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Objective The purpose of this study is to observe the changes of immune cell subsets in lupus mice after umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) transplantation. Methods B6.MRL-Faslpr lupus mice were randomly divided into the following three groups: the UC-MSCs treated group, the fibroblast like synoviocytes (FLS) treated group and the untreated group. MSC (1×106) or FLS (1×106) were injected into the tail vein of lupus mice respectively. Four weeks after treatment, the spleen index was calculated. The pathological changes of kidney were assessed by HE staining. The frequencies of immune cell subsets in spleen and macrophage in kidney as well as abdominal cavity were analyzed by flow cytometry. Data were analyzed with t test. Results The spleen index of UC-MSCs treated lupus mice [(79 ±9) mg/10 g] and IgG level [(7.5±1.5) mg/ml] were significantly decreased when compared with FLS treated group [(147±23) mg/10 g, t=2.78, P<0.01] [(17.0 ±2.8) mg/ml, t=3.00, P<0.01] and the untreated group [(156 ±16) mg/10 g, t=4.29, P<0.01] [(16.7 ±1.6) mg/ml,t=4.01, P<0.01]. HE staining also showed that the pathological changes of kidney were alleviated after MSCs transplantation. In addition, the frequency of plasma cells in the untreated group [(2.61 2± 0.318)% vs (0.306±0.017)%, t=7.22, P<0.01] and the FLS treated group [(2.412±0.297)% vs (0.306±0.017)%, t=7.07, P<0.01] were markedly higher than MSCs treatment [(0.306 ±0.017)%]. Moreover, the frequency of CD25+Foxp3+/CD4+Treg in the MSCs treated group [(15.08±0.81)%] was significantly increased compared with the untreated group [(8.02 ±0.47)%, t=7.45, P<0.01] and FLS treated group [(8.80 ±0.23)%, t=7.39, P<0.01]. MSCs treatment resulted in a decrease in CXCR5+PD1+/CD4+Tfh and IFNγ+/CD4+Th1 subset, compared with the untreated group [(14.3±1.5)%vs (31.5±3.3)%, t=5.25, P<0.01] [(1.78±0.27)% vs (5.93±1.56)%, t=2.60, P<0.05] and the FLS treated group [(14.3±1.5)%vs (28.8±2.2)%, t=5.49, P<0.01] [(1.78±0.27)%vs (4.88±0.81)%, t=3.61, P<0.01]. The frequency of macrophage in kidney of the MSCs treated group [(3.52 ±0.37)%] was markedly increased compared with the untreated group[(1.58±0.29)%, t=3.25, P<0.01], while neither the IL4+/CD4+Th2 subset nor the IL17+/CD4+Th17subset and the frequency of macrophage in abdominal cavity showed significant changes in the three groups. Conclusion These findings suggest that the therapeutic effects of MSCs on lupus mice may mediate through increasing the frequency of spleen Treg and renal macrophage and decreasing the frequency of Tfh, Th1 and plasma cells.
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Objective To investigate the cellular immune function changes and the effect of thymosin alpha-1 on the changes in elderly patients with severe pneumonia. Methods T cell subset and natural killer (NK) cell were detected in 66 elderly patients with severe pneumonia and 34 elderly patients with common pneumonia. The severe pneumonia patients were randomly divided into 2 groups: the treatment groups (34 cases) and the control group (32 cases). All patients received conventional therapy of pneumonia. The treatment group received 1.6 mg of thymosin alpha-1 through subcutaneous injection once a day for a week and twice a week later. Results The levels of CD3, CD4, CD8 and NK cell were lower in elderly patients with severe pneumonia than in patients with common pneumonia [(43.54%±18.97%) vs. (45.46%±10.43%), (25.43%±12.72%) vs. (38.47%±8.20%), (16.68%±9.30%) vs. (22.36%±8.06%), (13.52%±4.66%) vs. (17.87%±7.11%), t=-6.779、-5.85、-3.161、-3.285 respectively all P＜0.05]. The levels of CD3, CD4, CD4/CD8 and NK cell increased significantly after treatment in treatment group [(64.22%±5.53%) vs. (61.53%±13.41%), (31.70%±4.38%) vs. (26.07%±4.31%), (1.27%±0.91%) vs. (0.97%±0.22%), (17.67%±4.56%) vs. (15.44%±3.82%), F=5.591,11.526,8.934,4.564 respectively, all P＜0.05]. The duration of antibiotic injection and length of stay were lower in treatment group than in control group [(14.17±2.51) d vs. (14.42±2.79) d, (12.69±2.80) d vs. (15.04±3.58) d, t=-3.152、-2.690 respectively, all P＜0.05]. Conclusions The immune function of the elderly patients with severe pneumonia is lower. Thymosin alpha-1 can improve the immune function of the elder patients with severe pneumonia and is helpful for controlling an infection.
