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RESUMEN Objetivos. Evaluar la respuesta de anticuerpos IgG determinada mediante ELISA utilizando antígenos de los linajes Wuhan y Lambda en trabajadores de la salud con y sin antecedente de infección por SARS-CoV-2 previa a la inmunización con la primera y segunda dosis de la vacuna Sinopharm (BBIBP-CorV). Materiales y métodos. Se realizó un estudio analítico en trabajadores de salud mayores de 18 años. Se incluyeron 51 participantes con antecedente y 100 participantes sin antecedente de infección por SARS-CoV-2, quienes recibieron dos dosis de la vacuna Sinopharm. Los anticuerpos IgG se evaluaron 21 días después de la primera dosis, 21 días después de la segunda dosis y 3 meses después de la segunda dosis mediante una prueba de ELISA in house desarrollado utilizando el antígeno completo del linaje Wuhan (B) y del linaje Lambda(C.37) del virus de SARS-CoV-2. Resultados. En ambos grupos se observó un incremento del porcentaje de personas con anticuerpos luego de la segunda dosis, sin embargo, este porcentaje disminuyó luego de 3 meses de la segunda dosis. Se halló una diferencia significativa entre el índice de anticuerpos medido por ELISA con el antígeno del linaje Wuhan versus el ELISA con el linaje Lambda (p<0,001). Conclusiones. Existe un aumento significativo de la presencia de anticuerpos tipo IgG luego de 15 días de la segunda dosis de la vacunación con BBIP-CORV en los participantes sin infección previa y una disminución, luego de 3 meses de la segunda dosis, de la razón de índices de reactividad de anticuerpos IgG en los ELISA desarrollados con el antígeno de la variante como en los ELISA desarrollados con la variante Lambda.
ABSTRACT Objectives . To evaluate the IgG antibody response by ELISA using Wuhan and Lambda antigens in health care workers with and without history of SARS-CoV-2 infection prior to immunization with the first and second doses of Sinopharm vaccine (BBIBP-CorV). Materials and methods . An analytical study was carried out in health care workers over 18 years of age. Fifty-one participants with history and 100 participants without history of SARS-CoV-2 infection, who received two doses of Sinopharm vaccine, were included. IgG antibodies were assessed 21 days after the first dose, 21 days after the second dose and 3 months after the second dose by in-house ELISA using the complete antigen of the Wuhan variant (B.1.1) and lambda variant (C-37) of SARS-CoV-2 virus. Results . Both groups showed a large increase in the percentage of people with antibodies after the second dose, however, this percentage decreased 3 months after the second dose. The difference between the antibody index measured by ELISA with Wuhan variant antigen versus the ELISA with lambda variant was significant (p<0.001). Conclusions . There is a significant increase in the presence of IgG type antibodies after 15 days of the second dose of BBIBP-CorV vaccination in participants without previous infection and a decrease after 3 months of the second dose in the ratio of IgG antibody reactivity indexes in ELISAs with the variant antigen as with ELISAs with the lambda variant.
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Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Coronavirus Infections , Immunity, Humoral , Antibodies , Health Personnel , SARS-CoV-2ABSTRACT
Objetivo: Analizar el desarrollo de inmunidad humoral en personas infectadas por SARS-COV-2 de las ciudades Quito y Ambato del Ecuador. Método: Estudio observacional de pacientes reales diagnosticados con Covid-19, se tabularon un total de 31 pacientes sometidos a pruebas nasofaríngeas. Resultados: El hallazgo de que una prueba de anticuerpos que da positivo sugiere que el riesgo de reinfección sea subjetivamente bajo; no obstante, los individuos que se recuperan de una infección por el SARS-CoV-2 todavía poseen restos de material del virus es decir ácido ribonucleico o ARN en el cuerpo humano por lo menos 3 meses. Conclusión: Las personas estudiadas generan cierta inmunidad humoral; las primeras respuestas humorales específicas del SARS-CoV-2 estuvieron dominadas por anticuerpos IgM, a medida que la infección progresa hasta el término de los síntomas; sin embargo; se necesitan de varios estudios para demostrar que las personas infectadas por el coronavirus Covid-19, tengan anticuerpos neutralizantes Anti-Spike.
