease/epidemiology , HIV Infections/complications , HIV Infections/epidemiology , Substance Abuse, Intravenous/complications , Substance Abuse, Intravenous/epidemiology , Argentina , Prevalence , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
Intravenous (IV) drug abuse is one of important transmission modes of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. IV drug abuse in HIV epidemics is frequent in western countries. In Korea, however, no case has been definitely identified although possibility of such infection route does exist considering rising number of IV drug use (IDU). Recently, we have experienced a case of HIV infection by IDU. We herein offer the case with review of literature.
Subject(s)
HIV Infections , HIV , Korea , Substance Abuse, Intravenous , Substance-Related DisordersABSTRACT
Intravenous (IV) drug abuse is one of important transmission modes of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. IV drug abuse in HIV epidemics is frequent in western countries. In Korea, however, no case has been definitely identified although possibility of such infection route does exist considering rising number of IV drug use (IDU). Recently, we have experienced a case of HIV infection by IDU. We herein offer the case with review of literature.