Laparoscopic Deloyers Procedure as a Salvage Technique for Colorectal Anastomosis: An Alternative to Total Colectomy

Introduction: The Deloyers procedure is a valuable technique used in reconstructing bowel transit following an extended left colectomy, a Hartmann-type colostomy, or repeated colon resections. It enables the creation of a tension-free colorectal or coloanal anastomosis. Case presentation: A 60-year-old female patient presented for consultation regarding the closure of a colostomy. Her medical history included segmental colectomy of the sigmoid and descending colon, resulting in a Hartmann-type colostomy due to complicated diverticulitis. The patient underwent laparoscopic surgery, during which a segment of the transverse colon with a short mesocolon was identified. Due to the complete release of the colon, a colorectal anastomosis could not be performed. As an alternative to preserving the ileocecal valve and achieving a tension-free colorectal anastomosis, the patient underwent the Deloyers procedure. Discussion: The Deloyers procedure involves tension-free anastomosis between the right colon and the rectum or anus. It includes complete mobilization and a 180° counterclockwise rotation of the hepatic angle and the right colon. The right and middle colic vessels are divided, while preserving the ileocolic pedicle and the ileocecal valve, thus avoiding the need for total colectomy and ileorectal anastomosis, which may yield unsatisfactory functional outcomes. Conclusion: The Deloyers procedure represents a viable alternative to ileorectal or ileoanal anastomosis, offering satisfactory functional outcomes.

Introducción: el procedimiento de Deloyers es una técnica útil en la reconstrucción del tránsito intestinal posterior a una colectomía izquierda ampliada, colostomía tipo Hartmann o resecciones colónicas iterativas, pues asegura una anastomosis colorrectal o coloanal sin tensión. Presentación del caso: una mujer de 60 años acudió a consulta para el cierre de una colostomía, con antecedente de colectomía segmentaria del sigmoides y colon descendente derivada con colostomía tipo Hartmann por diverticulitis complicada. Fue llevada a cirugía laparoscópica, en la que se encontró un segmento de colon transverso con meso corto y al liberarse completamente no se logró realizar la anastomosis colorrectal, por lo que se decidió realizar el procedimiento de Deloyers como alternativa para conservar la válvula ileocecal y obtener la anastomosis colorrectal libre de tensión. Discusión: el procedimiento de Deloyers consiste en la unión del colon derecho y recto o ano libre de tensión después de realizar la movilización completa y rotación de 180° en sentido antihorario del ángulo hepático y el colon derecho, en el que se seccionan los vasos cólicos derecho y medio, con preservación del pedículo ileocólico y la válvula ileocecal, para evitar la necesidad de una colectomía total y una anastomosis ileorrectal, para la cual los resultados funcionales pueden ser insatisfactorios. Conclusión: el procedimiento de Deloyers es una alternativa viable a la anastomosis ileorrectal o ileoanal con resultados funcionales satisfactorios.

Cistoadenoma mucinoso de la válvula ileocecal: tumoración intestinal infrecuente en un niño de 1 año. Reporte de caso / Mucinous cystadenoma of the ileocecal valve. Uncommon intestinal tumor in a oneyear-old boy. Case report

RESUMEN El cistoadenoma mucinoso se encuentra usualmente en el ovario, páncreas y el apéndice, pero su presentación en el intestino es extremadamente rara. En este reporte de caso, presentamos a un niño con obstrucción parcial intestinal debido a un cistoadenoma mucinoso en la válvula ileocecal. En la cirugía se retiró el íleo terminal, válvula ileocecal, ciego y apéndice, seguido de anastomosis ileocecal. El paciente evolucionó favorablemente en el postoperatorio y se recuperó sin contratiempos. A nuestro entender, este es el primer reporte de presentación de este tumor en dicha localización.

ABSTRACT Mucinous cystadenoma is usually found in the ovary, pancreas and appendix but its presentation in the intestine is extremely rare. In this case report we present an infant with partial intestinal occlusion due to a mucinous cystadenoma of the ileocecal valve. We performed an excision of the terminal ileum, ileocecal valve, cecum and appendix, followed by ileocolic anastomosis. The patient did well after the procedure and recovered uneventfully. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of this tumor in this location.

