ABSTRACT
Alzheimer's disease(AD) is the first major degenerative disease of the central nervous system in the elderly, which places a heavy burden on society and the family. Age is the main factor of the pathogenesis, which will evidently deteriorate with the arrival of an aging population worldwide. Unfortunately, no specific therapeutic drugs have been found targeting AD. In the past two years, failure has been witnessed in a number of clinical trials for its pathological characteristics of beta-amyloid protein and tau protein-developed therapeutic drugs, leading to serious immune-related side effects, which indicate a significant deficiency in the understanding of AD and immune-related mechanisms. Recent studies have shown the involvement of immune regulation in the process of brain aging and its close relation to neurodegenerative diseases. Focusing on AD, immune regulation, and inflammatory effects, this article mainly investigates the effects of inflammatory mediators and activated microglia on AD and the possible mechanisms of action, and reviews the research of anti-inflammatory drugs in the treatment of AD, aiming to provide new ideas and methods for the pathogenesis and drug development of Alzheimer's disease.