Himen imperforado con hematocolpos. A propósito de un caso / Imperforate hymen with hematocolpos. Apropos of a case

RESUMEN Los defectos en la canalización de la membrana himeneal causan obstrucción del tracto genital femenino. Como consecuencia aparece hematocolpos, resultante de la acumulación y retención de secreciones cervicovaginales -sangre en útero y vagina-, ante la imposibilidad de su evacuación por la presencia de un himen imperforado. Clínicamente aparece masa abdominal, asociada con malformaciones vaginales congénitas. Se presentó el caso de una adolescente de 13 años que refirió retención urinaria, disuria, dolor y masa en hipogastrio, y ausencia de la menarquía a pesar de un desarrollo puberal en estadio Tanner III. Al realizar ultrasonido se constató sangre en el útero, debido a imperforación himeneal que se resolvió mediante himenotomía. La patología de himen imperforado con hematocolpos debe estar entre los posibles planteamientos sindrómicos de aquellas pacientes con cuadros similares; puede diagnosticarse en la Atención Primaria de Salud a partir de una detallada anamnesis y exploración física, aunque la comprobación requiere ecografía (AU).

ABSTRACT The defects in the channeling of the himeneal membrane cause obstruction in the female genital tract. As consequence hematocolpos appears, resulting from the accumulation and retention of cervicovaginal secretions -blood in the uterus and vagina-, due to the impossibility of its evacuation because of the presence of an imperforate hymen. Clinically, abdominal mass appears associated to congenital vaginal malformations. We presented the case of teenager aged 13 years that referred urine retention, dysuria, pain, had a mass in the hypogastrium, and absence of menarche in spite of a Tanner III pubertal development. An ultrasound showed blood in the uterus due to hymeneal imperforation solved through hymenotomy. The pathology of imperforate hymen with hematocolpos should be among the possible syndrome considerations in those patients with the same characteristics; it can be diagnosed in the primary health care from anamnesis and physical exploration, although the verification requires an ultrasound (AU).

Himen imperforado y hematocolpos por retención urinaria y dolor abdominal: reporte de un caso clínico / Imperforate hymen and hematocolpos as a cause of urinary retention and abdominal pain: A clinical case report

Resumen ANTECEDENTES: El himen imperforado es una malformación congénita del aparato genital femenino, con incidencia de 0.1%. El desarrollo del himen ocurre con la proliferación de los senos bulbo-vaginales y estos se perforan de forma normal antes o después del nacimiento. Al llegar a la adolescencia, la mayoría de los casos suelen manifestar: amenorrea, dolor pélvico, retención urinaria, o los tres. CASO CLÍNICO: Paciente de 12 años, llevada al servicio de Urgencias debido a dolor abdominal intenso y retención urinaria. Primero se estableció el diagnóstico de quiste gigante de ovario; sin embargo, la laparotomía exploradora no evidenció alteraciones ováricas. Mediante estudios de imagen y la exploración física detallada se estableció el diagnóstico de hematocolpos e himen imperforado. Se decidió efectuar la himenoplastia, con lo que se resolvió el cuadro clínico. CONCLUSIONES: El himen imperforado puede causar retención urinaria y dolor abdominal; por tanto, la manifestación de estos síntomas debe considerarse en el diagnóstico diferencial de pacientes adolescentes.

Abstract BACKGROUND: Imperforate hymen is an uncommon congenital malformation of the genital tract, its incidence is 0.1%. Physiologically the development of the hymen occurs for the proliferation of the sinovaginal bulbs, they usually will perforate before or after born. The majority of cases will show clinical manifestations when patient reach puberty, the most common are pelvic pain, amenorrhea and urinary retention. CLINICAL CASE: This is a 12-year-old adolescent patient who went to the emergency department for severe abdominal pain and urinary retention. Initially, the patient was diagnosed with a giant ovarian cyst and a laparotomy was performed without finding ovarian pathology. However, through imaging studies and a more detailed physical examination, the diagnosis of hematocolpos and imperforate hymen was reached. The patient was subsequently subjected to hymenoplasty, which resolved the condition. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of imperforate hymen can cause urinary retention and abdominal pain. It should be suspected in adolescent patients.