Clinical analysis of 134 patients with ileocecal disease / 重庆医学

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and diagnosis and treatment of ileocecal disease.Methods The general data,clinical manifestations,imaging examinations,colonoscopy and pathological examination and diagnosis of 134 patients in our hospital with ileocecal disease from September 2009 to March 2016 were collected.The clinical characters were summarized by retrospective analysis.Results A total of 134 cases with ileocecal disease were collected,and 36(26.87％)of them were ileocecal cancer,30(22.39％)of them were inflammatory bowel disease,26(19.40％)of them were intestinal tuberculosis.The main clinical manifestations of ileocecal lesion were abdominal pain,abdominal distention,diarrhea,bloody stool,etc.The colonoscopy imaging showed mucosal hyperemia,edema,erosion,ulcer and tumors on the intestinal tract.The benign lesions mainly showed ulcer with mucosal erosion and edema,and the ileocecal cancer showed neoplasm.CT examination was the common imaging method,and 93(69.40％)cases got tested.49 cases had operation,in which 7 cases had misdiagnosed before operation,and the rate of misdiagnosis was 14.28％.Conclusion The ileocecal disease is mainly benign lesions,and the process of diagnosis is complex;the rate of misdiagnosis is a little high.

Clinical value of water exchange colonoscopy / 中华消化内镜杂志

Objective To compare sedated water exchange and conventional colonoscopy in the recovery time,rates of reaching ileocecal valve and adenoma detection.Methods A total of 200 newly diagnosed patients undergoing colonoscopy with routine bowel preparation and propofol intravenous anesthesia were randomly divided into 2 groups:water exchange group (WE) and conventional group,100 patients in each group.The operations were performed by two experienced physicians.The recovery time,rates of reaching ileocecal valve and adenoma detection of each group were analyzed and compared after operation.Results The recovery times of patients in water exchange and conventional groups were 8.08±0.58 min and 12.34±0.72 min,respectively (F =2 147.33,P＜ 0.05).Rates of reaching ileocecal valve were 100.00％(100/100,WE group) and 96.00％ (96/100,conventional group),respectively(x2 =4.17,P＜0.05).Adenoma detection rates of whole colon were 43.00％ (43/100,WE group) and 29.00％ (29/100,conventional group) (x2=4.25,P＜0.05),of which small adenomas (＜ 1.0 cm) accounted for 83.96％ (89/106,WE group) and 70.59％ (48/68,conventional group) (x2 =4.43,P ＜ 0.05),respectively.Adenoma detection rates of proximal colon were 28.00％ (28/100,WE group) and 20.00％ (20/100,conventional group) (x2 =1.75,P＞ 0.05),of which small adenomas (＜ 1.0 cm) accounted for 90.41％ (66/73,WE group) and 74.47％ (35/47,conventional group) (x2 =5.45,P ＜ 0.05),respectively.Conclusion Water exchange colonoscopy can not only shorten the recovery time of patients,but also increase rates of reaching ileocecal valve and adenoma detection.

Resultados clínicos y funcionales de la cecoproctoplastia con rotación anti horaria - Experiencia preliminar / Clinical and functional results of the ceco proctoplasty with anti clockwise rotation - Preliminary experience

Introducción: la colectomía subtotal con anastomosis cecorrectal o cecoproctoplastia, es una alternativa a la colectomía total con anastomosis ileorrectal; permite conservar el íleon distal, válvula ileocecal y el ciego preservando las importantes funciones de absorción. El objetivo del trabajo es observar los resultados clínicos y funcionales post operatorios de la cecoproctoplastia. Materiales y Métodos: los pacientes seleccionados con promedio de 57 años de edad, fueron 3 (tres) casos de diverticulosis colónica complicada, 2 (dos) casos con hemorragia y 1 (uno) con diverticulitis, 1 (uno) caso de angiodisplasias múltiples y 1 (uno) caso de cáncer de colon sigmoides, adenocarcinoma bien diferenciado T2 N0 M0, todos fueron sometidos a colonoscopia y en cuatro de ellos se efectuó enema opaco y todos presentaban válvula ileocecal continente. La técnica, sigue la propuesta de Zinzidohoue. Resultados: no se registraron mortalidad ni complicaciones mayores. Los resultados funcionales en relación a la cantidad y característica de las deposiciones diarias al año del postoperatorio, todos los pacientes presentaron 2 a 3 deposiciones diarias. Discusión: en 1998, Zinzidohoue propuso una modificación a la técnica de Deloyers en la colectomía subtotal con conservación de la unión ileocecal, que preserva la continuidad anastomosando el ciego al muñón rectal. Esta técnica, representa actualmente una alternativa a la colectomía total con anastomosis ileorrectal considerado a menudo como insatisfactorio debido a la alta frecuencia de diarrea y alto índice obstrucción del intestino delgado. Conclusión: nuestra experiencia preliminar, nos permite afirmar que la cecoproctoplastia es una técnica aconsejable en seleccionados casos, representa una alternativa a la ileoproctoanastomosis por sus resultados clínicos y funcionales satisfactorio.