Objective: To analyze the development of humoral immunity in people infected by SARS-COV-2 in the cities of Quito and Ambato, Ecuador. Methods: Observational study of real patients diagnosed with Covid-19, a total of 31 patients submitted to nasopharyngeal tests were tabulated. Results: The finding of a positive antibody test suggests that the risk of reinfection is subjectively low; however, individuals who recover from SARS-CoV-2 infection still possess remnants of virus material i.e. ribonucleic acid or RNA in the human body for at least 3 months. Conclusion: The studied individuals generate some humoral immunity; early SARS-CoV-2 specific humoral responses were dominated by IgM antibodies, as the infection progresses to the termination of symptoms; however; several studies are needed to demonstrate that persons infected with Covid-19 coronavirus, have neutralizing Anti-Spike antibodies.
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Objective:To evaluate the effect of different anesthesia methods on the immune function in the patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma.Methods:Forty patients of both sexes, aged 31-64 yr, with body mass index of 19-23 kg/m 2, of American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status classification Ⅰ or Ⅱ, undergoing elective radical resection of oral squamous cell carcinoma and repair of the defect with free flap, were enrolled and randomized to receive either combined intravenous-inhalational anesthesia (VICA group, n=20) or total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA group, n=20) using a random number table method.In group VICA, anesthesia was induced with intravenous propofol 1.5-2.0 mg/kg, remifentanil 1-2 μg/kg, and cisatracurium 0.2 mg/kg, sevoflurane was continuously inhaled to maintain MAC at 1.3, sevoflurane inhalation was stopped at 1 h before the end of surgery, sevoflurane was replaced with propofol, propofol 4-6 mg·kg -1·h -1 was continuously infused until the end of operation, and dexmedetomidine 0.4 μg·kg -1·h -1, remifentanil 0.2-0.3 μg·kg -1·min -1 and cisatracurium 0.1 mg·kg -1·h -1 were intravenously infused at the same time to maintain anesthesia.In group TIVA, anesthesia induction was the same as those previously described in group VICA, and anesthesia was maintained with intravenous dexmedetomidine 0.4 μg·kg -1·h -1, propofol 4-6 mg·kg -1·h -1, remifentanil 0.2-0.3 μg·kg -1·min -1 and cisatracurium 0.1 mg·kg -1·h -1.Venous blood samples were taken at 30 min before anaesthesia induction (T 0), 3 h after anaesthesia (T 1), at the end of operation (T 2), and at 6, 24 and 48 h after operation (T 3-5) for determination of the serum concentrations of immunoglobulins (IgA, IgM, IgG), interleukins (IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, sIL-2Rα) and soluble interleukin-2 receptor alpha (sIL-2Rα) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results:Compared with the baseline at T 0, the concentrations of serum sIL-2Rα at T 1-5, IL-2 at T 1-4 and IL-10 at T 1 were significantly decreased, the concentrations of serum IL-6 at T 1-5 and IL-10 at T 2-4 were increased, and the concentrations of serum IgA and IgM at T 1-5 were decreased in two groups, and the concentrations of serum IgG at T 1-5 in TIVA group and at T 1, 2 and T 4, 5 in VICA group were significantly decreased ( P<0.05).Compared with group TIVA, the concentrations of serum sIL-2Rα at T 2, 5, IL-6 at T 4, 5 and IL-10 at T 3, IgA at T 4 and IgG at T 3 were significantly increased, and the concentrations of serum IL-2 at T 1-5 and IgA at T 5 were decreased in group VICA ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Both general anesthesia methods have significant inhibitory effects on intraoperative and postoperative cellular immune function and humoral immune function in the patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma, and combined intravenous-inhalational anesthesia produces higher inhibitory effects on cellular immune function than total intravenous anesthesia.