Cryptomenorrhoea due to imperforate hymen: a case report

Imperforate hymen is a rare obstructive congenital anomaly of the female genital tract which arises as a result of complete failure of canalisation of the inferior end of the vaginal plate at the junction between the urogenital sinus and the vagina. Its prevalence is 0.05%-0.1%. We are presenting a case of 14 years old girl who came with complaints of lower abdominal pain since 10 days not associated with nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea. She had not attained menarche but her secondary sexual characters were developed with breast, pubic and axillary hair in tanner stage 4. MRI revealed hematocolpos and hematometra with imperforate hymen. Hymenotomy was performed and 300-400 ml of thick tarry colour blood was drained. Her postoperative period was uneventful, and patient was discharged in satisfactory condition. On follow up after 1 month, patient resumed normal menses.

A Case of Imperforate Hymen with Urinary Retention after Puberty

Imperforate hymen is rare, with a low incidence of 1/16,000–30,000 in newborns. Most symptoms occur because of the accumulation of menstrual blood after puberty. In rare cases it can be found before puberty. Periodic abdominal pain, discomfort of the pelvic region, and the like are most commonly observed, and these symptoms increase at bowel movement. Usually a 13- to 15-year-old girl does not experience menarche. Continuous accumulation of menstrual blood leads to vaginal hematoma, or even to hysterovaginal, ovarian, or abdominal hematomas. Rarely, compression of the surrounding tissues can result in upper back pain, dysuria, frequent urination, or oliguria. We report on a rare case of imperforate hymen with urinary retention.

Congenital Hydrocolpos Mimicking a Mature Cystic Teratoma in the Pelvis

Neonatal hydrocolpos is a rare condition that involves fluid accumulation in the vagina. On diagnostic imaging, the dilated vagina, along with the compressed uterus, can simulate a mature cystic teratoma with a mural nodule. Herein, we report the case of a newborn girl with congenital hydrocolpos that was caused by an imperforate hymen; the hydrocolpos mimicking a mature cystic teratoma on abdominal ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging. Any newborn girl with a pelvic cystic mass should be suspected as having a congenital vaginal obstruction manifesting as hydrocolpos or hydrometrocolpos. Thorough examination of the external genitalia, as well as imaging of the uterus and vagina, enables correct diagnosis and optimal treatment.

Dolor abdominal como síntoma de himen imperforado / Abdominal pain as a symptom of imperforate hymen

El himen imperforado es una anomalía congénita del desarrollo genital femenino. A pesar de ser la anomalía obstructiva más frecuente, presenta una incidencia estimada del 0,1% de las recién nacidas. Su diagnóstico es principalmente clínico, habitualmente ante la presencia de dolor abdominal cíclico en una adolescente que no ha presentado la menarquia. Presentamos el caso de una paciente de 12 años de edad que acudió al Servicio de Urgencias por dolor abdominal intenso, acompañado de alteración del hábito intestinal de dos días de evolución. Tras una detallada anamnesis y exploración física, es diagnosticada de himen imperforado con el apoyo de las pruebas complementarias. El cuadro clínico se resolvió tras la realización de una himenectomía.

Imperforate hymen is a congenital anomaly of female genital development. Although it is the most common obstructive anomaly has an estimated incidence of 0.1% of newborn. The diagnosis is primarily clinical, usually in the presence of cyclic abdominal pain in an adolescent who has not submitted menarche. We report the case of a 12 years old woman came to the emergency department by abdominal intense pain accompanied by altered bowel habit in two days. After a detailed history and physical examination, was diagnosed with imperforate hymen with the support of additional tests. The clinical symptoms resolved after performing a hymenectomy.