Background: subtotal colectomy with cecorrectal anastomosis or cecoproctoplasty is an alternative to total colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis. It allows keeping the distal ileon, the ileocaecal valve and the cecum, preserving important absorption functions. This work is aimed to evaluate the postoperative clinical and functional outcomes from cecoproctoplasty technique. Materials and methods: five patients with a mean age of 57 years old were selected. Three of them were suffering from complicated colonic diverticulitis, 2 with hemorrhage and 1 with diverticulitis; 1 case of multiple angiodysplasia and 1 with sigmoid colon cancer, well-differentiated adenocarcinoma T2N0M0. All of them undergone colonoscopy, in 4 of them were performed x ray with barium enema. All patients presented good continence of the ileocaecal valve. The technique is based on the proposal of Zinzidohoue. Results: there was no mortality and no postoperative complication. Functional outcomes regarding the number and characteristics of mean daily stool frequency over a year was 2-3. Discussion: by 1998, Zinzidohoue proposed a Deloyers’ technique modification in subtotal colectomy with ileocaecal junction conservation, which keeps the continuity, joining the cecum to the rectal stump. This technique represents an alternative to total colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis. It is often considered as unsatisfactory because of the high rate of diarrhea and small intestine obstruction. Conclusion: our preliminary experience allows us to state that cecoproctoplasty is a recommended technique in selected cases. It represents an alternative to ileorectal anastomosis because of its satisfactory clinical and functional results.

Diagnosis of ileocecal valve syndrome by ultrasound / 中华医学超声杂志（电子版）

Objective To discuss the clinical value of transabdominal sonography after bowl preparation in diagnosis of ileocecal valve syndrome ( IVS) .Methods The ultrasonic features of IVS in 37 cases were summerized and correlated with the follow-up findings after conservative treatment or the pathologic results after operation .Twenty-eight cases were confirmed by follow-up and 9 cases by operative pathology.Results Among the 37 cases of IVS,28 were idiopathic IVS (75.7%,28/37) and 9 were secondary IVS (24.3%, 9/37%).For the secondary cases, the primary diseases included 5 acute appendicitis,2 Meckel diverticulum,1 terminal ileitis and 1 carcinoma of ascending colon .The diagnostic accuracy rate of ultrasound was 89.2%(33/37).Misdiagnosis rate was 10.8%(4/37),including 1 case of idiopathic and 3 cases of secondary IVS .The IVS ultrasonic images coulde be displayed clearly using 7.0-10.0 MHz probes.In fasting examination,three ultrasonic characteristic signss were found in interminal ileum region at the right lower abdomen .And these features were bagel-shaped sign [91.9%(34/37),average size (1.9 ±1.6) cm ×(0.8 ±0.3) cm],short sleevelet-shaped sign [91.9% (34/37,average size (2.1 ± 0.4)cm ×(1.3 ±0.2) cm],and rose-shaped sign [83.8% (31/37),average size (1.4 ±0.2) cm × (1.0 ±0.2) cm].The shapes of some signs were changeable when the probe compressed .In the case of idiopathic IVS ,several pathologic changes could be seen on sonography after intestinal tract filling of oral 20%mannitol,including slight thickened mucosa and submucosa of erminalileum ,enlarged ieocecal valve and the crocodile-mouth sign.Conclusions Transabdominal ultrasonic examination with high frequency probe after bowl preparation plays an important role in diagnosis of IVS .The method is simple and accurate and should be recommended and applied clinically .

