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Purpose To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and treatment of combined hepatocellular carcinoma-cholangio carcinoma (cHCC-CC).Methods 24 cases of cHCC-CC were collected.The clinical pathological characteristics,imaging,immunophenotyping and clinical features were retrospectively analyzed and reviewed the literature.Results There were 18 males and 6 females in 24 cases of cHCC-CC.The age ranged from 36 to 68 years (mean age was 54.38).Tumour location:right hepatic lobe in 15 cases,left hepatic lobe in 6 cases,both left lobe and right hepatic lobe in 1 case,hepatic caudate and left lateral lobe in 1 case,diffuse nodular liver tumors in 1 case.Grossly,the texture and color of tumor was related to the composition of tumor.Microscopically,classic cHCC-CC had two areas composed of hepatocellular carcinoma area and cholangiocar cinoma area of mixed distribution or migration distribution.3 cases were cHCC-CC with stem cell properties (cholangiolocellular carcinoma type,CLC type).Immunohistochemical staining revealed that HCC like area mainly expressed CD10,CK8,Hepatocyte and CD10,cHCC-CC area expressed CK7 and EMA.CLC type expressed the immunophenotypic features of intermediate type of HCC.Conclusion The clinical manifestations of cHCC-CC are not specific,the preoperative diagnosis is difficult,and it should be combined with pathological characteristics,imaging features and immunophenotype diagnosis.
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Objective To investigate the role of transcription factor Ets-1 involved in premature rupture of membranes(PROM) by detecting its expression and location in human fetal membranes. Methods Between Feb. and Nov. 2007, 100 pregnant women who delivered in the First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University were enrolled in this study. According to gestational weeks, rupture of amuiochorionic membranes and delivery mode, those women were classified into preterm labor group, preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) group, term labor group and term premature rupture of membranes (TPROM) group, matched with elective term cesarean sections women as control group. There were 20 pregnant women in every group. The expression and distribution of Ets-1 protein in fetal membranes were detected by immunohistochemical streptravidin-biotin peroxidase(SP) method and histoscore. In the mean time, 6 cases were chosen from each group randomly and reverse transcription-PCR was used to measure the Ets-1 mRNA expression. Results (1) The expression of Ets-1 mRNA in fetal membranes were 0.342±0.016 in preterm labor group,0.603±0.027 in PPROM group,0.325±0.013 in term labor group, 0.582±0.075 in TPROM group,0.139±0.012 in control group, respectively. When compared with that in control group, Ets-1 mRNA expression were significantly increased in both PPROM and TPROM group(P< 0.05). However, it did not show remarkably difference between preterm group and term labor group, as well as between PPROM and TPROM group (P>0.05). (2) Ets-1 was in stromal layers of amniochorionic membranes and in both cytoplasm and nuclei of trophoblast, which were shown with diffuse intracellular positive granularities (brown-yellow) clearly. No expression of Ets-1 was observed in amniotic epithelial cells. (3) The expression of Ets-1 protein was 0.552±0.018 in preterm labor group, 2.853±0.174 in PPROM group, 0.538±0.042 in term labor group, 2.731±0.090 in TPROM group and 0.214±0.013 in control group, respectively. Ets-1 protein was significantly increased in the stroma of both PPROM and TPROM group than that in control group(P<0.05). However, no remarkable different expression of Ets-1 was observed between preterm and term labor group,so was that between PPROM and TPROM group(P> 0.05). Conclusion Transcription factor Ets-1 is expressed in human amniochorionic membranes and it could be up-regulated in PROM.
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Objective To study the expression of PTEN,Fas and DCR3 in human gastric cancer and evaluate their effects on carcinogenesis,cell proliferation,invasion and metastasis of gastric carcinoma,as well as clinical significance.Methods The expression of PTEN,Fas and DCR3 were detected by immunohistochemical method (streptavidin-peroxidase) in the tissues of 75 primary gastric carcinomas and 15 gastric ulcers.Results The positive expression rate of DCR3 in gastric carcinoma tissues was significantly higher than that in normal tissues,and the expression of PTEN and Fas was obviously lower than that in normal tissues (P<0.01).The expression of DCR3 was negatively correlated with Fas and PTEN respectively (r=-0.720,P<0.001; r=-0.336,P<0.001).There was a positive correlation between PTEN and Fas.The expression of PTEN,Fas and DCR3 was closely correlated with lymph node metastasis,clinical stage,histological differentiation grade and tumor depth of gastric cancer,but not related to sex,age and tumor size (P>0.05).Conclusion PTEN,DCR3 and Fas have mutual restrictive relationships in the process of invasion and metastasis in gastric cancer.Detecting the expression of PTEN,Fas and DCR3 in gastric cancer is helpful to judge the malignant biological behavior of gastric cancer at a different angle,which may be considered as reliability index in clinic diagnosis,judging curative effect and monitoring the prognosis of gastric carcinoma.