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Objective:To observe the body fluid and cellular immune function of children with cerebral palsy (CP) in the plateau area, as well as the exchanges of these factors during the comprehensive rehabilitation treatment.Methods:A total number of 144 children admitted to Xining Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from June 2018 to October 2019 were selected as the CP group for comprehensive rehabilitation treatment (consecutive courses). The peripheral blood immunoglobulin/complement (IgA, IgG, lgM, C3, C4) level, T lymphocyte subsets (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD4+/CD8+) and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) content was examined in the clinical specimens before and after treatment by using the immunoturbidimetry, flow cytometry, electrochemiluminescence analysis according to the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) and Gross Motor Function Test Scale (GMFM-88). Children were divided as the different degrees to evaluate the rehabilitation efficacy. A total number of 50 healthy children taken a health check/physical examinations during the same period were considered as the control group. For statistical Analysis, the χ2 test and independent sample t test were performed. Results:The levels of humoral immune IgG, IgA, IgM, C3 and C4 in CP Group [(6.42±1.05), (0.64±0.13), (0.89±0.13), (0.80±0.08), (0.17±0.03) g/L, respectively] in CP groups′ children were lower than those in the control group [(10.25±0.62), (1.04±0.06), (1.06±0.17), (1.04±0.04), (0.27±0.04) g/L, respectively]. The humoral immune IgG and IgA levels [severe (5.40±0.69) and (0.55±0.09)g/L, moderate (6.63±0.30) and (0.66±0.14)g/L, mild (7.57±0.63) and (0.74±0.09)g/L, P<0.05] were also related to the children with CP of different GMFCS grades. Moreover, the level of T lymphocyte subsets (CD3+,CD4+,CD8+,CD4+/CD8+) in the CP group were not statistically different to that in the control groups children. Receiving the rehabilitation treatment, the levels of serum humoral IgG and IgA in CP Group (7.69±1.14) and (0.79±0.17) g/L were significantly enhanced; whereas the serum NSE (12.82±2.49) μg/L was lower than that before treatment (18.57±3.08) μg/L, and the total score of GMFM-88 (121.35±26.51) was higher than that before treatment (101.04±27.62). The differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). IgM, C3, C4 and T lymphocyte subsets (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD4+/CD8+) had no significant difference compared with those before treatment ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Children with CP at high altitude have abnormal humoral immune function. IgG and IgA may be related to the severity of CP and neuronal damage. Comprehensive rehabilitation can not only improve the motor function of children with CP, relieve neuronal damage, but also enhance their humoral immunity status.
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Objective@#To investigate the clinical efficacy of montelukast sodium combined with glucocorticoids in the treatment of patients with acute asthma attack and its effects on serum inflammatory mediators and humoral immune function.@*Methods@#From March 2018 to March 2019, 82 patients with acute asthma attack admitted to the First People's Hospital of Wenling were randomly divided into control group (41 cases) and observation group (41 cases) according to random number table method.The control group was treated with glucocorticoid, while the observation group was treated with montelukast sodium on the basis of the control group.Both two groups were treated for 2 weeks.The therapeutic effect, pulmonary function, main symptom score, inflammatory mediators and humoral immune function before and after treatment were compared between the two groups.@*Results@#The total effective rate of the observation group (92.68%) was higher than that of the control group (70.73%) (χ2=6.609, P<0.05). After treatment, FEV1% and FEV1/FVC in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (t=6.420, 12.206, all P<0.05). After treatment, the scores of asthma, cough and expectoration in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (t=14.318, 7.368, 15.653, all P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of IL-6, IL-17 and IL-33 in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (t=10.123, 10.144, 9.893, all P<0.05). The levels of serum IgA, IgG and IgM in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (t=7.695, 7.698, 7.835, all P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#Montelukast sodium combined with glucocorticoid has good clinical effect on patients with acute asthma attack.It can alleviate inflammation and improve immune function of patients, which is worthy of clinical reference.