Análise da diversidade da microbiota intestinal de ratos submetidos à ressecção da valva ileocecal e criação de esfíncter artificial / Analysis of the diversity of the intestinal microbiota of rats subjected to resection of the ileocecalvalve and creation of artificial sphincter

OBJETIVO: analisar através de biologia molecular a diversidade da microbiota da junção ileocecal antes e após a ressecção da válvula ileocecal e reconstrução do trânsito com e sem a criação de "neoesfíncter". MÉTODOS: Os animais foram distribuídos em dois grupos: Grupo A (n=7) com ressecção da válvula ileocecal e anastomose ileocólica término-terminal em plano único, e Grupo B (n=7) com ressecção da válvula ileocecal e anastomose ileocólica término-terminal em plano único e confecção do esfíncter artificial. Reoperados com 20 dias coletou-se novamente conteúdo intraluminar do íleo e do cólon. Das amostras coletadas, extraiu-se DNA para reação de PCR-DGGE. Os padrões de bandas eletroforéticas , gerados na reação, foram submetidos ao programa Bionumerics para análise da similaridade e da diversidade da microbiota. RESULTADOS: a diversidade da microbiota foi maior e em mais amostras do íleo do que as do cólon. O grupo com a válvula apresentou os maiores valores e variações no cólon de 2,11 a 2,93. Em três animais de cada grupo estabeleceu-se comparação da similaridade e não se assemelharam ao controle. CONCLUSÃO: a ressecção da válvula ileocecal levou à mudanças da microbiota ileal e, com a criação de novo esfíncter, as variações foram maiores.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze, through molecular biology, the diversity of the intestinal microbiota before and after resection of the ileocecal junction and reconstruction of intestinal transit with and without the creation of a neosphincter. METHODS: Fourteen Wistar rats were divided into two groups: Group A (n = 7), submitted to resection of the ileocecal valve and end-to-end, single-layer ileocolic anastomosis; and Group B (n = 7) with resection of the ileocecal valve and end-to-end, single-layer ileocolic anastomosis followed by construction of an artificial sphincter. Intraluminal contents were collected from both groups. The animals were reoperated 20 days after the first procedure, with new collection of intraluminal contents of the ileum and colon. From the samples collected, DNA was extracted for PCR-DGGE. The electrophoretic banding patterns generated in the reaction were analyzed for similarities and diversities of the microbiota. RESULTS: The diversity of microorganisms was larger and in more samples when collected from the ileum than from the colon. The group with the neosphincter showed the highest variation in the colon, from 2.11 to 2.93. In three animals from each group was established comparing the similarity and not resembled the control. CONCLUSION: ileocecal resection led to changes in ileal microbiota and, with the creation of new sphincter, the changes were even greater.

Primera enteroscopia de doble balón por vía oral total realizada en Cuba / First double-baloon oral enteroscopy carried out in Cuba

Se presenta un paciente atendido en el Departamento de Endoscopia Digestiva del Instituto de Gastroenterología, al que se le realizó enteroscopia de doble balón por vía oral. Se logró la exploración de totalidad del intestino delgado mediante la intubación de la válvula ileocecal por vía anterógrada, se exploraron los primeros centímetros del colon derecho. No se presentaron complicaciones y la enteroscopia se realizó en un tiempo total de 115 min. No se ha reportado hasta el momento en el país, la exploración total del intestino delgado mediante esta novedosa técnica...

This is the case of a patient came to Digestive Endoscopy Department of the Gastroenterology Institute, who undergoes an oral double-baloon enteroscopy and exploration of whole small bowel, intubation of ileocecal valve via anterograde and of the first centimeters of right colon. There were not complications and procedure was performed in 115 minutes. Until now there was not report in our country of the total exploration of small bowel using this novel technique...

Cecoscopia, domo de la base del apéndice como localizador de la válvula ileocecal / Cecoscopy, appendix dome for identifying ileocecal valve

Introduction: Ileoscopy during colonoscopy or retrograde enteroscopy, is increasingly required and is considered a quality criteria in colonoscopy. The appendix is found in most cases with his mesoappendix oriented medially in the direction of the ileocecal valve. Because of this, the location of the dome of the base of the appendix should indicate the direction of the ileocecal valve. Methods: Observational study. We included 100 consecutive colonoscopies, in which adequate visualization of cecal pole, appendiceal orifice and its dome, was achieved. We excluded patients with sub-optimal colon preparation and those who had previous appendectomy or right hemicolectomy. The procedures were performed between September 2009 and April 2010, by two experienced operators. Success in finding the ileocecal valve was considered if the direction of the dome of the appendix provided guidance to the location of it and the entrance to distal ileum. Results: We evaluated 100 procedures, in which the distal ileum was entered following the direction of the dome of the appendix in 98 patients (98 percent). In two patients (2 percent) the ileocecal valve was not in the direction provided by the dome of the appendix. In one of them the valve was exactly in the opposite direction of the dome, and in the other was at 90º of it. Conclusions: As described in our series, it seems recommendable to use the dome of the appendicular base for the location of the ileocecal valve and terminal ileum access.