Imperforate Hymen Causing Hematocolpos and Acute Urinary Retention in a 14-Year-Old Adolescent

We report the case of a 14-year-old girl who visited the emergency room because of suprapubic discomfort and sudden acute urinary retention. She did not have any significant medical and surgical history, and her neurological examinations were all normal. Urinary catheterization led to the passage of 500 mL urine. Abdominal ultrasonography showed a hematocolpos that was compressing the urinary bladder. Gynecologic history taking revealed that the patient has not had menarche yet. Therefore, a cruciate incision was performed and her urination became normal. As the surgical outcome after adequate hymenotomy for imperforate hymen is usually good, the diagnosis of imperforate hymen is important. However, this condition is easily missed in the clinic because the first physician visited by the patient rarely takes a detailed gynecologic history or performs appropriate physical examinations. Although rare, imperforate hymen should be considered as a cause of acute urinary retention in the adolescence period. If an adolescent girl presents with abdominal pain and voiding dysfunction, a detailed gynecologic history and appropriate physical examinations of the genital introitus should be performed.

Himen imperforado como causa de dolor abdominal en la adolescencia: A propósito de un caso / Imperforate hymen as a cause of abdominal pain in adolescents: a case report

El himen imperforado es una anomalía congénita del desarrollo genital femenino. Es una patología poco frecuente, con una incidencia estimada del 0,1% de los recién nacidos del sexo femenino. En muchas ocasiones, el diagnóstico pasa inadvertido hasta la pubertad y debuta con dolor abdominal cíclico en adolescentes que no han presentado la menarquia. El diagnóstico se basa en la anamnesis y la exploración física, aunque las pruebas complementarias, en especial la ecografía, permiten la comprobación del diagnóstico clínico y la exclusión de otras malformaciones genitales. Se presenta el caso clínico de una paciente de 13 años que fue diagnosticada tras consultar en varias ocasiones por dolor abdominal recurrente.

The imperforate hymen is a congenital anomaly of the female genital development. This is a rare pathology with an estimated incidence of 0.1% in female newborns. In many cases, the diagnosis goes unnoticed until puberty, debuting with cyclical abdominal pain in adolescents who have not submitted menarche. Diagnosis is based on history and physical examination, although additional tests, especially the ultrasound that allows to confrm clinical diagnosis and to exclude other genital malformations. We report a case of a 13-year-old that was diagnosed after consulting several times for recurrent abdominal pain.

Hematocolpos en la infancia. A propósito de un caso / Hematocolpos in Childhood. A case Report

El hematocolpos no es común en nuestro medio, sigue a alteraciones en la génesis del aparato genitourinario femenino; entre las cuales, el himen imperforado es la malformación congénita más frecuente. La sintomatología suele ser variable e inespecífica; el dolor abdominal y los síntomas urinarios es la forma de presentación clínica más usual. La ecografía abdominal-pélvica y la tomografía axial computarizada confirman el diagnóstico y ayudan a descartar otras malformaciones asociadas. Se presentó un caso de una adolescente afectada por esta enfermedad.

The hematocolpos is not common disease. It follow to the alterations in the genesis of female urogenital apparatus among which the imperforate hymen is the most common congenital malformation. The symptoms are variable and nonspecific. The abdominal pain and urinary symptoms is the most common clinical presentation. Abdominal-pelvic ultrasonography and computed tomography help to confirm the diagnosis as well as to find other associated malformations. This article presented a case of an adolescent affected by this disease.

Imperfuração himenal: a importância do diagnóstico precoce / Imperforate hymen: the importance of early diagnosis

Relata-se um caso de imperfuração himenal diagnosticado na adolescência. Estabelece-se a importância do diagnóstico precoce. Informa-se que toda adolescente com amenorreia, dor abdominal, tumor palpável na região hipogástrica e com retenção urinária aguda pode ter o diagnóstico de imperfuração himenal. Reitera-se que o exame dagenitália externa deve ser feito de rotina.