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Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of montelukast sodium combined with glucocorti-coids in the treatment of patients with acute asthma attack and its effects on serum inflammatory mediators and humoral immune function.Methods From March 2018 to March 2019,82 patients with acute asthma attack admitted to the First People's Hospital of Wenling were randomly divided into control group (41 cases) and observation group (41 cases) according to random number table method.The control group was treated with glucocorticoid ,while the observation group was treated with montelukast sodium on the basis of the control group.Both two groups were treated for 2 weeks.The therapeutic effect, pulmonary function,main symptom score,inflammatory mediators and humoral immune function before and after treatment were compared between the two groups .Results The total effective rate of the observation group (92.68%) was higher than that of the control group (70.73%) ( χ2 ＝6.609,P＜0.05). After treatment,FEV1%and FEV1／FVC in the observation group were higher than those in the control group ( t＝6.420,12.206,all P＜0.05).After treatment,the scores of asthma,cough and expectoration in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (t＝14.318,7.368,15.653,all P＜0.05).After treatment,the levels of IL-6,IL-17 and IL-33 in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (t＝10.123,10.144, 9.893,all P＜0.05).The levels of serum IgA,IgG and IgM in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (t＝7.695,7.698,7.835,all P＜0.05).Conclusion Montelukast sodium combined with glucocorti-coid has good clinical effect on patients with acute asthma attack.It can alleviate inflammation and improve immune function of patients,which is worthy of clinical reference.
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Currently, clinical antiviral therapies for chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection can efficiently control HBV replication.However, it remains difficult to achieve HBsAg clearance and sustains off-therapy, that is the functional cure of chronic hepatitis B ( CHB) in most of patients.Host immune responses play critical roles in HBV clearance and HBV infection control by activating innate and adaptive immune responses, resulting in improving the functional cure rate of patients with CHB.This article reviews the recent advances in immunology studies related to functional cure of CHB.
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Objective To observe the changes of peripheral blood CD27+B cells percentage in patients with HBV-related disease of different severity and the clinical significance.Methods 20 cases of chronic viral hepatitis B,23 cases of HBV-related liver cirrhosis,21 cases of liver cancer were selected,25 cases of healthy controls in the corresponding period who had the physical examination were set as the healthy control group.The peripheral blood in the healthy controls and the patients with HBV-related disease was collected.The cellular immune level changes and CD27+ B cells percentage was detected by flow cytometry,the humoral immunity was detected by immune transmission turbidty method:IgM,IgD.Results (1)Compared with the healthy control group,CD27+B cells percentage significantly decreased in the three groups of patients with HBV-related disease [(5.16 ± 0.36) ％ vs.(4.52 ± 0.22) ％,(2.24 ± 0.15) ％,(0.58 ± 0.02) ％,F =4.32,P ＜ 0.05],and the downward trend gradually obvious as the disease degree exacerbated.nnnnn(2)IgM,IgD in the three groups of HBV related disease patients rised obviously,and the increase range became more obvious as the disease degree exacerbation(F =3.29,5.23,P =0.02,0.03).Conclusion CD27+B cells has a close relationship with HBV-related disease,and rebuilding the body's immune defense system is great importance for evaluating prognosis and the clinical guidance in HBV-related disease.
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Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC)is characterized by injury of small intrahepatic bile ducts,but its mechanism,especially the role of B cell immunity in this disease,remains unclear.The possible role of B cell immunity in the pathogenesis of PBC is reviewed from the fol-lowing aspects:distribution of B cells and plasma cells in the liver tissues of PBC patients,clearance of B cells,mechanism of abnormal in-crease in serum IgM and its sources among PBC patients,mechanism of production of antimitochondrial antibodies and their possible func-tions in bile duct injury,and typical autoantibodies in PBC.B cell immunity is considered to play a significant role in the pathogenesis of PBC,but there are still many key problems to be clarified.
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Objective To evaluate the short-term effect of open and laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery on body.Methods Forty patients with cholecystectomy were divided into open surgery group and laparoscopic surgery group by random digits table method with 20 cases each.The clinical index was compared between two groups.The immunoglobulin G(IgG) and procalcitonin (PCT) before surgery and 4 d after surgery were determined.Results The operative blood loss,anal exhaust time,length of stay was (135.80 ±26.74) ml,(1.6 ±0.9) h,(6.7 ±3.2) d in open surgery group,which was better than that in laparoscopic surgery group [(63.41 ± 15.06) ml,(0.4 ± 0.3) h,(2.8 ± 1.9) d],and there was significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).The incidence of heat was 15％(3/20) in open surgery group,which was higher than that in laparoscopic surgery group (0),and there was significant difference (P ＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the IgG and PCT between two groups before surgery (P ＞ 0.05).The IgG and PCT at 4 d after surgery was (13.93 ± 1.98) g/L,(2 153.2 ± 1 452.1) mg/L in open surgery group,which was higher than that in laparoscopic surgery group[(9.23 ± 2.87) g/L,(768.0 ± 237.0) mg/L],and there was significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).Condmion Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has smaller short-term effects on body,while the body of the humoral and cellular immune function in mild,conducive to the body's recovery.