Introducción: La ileoscopia durante la colonoscopia o la enteroscopia retrógrada, es cada vez más requerida y se considera criterio de calidad en colonoscopia. El apéndice se encuentra en la mayoría de los casos con su mesoapéndice orientado hacia medial en la dirección de la válvula ileocecal. Debido a esto, la localización del domo de la base apendicular, debería señalar la dirección de la válvula ileocecal. Material y Métodos: Estudio observacional. Se incluyeron 100 colonoscopias consecutivas, en las cuales se logró una adecuada visualización del polo cecal, y del orificio apendicular y su domo. Se excluyeron los pacientes con preparación de colon sub-óptima, apendicectomizados y hemicolectomizados de colon derecho. Los procedimientos fueron realizados entre septiembre de 2009 y abril de 2010, por dos operadores experimentados. Se consideró éxito en encontrar la válvula ileocecal, si la dirección del domo del apéndice orientaba a la ubicación de ésta y la entrada al íleon distal. Resultados: Se evaluaron 100 procedimientos, en los cuales se ingresó al íleon distal siguiendo la dirección del domo del apéndice en 98 pacientes (98 por ciento). En dos pacientes (2 por ciento) la válvula ileocecal no se encontraba en la dirección que orientaba el domo del apéndice. En uno de ellos la válvula estaba exactamente en la dirección opuesta a la que mostraba el domo, y en el otro estaba a 90º de éste. Conclusiones: Según lo descrito en nuestra serie, parece recomendable utilizar el domo de la base apendicular para la localización de la válvula ileocecal y el acceso al íleon terminal.

Image features of ielocecus under colonoscopy in intussusceptions children after successful reduction / 中华消化内镜杂志

Objective To investigate the role of ileocecal valve in children patients with intussus-ceptions by colonoscopy after pneumatic air enema reduction. Methods A total of 106 intussusceptions chil dren patients, who recovered with pneumatic air edema reduction, were recruited to the study. They underwent colonoscopy within 12 hours after reduction. The control group was composed of 103 children patients with both diarrhea and hematochezia. There was no significant difference in age, sex or weight between the two groups.Colonoscopic findings were recorded in terms of slack, swelling, prolapsus, lymphoid hyperplasia and mucosal lesions in ileocecal valve. Results In patients with intussusceptions, the rates of ileocecal valve slack, swelling including prolapsus, lymphoid hyperplasia and mucosal lesions were 61.3%, 33. 9%, 100. 0% and 31.1%, respectively, which were significantly different with those of the control group (P ＞ 0. 05 ). When further divided intussusceptions patients into groups with age more than 1 yr or less, significant differences were also observed in regarding of these features. Conclusion There is a close relationship between morphological and functional changes in ileocecal valve and intussusceptions in children. Ileocolic intussusceptions in patients younger than 1yr is more likely to be due to slack of ileocecal valve, while that in patients older than 1yr is mainly due to swelling or prolapse of ileocecal valve, represented by ileocecal intussuception.

Tuberculose intestinal como causa de obstrução intestinal: relato de caso e revisão de literatura / Intestinal tuberculosis cause of intestinal obstruction: case report and literature review

A tuberculose intestinal geralmente é uma complicação da doença pulmonar, pela deglutição de escarro infectado. Com o advento da SIDA, houve aumento importante na incidência de tuberculose de uma forma geral. Ocorre com maior freqüência em países tropicais e subdesenvolvidos. A região ileocecal constitui o sítio de maior comprometimento. Palidez, perda ponderal, sudorese noturna e febre são os achados mais comuns ao exame físico. Dor abdominal é o principal achado no exame abdominal. A complicação mais freqüente é a obstrução intestinal. O diagnóstico pré-operatório é muito difícil, sendo o de certeza dado pelo exame histopatológico ou em culturas de tecidos. O tratamento cirúrgico está indicado nos casos das raras complicações.