The authors report a case of imperforate hymen diagnosed in adolescence. The importance of early diagnosis is established. The paper advises that all adolescents with amenorrhea, abdominal pain, palpable tumors in the hypogastric region and with acute urinary retention may have a diagnosis of imperforate hymen. It also reiterates that theexamination of the external genitalia should routinely be made.

A Case of Imperforate Hymen with Acute Urinary Retention

Imperforate hymen is, with an incidence of 0.1%, a rare female anomaly, which can appear with symptoms such as lower abdominal pain, primary amenorrhea, dysuria, anuria, caused by retention of menstrual blood after the onset of menstruation. Generally urinary retention is caused by psychological conditions, drug effect, infection or congenital anomaly causing acute urinary obstruction. We experienced a patient with symptoms of acute urinary retention, suggesting acute urinary obstruction. The cause for the retention turned out to be an imperforated hymen, which should therefore be mentioned in the literature as a possible cause in cases suspected of urinary retention.

Imperfuração himenal: seguimento de caso por dois anos / Imperforate hymen: follow-up case for two years

A imperfuração himenal é uma anomalia na qual o orifício vaginal é totalmente ocluído, o que retém a secreção menstrual. A incidência é variável com taxas de 0,014% a 0,1% em fetos a termo. No período pré-púbere, geralmente é assintomática. Descreve-se o caso de uma paciente de 15 anos de idade que procurou atendimento médico com queixa de dor no abdome inferior, aumento de volume abdominal progressivo em um ano e piora na primeira semana de cada mês. A história e o exame físico direcionaram ao diagnóstico de imperfuração himenal, confirmada como massa cística pélvica na ultrassonografia. O propósito deste relato é ilustrar a ocorrência de imperfuração himenal e seguimento pela ultrassonografia posterior à himenectomia, indicando prognóstico bom nos casos de imperfuração himenal sem anomalias do trato urinário.

The imperforate hymen is an anomaly in which the vaginal opening is completely occluded, causing retention of menstrual discharge. The incidence is very controversial and variable, ranging from 0.014% to 0.1% in fetuses at term. In the pre-puberty are usually asymptomatic. The authors describe the case of a 15-year-old patient who sought medical care complaining of pain in lower abdomen, progressive abdominal distention in one year and a worsening in the first week of each month. The history and physical examination directed to the diagnosis of imperforate hymen confirmed as a cystic mass on pelvic ultrasound. The purpose of this report is to illustrate the occurrence of imperforate hymen and follow-up ultrasonography after himenectomia, indicating good prognosis in cases of imperforate hymen without urinary tract abnormalities.

Hidrocolpos neonatal / Neonatal hydrocolpos

Se presenta el caso de un recién nacido del sexo femenino, raza blanca, hija de matrimonio no consanguíneo e historia familiar negativa de defectos congénitos, a quien se detectó, a las 62 h de nacida, una tumoración de aproximadamente 2 cm de diámetro, de aspecto deslustrado, renitente, que protruía a través del introito vaginal al llanto. Se realizó valoración conjunta con especialistas en cirugía pediátrica, urología pediátrica, ginecoobstetricia, radiología, genética clínica y cardiología, y se iniciaron los estudios necesarios. Se diagnosticó un hidrocolpos neonatal por himen imperforado. Se realizó una himenotomía al cuarto día de vida y se evacuó abundante cantidad de secreción seromucosa. Se dio el alta a la paciente con 16 días y evolución satisfactoria. Se realiza una caracterización clínica de la patología y se ofrece una revisión actualizada sobre el tema. Se presentan además fotografías del caso.

This is the case of a white female newborn, child of a non-consanguinity married couple and a with negative family history of congenital defects in whom at 62 hours of born a dull, renitent tumor of almost 2 cm diameter, and protruding through the vaginae introitus when she cried was detected. Authors made a joint assessment with specialists in pediatric and urology surgery, gynecology-obstetrics, radiology, clinical genetics and cardiology. A hymenotomy was performed at 4 days of life voiding an abundant amount of seromucous secretion. Patient was discharged at 16 days and a satisfactory course. A clinical characterization of pathology was made offering an updated review on thus matter. Photographies from this case are showed.