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Production of thymus-dependent antibodies by autoreactive B cells requires help from T cells. Follicular helper T (Tfh) cells are a unique lineage of CD4+ T subsets present in the follicles of peripheral lymphoid tissues which functions primarily to provide help to cognate B cells. Within germinal centers Tfh cells stimulate germinal center B cells to undergo affinity maturation, Ig class switching, and differentiation to memory B cells and plasma cells. Proposals that activity of Tfh cells is crucial for long-lived humoral autoimmunity are supported by the correlation of numbers and/or functions of Tfh cells with disease activity in many autoimmune disorders. In this review, we discuss recent findings regarding Tfh cell development and function. In addition, we discuss putative roles of Tfh cells in the pathogenesis and highlight the potential of Tfh cells as therapeutic targets in autoimmune diseases.
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Antibodies , Autoimmune Diseases , Autoimmunity , B-Lymphocytes , Germinal Center , Immunity, Humoral , Immunoglobulin Class Switching , Lymphoid Tissue , Memory , Plasma Cells , T-Lymphocytes , T-Lymphocytes, Helper-InducerABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: Avaliar a resposta imune humoral do esquema de pré-exposição da raiva humana realizado pelas vias intramuscular e intradérmica e a necessidade de sorologia de controle. MÉTODOS: Estudo de intervenção controlado e randomizado, realizado em São Paulo, SP, em 2004-2005. Foram recrutados 149 voluntários, dos quais 127 (65 intradérmica e 62 intramuscular) completaram o esquema de vacinação e realizaram avaliação da resposta imune humoral dez, 90 e 180 dias após o término da vacinação. Foram considerados dois desfechos para a comparação entre as duas vias de aplicação: a média geométrica do título de anticorpos neutralizantes e a proporção de indivíduos com títulos satisfatórios (> 0,5 UI/mL) em cada momento de avaliação. Foi analisada a associação da resposta humoral com dados antropométricos e demográficos por meio de teste de médias e qui-quadrado com correção de Yates. Após a conclusão do esquema foram feitas a comparação da proporção de soropositivos pelo teste de Kruskall Wallis e a comparação dos títulos médios por análise de variância. RESULTADOS: Os títulos médios de anticorpos foram maiores nos indivíduos que receberam as vacinas por via intramuscular. A percentagem de voluntários com títulos satisfatórios (> 0,5 UI/mL) diminuiu com o tempo em ambos os grupos, porém, no grupo que recebeu as vacinas por via intradérmica, a proporção de títulos satisfatórios no dia 180 variou de 20 por cento a 25 por cento, enquanto pela via intramuscular variou de 63 por cento a 65 por cento. Não se observou associação da resposta imune humoral com as variáveis demográficas ou antropométricas. CONCLUSÕES: A sorologia após a terceira dose pode ser considerada desnecessária em indivíduos sob controle quanto à exposição, uma vez que 97 por cento e 100 por cento dos voluntários vacinados, respectivamente por via intradérmica e pela via intramuscular, apresentaram níveis de anticorpos satisfatórios (> 0,5 UI/mL).
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the humoral immune response to the pre-exposure schedule of human rabies vaccination through intradermal and intramuscular routes, as well as the need for serological monitoring. METHODS: A randomized and controlled intervention study was carried out in São Paulo, Southeastern Brazil, from 2004-2005. There were 149 volunteers, of which 127 completed the vaccination schedule (65 intradermal and 62 intramuscular) and underwent humoral immune response evaluation at ten, 90 and 180 days post-vaccination. Two outcomes were considered for comparing the two routes of administration: the geometric average of neutralizing antibody titers and the proportion of individuals with satisfactory titers (> 0.5 IU/mL) at each evaluation point. The association of the humoral immune response with anthropometric and demographic data was analyzed through a normal distribution test and a chi-square test with a Yates correction. After completion of the vaccination schedule, the proportion of seropositive results was compared by the Kruskall Wallis test, and the average titers were compared by variance analysis. RESULTS: the average antibody titers were higher in patients who were vaccinated intramuscularly. The percentage of volunteers with satisfactory titers (> 0.5 percent IU/mL) decreased over time in both groups. However, in the group vaccinated intradermally the rate of satisfactory titers on day 180 ranged from 20 percent to 25 percent, while the intramuscular route varied from 63 percent to 65 percent. An association between the humoral immune response and the demographic and anthropometric variables was not observed. CONCLUSIONS: Serology after the third dose can be considered unnecessary in unexposed patients, since 97 percent and 100 percent of volunteers respectively vaccinated by the intradermal and intramuscular route presented satisfactory antibody levels (> 0.5 percent IU/mL).