Intestinal tuberculosis occurs often as a pulmonary disease complication, when infected sputum is swallowed. With AIDS there was a significant increasement of tuberculosis in all of it forms. It happens more often in tropical and third world countries. The ileocecal is the site with most commitment. Paleness, weight loss, night sweats and fever are the most common findings on physical examination. Abdominal pain is the main finding in the abdominal examination. The most frequent complication is intestinal obstruction. The preoperative diagnosis is very difficult, and the certainty provided by histopathological examination or in tissue culture. Surgical treatment is indicated in cases of rare complications.

A Case of Dieulafoy-like Lesion with Massive Bleeding at Ileocecal Valve Following Acute Infectious Colitis in a Pediatric Patient / 대한소화기내시경학회지

The common causes of lower gastrointestinal bleeding in children are intussusception, rectal juvenile polyp, chronic inflammatory colitis and Meckel's diverticulum. Bleeding from Dieulafoy's ulcer at the lower gastrointestinal tract is rare, but this often occurs in the rectum. So far, there has been no report that a Dieulafoy lesion in the ileocecal valve might be formed after acute colitis in a pediatric patient. In this case report, a Dieulafoy-like lesion at the ileocecal valve caused lower gastrointestinal bleeding in an asymptomatic 14-year-old woman. A careful history taking and medical examination are mandatory to identify the bleeding focus in the GI tract and this can be treated by endoscopy.

The small bowel flora in individuals with cecoileal reflux / Estudo da flora do delgado em doentes com refluxo cecoileal

BACKGROUND: The observation of cecoileal reflux to barium enema is not rare; however, its causes and consequences have not been widely investigated. Considering that ileocecal junction exerts a function as barrier to invasion of bacteria from colon to small bowel, it seems interesting to study the intestinal microflora in subjects carrying cecoileal reflux. AIMS: This study aims at evaluating the ileal flora in individuals with cecoileal reflux. METHODS: A group of 36 subjects comprising 30 females and 6 males with a mean age of 54 years was assessed. Twenty-five individuals with cecoileal reflux and 11 without cecoileal reflux were submitted to small intestine contamination evaluation through the breath test with lactulose-H2 and measurement of the orocecal transit time by means of alternate current biosusceptometry. Small intestine bacterial overgrowth was characterized by orocecal transit time-H2 shortening. RESULTS: Comparison of basal H2, orocecal transit time-H2 and orocecal transit time-alternate current biosusceptometry measurements did not statistically differ between the groups with and without cecoileal reflux. Orocecal transit time-H2 was significantly smaller than orocecal transit time-alternate current biosusceptometry, particularly in individuals with cecoileal reflux. A significant correlation between the two methods was observed only in relation to control, not existing in relation to cecoileal reflux group. CONCLUSIONS: Smaller orocecal transit time-H2 and the loss of correlation with orocecal transit time-alternate current biosusceptometry observed in the individuals with cecoileal reflux suggest a differentiated behavior for such group relative to control, which could be associated with small intestine bacterial overgrowth.

RACIONAL: Fato de observação não rara, é o encontro de refluxo cecoileal durante realização de enema opaco. As causas e conseqüências deste achado têm sido pouco estudadas. OBJETIVOS: Sabendo que a junção ileocecal exerce função de barreira e proteção contra a invasão do delgado pela flora colônica, realizou-se o presente estudo com a finalidade de investigar se existe contaminação ileal em indivíduos com refluxo cecoileal ao enema opaco. MÉTODOS: Investigaram-se 36 indivíduos, 30 mulheres e 6 homens, idade média de 54 anos, 25 com e 11 com ausência refluxo cecoileal. Todos submetidos a pesquisa de contaminação bacteriana do delgado por intermédio de teste respiratório com lactulose-H2 e a determinação do tempo de trânsito orocecal por meio de biossusceptometria de corrente alternada. A caracterização da contaminação do delgado foi baseada no encurtamento do tempo de trânsito orocecal medido pelo teste da lactulose-H2. RESULTADOS: A comparação dos valores basais do H2, do tempo de trânsito orocecal-H2 e tempo de trânsito orocecal-biossusceptometria de corrente alternada não diferiram estatisticamente entre os grupos com e sem refluxo cecoileal. Quando comparados os tempo de trânsito orocecal-H2 e tempo de trânsito orocecal-biossusceptometria, foi observado aumento de tendência de redução do primeiro em relação ao último nos grupos com refluxo cecoileal e correlação significante entre os dois métodos apenas no grupo-controle, inexistindo nos com refluxo cecoileal. CONCLUSÃO: Encurtamento do tempo de trânsito orocecal-H2 e sua perda de correlação com o tempo de trânsito orocecal-biossusceptometria observado em indivíduos com refluxo cecoileal, sugerem comportamento diferenciado deste grupo em relação ao grupo-controle. Possível explicação para as diferenças registradas entre os grupos, seria a presença de flora anômala nos indivíduos com refluxo cecoileal.