Volumoso hidrocolpo em neonato: relato de caso / Newborn hydrocolpos secondary to congenital imperforate hymen: a case report

Os autores relatam um caso de hímen imperfurado congênito determinando volumoso hidrocolpo em recém-nascido. Esta anomalia é uma condição rara, pois a maioria dos casos de hímen imperfurado é diagnosticada na fase pré-púbere com o atraso da menarca. O objetivo deste relato é demonstrar os achados ultrassonográficos do hidrocolpo no recém-nato e realizar uma breve revisão de literatura sobre o assunto. É de fundamental importância nestes pacientes o rastreamento de outras malformações congênitas que podem estar associadas ao quadro.

The authors report a case of newborn hydrocolpos secondary to congenital imperforate hymen. This anomaly is a rare condition, since most cases of imperforate hymen are diagnosed in the prepubertal period with the delay of menarche. The objective of this report is to demonstrate ultrasound findings of newborn hydrocolpos and make a review of literature about it. It is vital to search other congenital malformations that may be associated.

A case of imperforate hymen in newborn infant causing hydrometrocolpos and hydronephrosis / 대한산부인과학회지

Imperforate hymen is a common congenital malformation, but usually remains asymptomatic and not detected until menarche. Neonatal hydrometrocolpos caused by imperforate hymen is reported to be very rare. We report a case of hydrometrocolpos in newborn presenting with pelvic mass and bulging membrane in vaginal introitus causing both hydronephrosis which is treated surgically with good result.

A Case of Imperforate Hymen with Hematocolpometra / 대한산부인과학회지

Imperforate hymen is a rare congenital malformation, but it can make hematocolpometra and complications. In most cases definite finding is noticed after menarche as retention of menstrual flow results in abdominal pain, distension of the lower abdomen and often in acute urinary retention. A case of imperforate hymen associated with hematocolpometra at age of 12 was treated satisfactorily by simple crucial incision of hymen and drained of about 450 cc of tarry blood. We present a case of imperforate hymen with a brief review of literatures concerned.

A Case of Neonatal Hydrometrocolpos Accompanying Urinary Tract Obstruction / 소아과

Neonatal hydrometrocolpos is the cystic dilatation of the vagina and uterus, which is caused by the combination of vaginal obstruction such as imperforate hymen, transverse vaginal septum, or vaginal atresia, and glandular secretion by maternal estrogenic stimulation. Although hydrometrocolpos is a rare congenital abnormality unlike pubertal hematocolpos, it is one of the relatively common abdominal masses in neonates. In typical cases the diagnosis may be determined easily by the combination of a pelvic mass, upper urinary tract dilatation and a bulging membrane in the vaginal introitus. The presense of a lower abdominal mass in a female infant should always arouse suspicion of hydrometrocolpos and lead to careful examination of the vagina. We report a case of neonatal hydrometrocolpos due to imperforate hymen which was initially presented as a large abdominal mass and a bulging membrane in the vaginal introitus. For 72 hrs, the abdominal mass increased rapidly, accompanied by urinary tract obstruction. It was relieved by a simple incision of the imperforate hymen and drainage of 300 cc of whitish mucoid vaginal fluid, and by Foley catheter drainage of 750 cc urine. No other anomaly was observed.

Two Cases of Imperforate Hymen with Hematocolpometra / 대한산부인과학회잡지

Imperforate hymen is a rare congenital malformation. Two cases of imperforate hymen regarded to congenital origin, and formed hematocolpometra. In most instances definite finding is noticed after menarche as retention of menstrual flow results in abdominal pain, distension of the lower abdomen and often in acute urinary retention. Two cases of imperforate hymen associated with hematocolpora, hematometra and abdominal distension at age of 14 and 16 were treated satisfactorily by simple crucial incision of hymen, and drained of about 800 cc and 600 cc of tarry blood respectively. We present two cases of imperforate hymen with review of the literatures.