OBJETIVO: Evaluar la respuesta inmune humoral del esquema de pre-exposición de la rabia humana realizado por las vías intramuscular e intradérmica y la necesidad de serología de control. MÉTODOS: Estudio de intervención controlado y aleatorio, realizado en Sao Paulo, Sureste de Brasil, en 2004-2005. Fueron reclutados 149 voluntarios, de los cuales 127 (65 intradérmica y 62 intramuscular) completaron el esquema de vacunación y realizaron evaluación de la respuesta inmune humoral 10, 90 y 180 días posterior al término de la vacunación. Fueron considerados dos resultados para la comparación entre las dos vías de aplicación: el promedio geométrico del título de anticuerpos neutralizantes y la proporción de individuos con títulos satisfactorios (> 0,5 UI/mL) en cada momento de la evaluación. Fue analizada la asociación de la respuesta humoral con datos antropométricos y demográficos por medio de prueba de medias y chi-cuadrado con corrección de Yates. Posterior a la conclusión del esquema fueron realizadas la comparación de la proporción de seropositivos por la prueba de Kruskall Wallis y la comparación de los títulos promedios por análisis de varianza. RESULTADOS: Los títulos promedios de anticuerpos fueron mayores en los individuos que recibieron las vacunas por vía intramuscular. El porcentaje de voluntarios con títulos satisfactorios (> 0,5 UI/mL) disminuyó con el tiempo en ambos grupos, sin embargo, en el grupo que recibió vacuna por vía intradérmica la proporción de títulos satisfactorios en el día 180 varió de 20 por ciento a 25 por ciento, mientras que por la vía intramuscular varió de 63 por ciento a 65 por ciento. No se observó asociación de la respuesta inmune humoral con las variables demográficas o antropométricas. CONCLUSIONES: La serología posterior a la tercera dosis puede ser considerada innecesaria en individuos bajo control con respecto a la exposición, una vez que 97 por ciento y 100 por ciento de los voluntarios vacunados...
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Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Antibodies, Viral/immunology , Immunization Schedule , Rabies Vaccines/administration & dosage , Rabies Vaccines/immunology , Injections, Intradermal , Injections, Intramuscular , Rabies/prevention & controlABSTRACT
Objective To explore the effect of acute humoral rejection on kidney graft survival.Methods 1098 patients received cadaveric renal transplant from January 2002 to December 2008 in our center. All patients were given triple immunosuppressants including tacrolimus or cyclosporine.According to patients who experienced biopsy-proved humoral rejection and cellular rejection within one year post-transplant, there were 53 cases in humoral rejection group, 109 in cellular rejection group (including 63 patients with borderline change), and 936 in normal group. Patients who experienced acute rejection received mythyl-prednisolone pulse, or received anti-CD3 antibody/plasma exchange/globulin. Clinical characteristics before operation including sex, age, HLA mismatch, panel reactive antibody, cold/warm ischemic time, graft loss rate and graft survival were compared among three groups. The effect of completely reversed cellular rejection and humoral rejection on graft survival was analyzed. Results There was no significant difference in sex, age and cold ischemic time among three groups, but there was significant difference in warm ischemic time, level of PRA and HLA mismatch between cellular rejection group or humor rejection group and normal group (P＜0. 05). During a follow-up period, the incidence of graft loss in humoral rejection group was 27.4 %, significantly higher than 7.3 % in cellular rejection group and 2.2 % in normal group, P＜0. 001. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed the survival rate of grafts in humoral rejection group was significantly lower than in cellular rejection group and normal group (P＜0.001 ). After patients with irreversible rejection were excluded,there was no significant difference in the survival rate of grafts among the three groups.Conclusion Patients with acute humoral rejection survived with inferior graft outcome,but completely reversible rejection showed no effect on the graft survival.