Clinical Associations between the Supplementary Examinations of the Terminal Ileal Mucosal Lesion and the Lesion of the Ileocecal Valve

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The diagnostic value of terminal ileum (TI) biopsies during colonoscopy remains controversial. This study assessed the clinical characteristics of terminal ileal lesions during colonoscopy to find the affecting factors for the specific investigations in addition to TI biopsies. METHODS: Thirty-seven patients (male to female ratio of 1.6, mean age 42.2+/-12.2 years, range 20-68 years) who had undergone colonoscopy with biopsies of TI at Dongguk University International Hospital from September 2005 to December 2007 were retrospectively studied. We analyzed the characteristics of patients, endoscopic and histopathologic findings, followed by multivariate analysis of those significant variables. RESULTS: Ulcerative lesions were most frequently found in 17 cases (45.9%) and multiple lesions were observed in eight cases (21.6%). Aphthoid shape was evident in 19 cases (51.4%). Eight cases (21.6%) were combined with ileocecal valve (ICV) lesion. On histopathologic examination, nonspecific inflammation was evident in 19 cases (51.4%). The diagnostic yield of TI biopsies was 5.4%. Presence of ICV lesion (p=0.004) and multiple lesions (p=0.027) were associated with clinically significant TI lesion. By multivariate analysis, only ICV lesion was statistically significant (Odds ratio 8.3: 95% confidence interval 1.3-54.1, p=0.026). CONCLUSIONS: Not all patients who undergo colonoscopy require intubation of TI. However, a careful examination of ICV could be useful to determine whether intubation of TI would be necessary or not.

Lipoma de la válvula ileocecal: informe de un caso clínico y revisión de la literatura / Ileocecal valve lipoma: case report and review of the literature

Introducción: los lipomas son los tumores benignos más frecuentes en tubo digestivo y hasta 50 % se encuentra en el colon. La mayoría son submucosos y varían de acuerdo a su incidencia, localización, sintomatología y patogénesis, lo que dificulta su diagnóstico. Nuestro objetivo fue conocer las diferentes manifestaciones clínicas causadas por un lipoma en la válvula ileocecal, y hacer una revisión de la literatura de esta localización poco frecuente. Caso clínico: mujer de 78 años que presentó cuadros repetidos de oclusión intestinal parcial con distensión abdominal, constipación y obstipación. Se realizó colonoscopia que mostró tumoración submucosa de 30 mm en válvula ileocecal; la tomografía computarizada de abdomen mostró tumoración nodular de densidad grasa en válvula ileocecal. La paciente fue sometida a laparotomía exploradora y cecotomía, donde se identificó y resecó tumoración submucosa, la cual fue enviada a estudio transoperatorio; dado que se trató de una tumoración benigna, se respetó la válvula ileocecal y se realizó cierre primario. El reporte histopatológico definitivo fue lipoma, negativo para malignidad. Conclusiones: es importante conocer las distintas formas de presentación de los lipomas, ya que fácilmente pueden confundirse con lesiones malignas (sobre todo si existe ulceración de la mucosa) y someter al paciente a procedimientos mayores. Sólo deben resecarse si producen síntomas o son mayores a 2 cm.