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Objective To investigate the effect of immune modulation therapy on heart function and cytokines in elder patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Methods The 96 patients aged 60-78 years with New York Heart Association(NYHA)functional. class Ⅱ-Ⅳ CHF were randomly divided into two groups: CHF treatment group received regular therapy and thymopetidum and CHF control group received regular therapy. Another 45 healthy individuals aged 60-80 years were involved as normal control. The ejection faction of left ventricle (LVEF), inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10), plasma high sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), plasma brain natrium peptide (BNP)and Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (LHFQ) assessment were tested before therapy, 15 days and 75 days after treatment. Results (1) Before therapy, compared with normal control group, the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, TNF-α/IL-10 ratio, BNP, hsCRP and LHFQ were significantly increased (P ＜ 0. 05 or P ＜ 0. 01 ), and the levels of IL-10, LVEF were markedly decreased (P＜0.01) in the patients of CHF treatment group and CHF control group. While no difference between the two CHF groups was observed. (2) After the first course of treatment,compared with CHF control group, the levels of IL-10 were increased (P＜0. 01), while the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, BNP and hsCRP were decreased (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01) in CHF treatment group. The level of LVEF was increased, TNF-α/IL-10 ratio (4.84 ±0. 53 vs. 5.28±0. 66) and LHFQ were decreased even though there was no significant difference between the two groups. (3) After the second course of treatment, compared with CHF control group, the levels of IL-10 and LVEF were increased (P＜0. 05 or P＜0.01), while the level of TNF-α, IL-1β, TNF-α/IL-10 ratio (4.55±0. 69 vs. 5.18±0.38), BNP, hsCRP and LHFQ were decreased (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01) in CHF treatment group. Conclusions Thymopetidum, as an immunemodulating agent, might regulate the equilibrium of cytokines and improve the heart function of patients with CHF, indicating that immune modulation therapy might improve the treatment strategy for CHF patients.
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Objective To study the kinetics of immune response in mice and human immunized with rHB vaccine or rHBsAg derived from yeast cells(Hansenula polymorpha).Methods With different doses,the level of IFN-γ secreted by spleen mononuclear cells(MNC)including CD8+T cells by MACs of mice were detected by enzyme-linked immunospot(ELISPOT)methods after stimulation in vitro with HBsAg MHC class Ⅰ peptide S28-39,respectively.At serial time points.the immunized mice were detected for IFN-γ by ELISPOT as above and for the lymphocytotoxicity test(CTL)by specific lysis assay.The levels of IFN-γ,IL-2,IL-5 and anti-HBs in mice induced by rHB vaccine were detected after single or three doses.Four adults were vaccinated with rHB vaccine according to 0,1 and 2 month schedule.The peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)were collected at the 3,8,21,34 and 65 days after the first dose.The CD8+T cells with high purity obtained by sorting from PBMcs were stimulated with rHBsAg or HBsAg peptides.The SFC of IFN-γ,IL-2 and IL-4 of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were determined by ELISPOT.Results The cytokine of IFN-γ became detectable on day 7 and its peak value appeared on day 14 by ELISPOT.The CTL was detected on day 7 and the maximum lysis of CTL appeared on day 28.The cellular immune response of IFN-γ of MNCs were significantly correlated with the doses vaccinated from 1 μg to 8 μg(Υpositive rates=0.951,Ppositive rates=0.049＜0.05;rSFC=0.996,PSFC=0.000＜0.05).IFN-γSFC of CD8+T cells were significantly associated with the doses from 1 μg to 4 μg(Υ=0.999,P=0.025＜0.05).The HBsAg specific cellular immune and humoral responses of mice immunized with three doses were significantly higher than that with a single dose(P＜0.05).The characteristics of IFN-γ,IL-2 and IL-4 of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were variable between individuals immunized with the same rHB vaccine.The level of IL-2 and IL-4 of responders were significantly related to the titer of anti-HBs.Conclusion Data from this study showed the kinesis of cellular immunity in mice and adults vaccinated with rHBsAg or rHB vaccine respectively.and the characteristics of cellular immune response in adults induced by the vaccine.Our data provided the basis of standardizing the analysis of cellular immune response to rHB vaccine.
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Objective To investigate the change in natural kill cell,T-ly mphocyte subset counts and effect of recovery after homologous and autologous blood transfusion.Methods 50 patients undergoing lung cancer operation were randomly divided into two groups:group A received autologous blood transfusion with 400ml and group H received homologous blood transfusion with 400ml.Venous blood samples were taken before surgery,before blood transfusion and on the 1st and 5th postoperative day for determination of T-ly mphocyte subsets and natural kill cell counts by flow cytomet.The existent ratio of 1～3 years were followed up.Results The NK cell,CD+_3 and CD+_4 counts and CD+_4/CD+_8 ratio decreased significantly on the 1st postoperative day in both groups(P
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Objective To study immune function of peripheral blood dendritic cells in chronic hepa titis B virus infected patients. Methods Peripheral blood DCs of patients and normal human were isolated and cultured in serum free media. The expression levels of DC surface molecule were analyzed by flow cytometry and the ability of DC to induce T lymphocyte proliferation were evaluated by a liquid scintillation counter and the amounts of cytokines in MLR were measured detected. Results The expression rate of CD86 (70.2?5.2)% on DC in patients was decreased compared with that in controls. (95.3?3.5)%, P
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Objective:To evaluate the effects of perioperatively administrated enteral immunonutrition in gastrointestinal cancer patients on immune and inflammatory responses,nutrition states and postoperative morbidity.Methods:Sixty patients with gastrointestinal cancer were divided randomly into two groups.Two groups perioperatively(from preoperative day 5 to postoperative day 7) received an supplemented diet with arginine,RNA,and ?-3fatty acids(immunonutrition group;n=30) or an isoenergetic and isonitrogenous standard diet (standard-nutrition group;n=30).All variables of immune and inflammatory responses,nutrition states and postoperative morbidity were measured on preoperative day 5 and postoperative day 1,4 and 8.Results:On postoperative day 4 and 8,most immune variables and prealbumin in the immuno-group were significantly higher than those in the standard-group(P0.05),and inflammatory variables as CRP in the immunonutrition group were significantly lower than those in the standard group.In the immunonutrition group,there were significantly fewer patients who experienced postoperative complications and shorter days of hospital stay compared with standard group(P0.05).Conclusion:The perioperative administration of enteral immunonutrition in gastrointestinal cancer patients can significantly modulate the postoperative immunosuppressive and inflammatory responses at the early postoperative day,can significantly decrease the occurrence of infectious and overall postoperative complications as well as the length of hospital stay.