ABSTRACT
Anemia in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is accompanied by reticulocytopenia in most patients. Reticulocytosis, when present, is generally less than appropriate to the degree of anemia and rarely exceeds 10%. In this report, three patients with MDS with persistent reticulocytosis are presented. In vitro reticulocyte survival studies have suggested that the reticulocytosis was caused by delay in maturation of the reticulocytes. Anemia with reticulocytosis, mimicking hemolytic disease, may be an unusual presentation of myelodysplastic syndrome, but, we emphasize that MDS should be included in the differential diagnosis of every patient presenting with anemia and high reticulocyte count. In vitro reticulotye survival study is easy to assess and valuable to diagnose this disease entity.