ABSTRACT
Objective:To evaluate the clinical curative effect of invigorating the spleen and kidney and regulating menstrual cycle treament combined with Dong's extra-point acupuncture on polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).Methods:According to random number table method, 70 patients with PCOS meeting inclusion criteria in the hospital were divided into western medicine group (23 cases), TCM group (23 cases) and combination group (24 cases) between January and December 2020. The western medicine was treated with ethinylestradiol and cyproterone acetate tablets, TCM group was treated with invigorating the spleen and kidney and regulating menstrual cycle treatment, and combination group was treated with invigorating the spleen and kidney and regulating menstrual cycle treatment and Dong's extra-point acupuncture. All the three groups were treated continuously for 3 menstrual cycles. Before and after treatment, levels of testosterone, estradiol, FSH and LH were detected by full-automatic immunoluminescence analyzer. The ovaries were detected by color Doppler ultrasound diagnostic apparatus. The ovarian volume, number of follicles and adverse reactions were recorded. The clinical curative effect was evaluated.Results:The differences in total response rate among western medicine group, TCM group and combination group were statistically significant [52.17% (12/23), 60.87% (14/23) vs. 87.50% (21/24), P<0.05]. After treatment, levels of testosterone [(1.02±0.12) μg/L vs. (1.23±0.25) μg/L, (1.46±0.19) μg/L, F=30.47], estradiol [(40.18±12.31) ng/L vs. (48.62±12.58) ng/L, (50.73±12.37) ng/L, F=4.78] and LH [(6.87±2.45) U/L vs. (8.28±2.29) U/L, (8.54±2.51) U/L, F=3.26] in combination group were significantly lower than those in the TCM group and western medicine group ( P<0.05). After treatment, ovarian volume [(7.05±2.34) m 3vs. (8.79±2.11) m 3, (9.12±2.18) m 3, F=5.97] in combination group was significantly lower than that in TCM group and western medicine group ( P<0.05), and number of follicles (<10 mm) (8.28±2.24 vs. 9.67±2.40, 10.15±2.64, F=3.77) was significantly lower than that of TCM group and western medicine group ( P<0.05). During treatment, difference in incidence of adverse reactions among western medicine group, Tiaozhou group and combination group was not statistically significant [21.7% (5/23), 13.0% (3/23) vs. 8.3% (2/24), P>0.05]. Conclusion:The invigorating the spleen and kidney and regulating menstrual cycle treatment combined with Dong's extra-point acupuncture can regulate levels of sex hormones, promote follicles development and ovulation, and improve ovarian morphology of PCOS patients safely.
ABSTRACT
Abstract: The lack of implementation of well-designed public policies aimed at the conservation of natural ecosystems has resulted, at a global level, in the decline of ecosystem functioning and, consequently, of the contributions they make to people. The poor enforcement of important environmental legislation in Brazil - for instance, the "Atlantic Forest Law" (Law n.11.428/2006) and the "Forest Code" (Law n.12.651/2012) - could compromise the overall maintenance of ecosystems and the services they provide. To explore the implications of different levels of federal laws' enforcement within the Cantareira System Protected Area (PA) - a PA in southeastern Brazil that provides fresh water for 47% of the Sao Paulo Metropolitan Area -, we developed a conceptual framework to identify indirect and direct drives of biodiversity and ecosystem changes. We also projected four land-use scenarios to 2050 to test the effects of deforestation control and forest restoration practices on biodiversity and ecosystem services maintenance: the "business-as-usual" scenario (BAU), which assumes that all trends in land-use cover changes observed in the past will continue in the future, and three alternative exploratory scenarios considering the Atlantic Forest Law implementation, the partial implementation of the Forest Code and the full implementation of the Forest Code. Using the land-use maps generated for each scenario, we assessed the impacts of land-use changes on biodiversity conservation and soil retention. Our results revealed all alternative scenarios could increase biodiversity conservation (by 7%; 12%; and 12%, respectively), reduce soil loss (by 24.70%; 34.70%; and 38.12%, respectively) and sediment exportation to water (by 27.47%; 55.06%; and 59.28%, respectively), when compared to the BAU scenario. Our findings highlight the importance of restoring and conserving native vegetation for the maintenance and improvement of biodiversity conservation and for the provision of ecosystem services.
Resumo: A falta de implementação de políticas públicas voltadas para a conservação ambiental, tem resultado, em nível global, em impactos sobre a biodiversidade e o funcionamento dos ecossistemas e, consequentemente, na contribuição da natureza para as pessoas. A aplicação inadequada de importantes de leis ambientais no Brasil, como por exemplo, a "Lei da Mata Atlântica" (Lei nº 11.428 / 2006) e o "Código Florestal" (Lei nº 12.651 / 2012), podem comprometer a manutenção dos ecossistemas e dos serviços que eles fornecem. Neste estudo, nós desenvolvemos um mapa conceitual que busca identificar causas diretas e indiretas de mudanças - agentes de mudança - na biodiversidade e na provisão de serviços ecossistêmicos relacionados ao solo e à água, na Área de Proteção Ambiental (APA) Sistema Cantareira. A APA Sistema Cantareira, localizada no sudeste do Brasil, fornece água potável para 47% da Região Metropolitana de São Paulo. Além da abordagem conceitual, nós projetamos quatro cenários de mudança no uso da terra para o ano de 2050, a fim de analisar o impacto de diferentes níveis de aplicação de leis federais: o cenário "business-as-usual" (BAU), que pressupõe que as tendências na mudança de uso da terra observadas no passado continuarão no futuro, e três cenários alternativos, considerando a implementação da Lei da Mata Atlântica, a implementação parcial do Código Florestal e a implementação completa do Código Florestal. A partir dos mapas de uso da terra gerados, avaliamos os impactos de cada cenário na conservação da biodiversidade, na retenção de solos e na exportação de sedimentos para os corpos d'água. Nossos resultados mostraram que os três cenários alternativos podem aumentar a conservação da biodiversidade (em 7%; 12%; e 12%, respectivamente), reduzir a perda de solo (em 24,70%; 34,70%; e 38,12%, respectivamente) e reduzir a exportação de sedimentos para a água (em 27,47 %; 55,06%; e 59,28%, respectivamente), quando comparados ao cenário BAU. Este estudo destaca a importância da restauração e conservação da vegetação nativa para a manutenção da biodiversidade e melhoria na provisão de serviços ecossistêmicos relacionados ao solo e à água, em uma região estratégica para o abastecimento de água no Brasil.