BACKGROUND: Lipomas are the most frequent benign tumors of the digestive tract and 50% are localized in the colon. Most are found submucosally and may vary in their incidence, localization, symptoms and pathogenesis, making diagnosis difficult. We undertook this study to learn the different presentations of an ileocecal valve (ICV) lipoma and conduct a review of the literature due to this uncommon location. CASE PRESENTATION: We present the case of a 78-year-old female with intermittent small bowel occlusion, abdominal distention and constipation. Colonoscopy showed a submucous tumor at the ICV, CT scan showed a tumor at the ICV with fat density. Laparotomy was performed with primary resection of the lesion by cecotomy, frozen section was reported as nonmalignant so a primary closure without ICV involvement was achieved. Definitive pathology revealed a benign lipoma. CONCLUSION: It is important to know the different presentations of these benign tumors because if there is mucosal ulceration they can be mistaken for a malignant lesion and lead to greater resections. Resection is necessary if they are symptomatic or >2 cm.

Cytomegalovirus Colitis Manifested with a Ring like Ileocecal Valve Ulcer in a Korean AIDS Patient / 대한소화기학회지

A 32-year-old man, who had no previous medical history, was hospitalized with 3-week duration of abdominal pain, fever, and watery diarrhea. Initial colonoscopy showed subepithelial hemorrhagic spots throughout the entire colon together with well-circumscribed ulcer around the ileocecal valve. Serologic test disclosed HIV-positive and repeated biopsies at ulcer base finally revealed that the patient had cytomegalovirus ulcer in ileocecal area.

A Case of Adenocarcinoma in Ileocecal Valve Mimicking Inflammatory Bowel Disease / 대한소화기내시경학회지

Adenocarcinoma of the ileocecal valve is rare. It's clinical manifestations are non-specific such as intestinal intussusception, obstruction and right lower abdominal discomfort according to type of cancer. Particularly infiltrative type carcinoma of the ileocecal valve may be easily misdiagnosed as inflammatory bowel disease by radiological imagings and clinical symptoms. We experienced one case of adenocarcinoma of the ileocecal valve mimiking inflammatory bowel disease in radiological features. Colonoscopic findings also could not differentiate malignancy with chronic inflammatory condition. We report a case of adenocarcinoma of the ileocecal valve, which endoscopic findings mimic chronic inflammatory disease, with a review of literature.

A case of lipohyperplasia of the appendix / 대한내과학회지

Large intestinal Lipohyperplasia (LPH) is a poorly recognized lesion characterized by adipose tissue infiltration in the submucosal layer of the colon. Most of all, LPH developed at Ileoceal valve, especially upper lip which was called by ileocecal valve syndrome. For endoscopists and radiologists, it has often remained difficult to make a distinction from malignant neoplasia. We report here the case of a mild obese, 51-year-old man who had polypoid lipohyperplasia of the colon associated with extreme hyperplasia of the appendix. His chief complaint was recurrent intermittent abdominal pain. The colonoscopic finding was a submucosal tumor-like polypoid mass originating from appendix with smooth surface, But ileocecal valve was intact. Abdominal CT finding was 2.5 cm sized round heterogeneous low density mass like lesion with intratumoral fatty density of cecal tip area with enhancement of peripheral portion. In barium enema study, after retrograde filling of contrast, smooth extrinsic indentation of cecal tip with partial filling of appendix was seen. Histological exemination revealed infiltration of mature adipose tissue in the submucosal layer. Because of recurrent abdominal pain, ileocecal resection was performed at operation. We discuss the case and review the literatures on this subject.

A Case of Behcet's Disease with Esophageal and Ileocecal Valve Ulcers / 대한소화기내시경학회지

Behcet's disease is a multisystemic, chronic inflammatory disease with a triad of symptoms including oral ulcers, genital ulcers, and inflammatory ocular lesions. While intestinal Behcet's disease commonly affects the ileocecal region, esophageal ulceration with odynophagia is very uncommon. A 38-year-old male patient was admitted due to odynophagia, a postprandial epigastric burning sensation, and right lower quadrant abdominal pain. He had a history of recurrent oral and genital ulcerations. An esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed relatively well demarcated ulcerative lesions with mucosal nodularities on the mid to distal esophagus which was suspected to be esophageal cancer. But repeated biopsies showed lymphocytic and plasma cell infiltrations on the lamina propria. A colonoscopy revealed a well demarcated, deep ulcerative lesion with stenotic narrowing in the ileocecal valve. The diagnosis of intestinal Behcet's disease with an esophageal ulcer was made on the basis of clinical and pathological findings. The patient was treated with steroids and sulfasalazine and the response was favorable.