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Objective To investigate renal expression of ApoE in human lupus nephritis (LN) and its relationship with renal damages.Methods Renal expression of ApoE was examined in 40 LN patient biopsy samples by immunohistochemieal staining.The relationship between ApoE levels" and renal pathologic changes,renal injuries was analyzed.Results Only weak ApoE expression was found in normal renal tissue.The expression of ApoE was significantly higher in LN patients [ glomerular:(31.2±11.0) vs (3.0±1.6);tub-ular:(71.64±8.90) vs (0.60±0.06)].The expression of ApoE was higher in class IV than non-class IV LN [glomerular: (38.4±4.5) vs (18.0±4.6);tubular: (77.6±2.5) vs (60.0±3.2)].Spearman's relation-ship analysis showed that the expression of ApoE in glomerular and tubular was closely related to the renal histological score activity index and functional changes in LN (P＜0.01).Conclusion The expression of ApoE is high in renal tissues of LN,especially in class IV,and the high expression may be associated with LN activity and progressive renal dysfunction.
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Objective To investigate the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) α/δ/γ protein and the effect of berberine on them in diabetic rat kidney.Methods Type 2 diabetic rats were induced by injection (ip) with streptozotocin 35 mg·kg1 and feeding with a high-carbohydrate/high-fat diet for 16 weeks.From week 17 to 32, diabetic rats were given low, middle, high-dose berberine 75, 150, 300 mg×kg-1, fenofibrate 100 mg×kg1 and rosiglitazone 4 mg×kg-1, respectively.The expression of PPARα/δ/γ protein in kidney were detected by immunohistochemistry.Results The expression of PPARα and PPARδ protein in the kidney of diabetic rat, which were significantly higher than that of the control one (P＜0.01), while PPARγ expression was obviously lower than that of the control one (P＜0.01).The expression of PPARα and PPARδ in in diabetic kidney were increased notably after middle-dose, high-dose berberine and fenofibrate treatment (P＜0.01);middle-dose, high-dose berberine and rosiglitazone treatment significantly reduced PPARγ expression (P＜0.01).Conclusion Berberine can restore the disturbed PPARα/δ/γ protein expression in diabetic rat kidney.
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Objective To investigate the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) α/δ/γ protein and the effect of berberine on them in diabetic rat kidney.Methods Type 2 diabetic rats were induced by injection (ip) with streptozotocin 35 mg·kg1 and feeding with a high-carbohydrate/high-fat diet for 16 weeks.From week 17 to 32, diabetic rats were given low, middle, high-dose berberine 75, 150, 300 mg×kg-1, fenofibrate 100 mg×kg1 and rosiglitazone 4 mg×kg-1, respectively.The expression of PPARα/δ/γ protein in kidney were detected by immunohistochemistry.Results The expression of PPARα and PPARδ protein in the kidney of diabetic rat, which were significantly higher than that of the control one (P＜0.01), while PPARγ expression was obviously lower than that of the control one (P＜0.01).The expression of PPARα and PPARδ in in diabetic kidney were increased notably after middle-dose, high-dose berberine and fenofibrate treatment (P＜0.01);middle-dose, high-dose berberine and rosiglitazone treatment significantly reduced PPARγ expression (P＜0.01).Conclusion Berberine can restore the disturbed PPARα/δ/γ protein expression in diabetic rat kidney.
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Objective To investigate the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) α/δ/γ protein and the effect of berberine on them in diabetic rat kidney.Methods Type 2 diabetic rats were induced by injection (ip) with streptozotocin 35 mg·kg1 and feeding with a high-carbohydrate/high-fat diet for 16 weeks.From week 17 to 32, diabetic rats were given low, middle, high-dose berberine 75, 150, 300 mg×kg-1, fenofibrate 100 mg×kg1 and rosiglitazone 4 mg×kg-1, respectively.The expression of PPARα/δ/γ protein in kidney were detected by immunohistochemistry.Results The expression of PPARα and PPARδ protein in the kidney of diabetic rat, which were significantly higher than that of the control one (P＜0.01), while PPARγ expression was obviously lower than that of the control one (P＜0.01).The expression of PPARα and PPARδ in in diabetic kidney were increased notably after middle-dose, high-dose berberine and fenofibrate treatment (P＜0.01);middle-dose, high-dose berberine and rosiglitazone treatment significantly reduced PPARγ expression (P＜0.01).Conclusion Berberine can restore the disturbed PPARα/δ/γ protein expression in diabetic rat kidney.