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Objective To investigate the effect of C4d deposition in peritubular capillary (PTC)in chronic allograft nephropathy (CAN) on prognosis and intervention of renal transplantation recipients. Methods All the cases who received the renal graft biopsy due to diagnosis of CAN from January 2000 to August 2008, and had the 2-year follow-up data were included in the study. The clinical data were analyzed according to the C4d deposition in PTC. Results Among 86 cases 39 cases were C4d positive (C4d+ group) and the remaining 47 cases were negative (C4d group). There was no significant difference in sex, age, donor source, transplant times, time after biopsy, the panel reactive antibodies (PRA) level between two groups (P＞0. 05). Before intervention, there was no significant difference in serum creatinine (Scr) and 24 h urinary protein between two groups (P＞0. 05). At the end of 2-year followed-up period, graft loss rate and urinary protein levels in C4d+group were significantly higher than in C4d- group (P＜0. 05). Before intervention, the incidence of blood lipid disorder and hypertension was higher in C4d- group (P ＜ 0. 05 ), but no significant difference was found in uric acid and blood sugar levels (P＞0. 05). At the end of 2-year followed-up period, there was no significant difference in blood glucose, uric acid, blood pressure and lipid profile (eliminating renal lost cases) between two groups (P＞0. 05). Conclusion The patients with CAN and C4d+ means the involvement of chronic humoral rejection and have poor clinical results. Effective intervention against humoral immune response can improve renal allograft survival.
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La infección por el parásito Entamoeba histolytica es causa de disentería y absceso hepático amebianos, enfermedades asociadas con alta morbi-mortalidad. En el caso de la amebiosis hepática, el papel de la inmunidad humoral en la protección no ha sido del todo establecido pero tiene importancia en estudios seroepidemiológicos y métodos diagnósticos. La inmunidad celular es importante para el control de la infección y desarrollo de inmunidad protectora luego de amebiosis invasiva. Las técnicas de genética molecular y los nuevos modelos de experimentación han enseñado mucho acerca de la patogénesis de la amebiosis, su entendimiento adecuado junto con el conocimiento de la biología molecular y genética del parásito y los mecanismos inmunes del huésped permitirá no sólo el desarrollo de nuevas opciones diagnósticas y de tratamiento sino también de una vacuna efectiva y segura para eliminar la enfermedad.(AU)
Infection by the parasite Entamoeba histolytica causes amebic dysentery and amebic liver abscess, diseases associated with a high morbidity and mortality. In the case of amebic liver infection, the role of humoral immunity in protection has not been well established but it is important in seroidemiological studies and for diagnostic methods. Cellular immunity is important for the control of infection and the development of protective immunity after an invasive infection. Molecular genetic techniques and new experimental models have increased the knowledge on the pathogenesis of amebiasis. Its adequate understanding, together with the knowledge on the molecular biology and genetics of the parasite and of the host's immune mechanisms will allow the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic tools as well as the development of an effective and safe vaccine for eliminating the disease.(AU)
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Humans , Vaccines/supply & distribution , Dysentery/immunology , Immunity, Cellular , Liver Abscess, Amebic/immunology , Antibody Formation/immunologyABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the clinical value on the determination of the peripheral blood ICAM 1 level in Graves's disease(GD).Methods:The serum soluble Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1(sICAM 1)concentration were analyzed by ELISA and the expression of ICAM 1(CD54 +) on PB lymphocytes in 37 GD patients and 22 normal subject were measured,while TsAb,TpoAb,TGAb;CD4 +,CD3 +,CD8 +,CD19 +,CD25 +were examined by FACS.Each marker between the two groups and the positive rate between the TsAb and sICAM 1 whe compared.In addition ,the relationship between the ICAM 1 level on PB and immunity markers in GD patients were analysed.Results:The mean sICAM 1 concentration was significantly higher in untreatd GD patients than in normal controls(P