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Objective:To investigate Chinese myocarditis burden and trends in 1990 and 2019.Methods:Based on the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 data, the number of patients, the number of new cases, the number of deaths, the disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), as well as the morbidity, mortality, DALYs rate and their age-standardized rates were used to analyze the trend and the burden of myocarditis in the Chinese population in 1990 and 2019.Results:In 2019, the number of patients, the number of new cases and the number of deaths with myocarditis in China were 234 900, 275 100 and 13 100 respectively, increasing by 85.62%, 47.51% and 50.22% compared with 1990. The age-standardized incidence and mortality were 16.94/100 000 and 0.92/100 000, respectively. Compared with 1990, the age-standardized incidence in 2019 decreased by 6.06%, and the mortality decreased by 16.04% respectively. The age-standardized incidence and mortality of Chinese male patients with myocarditis were higher than that of female. Compared with 1990, the age group with the largest incidence and mortality of myocarditis in China in 2019 all shifted to the elder group. And, DALYs and age-normalized DALYs due to myocarditis in China showed a decreasing trend in 2019, from 458 600 and 42.51/100 000 in 1990 to 341 300 and 25.39/100 000 in 2019, respectively. The rate of DALYs and age-standardized DALYs in male patients was always higher than female.Conclusions:Compared with 1990, the overall burden of myocarditis in China showed a downward trend in 2019, and the burden of myocarditis in male patients was higher than female. More attention should be paid to the burden of myocarditis in Chinese elderly population.
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La gestion du malade dans l?univers hospitalier implique non seulement le personnel soignant, mais aussi d?autres acteurs sociaux encore moins connus des gestionnaires des structures hospitalières et des catégories socio professionnelles y évoluant. Parmi ces acteurs encore moins connu, il y a le garde-malade faisant partie du personnel hospitalier en charge de la prise en charge des patients en milieu hospitalier. Cependant au Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire de Brazzaville en République du Congo, les garde-malades sont constitués des parents, amis et connaissances dont la représentation est importante dans cet univers hospitalier. Cette représentation aussi remarquable soit elle, interpelle plus d?un observateur au point de s?interroger sur les raisons à l?origine de cette présence. Notre étude répond à la logique qui est celle de tenter de comprendre et d?analyser ce phénomène devenu très inquiétant. Ce phénomène est donc à lire dans la perspective de la complexité des réalités sociales qui s?expliquent à partir des déterminants socio culturels, fondements de la vie sociale. Aussi, la faiblesse des services sous tutelle du C.H.U-B et la culture bantoue, laquelle repose sur la solidarité mécanique qui, appelle à la cohésion sociale, constituent des facteurs qui expliquent ce phénomène. A cet effet, une observation participante a été effectuée dans cette structure hospitalière. Celle-ci a permis de relever une influence importante qui, pour diverses raisons réponde aux préoccupations des malades. Cette étude présente trois intérêts : scientifique, social et personnel. D?abord, elle montre la difficulté en ressources humaines qui se traduit par la sous représentativité des catégories socio professionnelles qui, contribueraient à résoudre la question de l?effectivité de prise en charge du malade. Ensuite, l?étude présente un autre intérêt qui met en exergue la cohésion sociale qui, s?exprime à travers la chaine de solidarité dont la famille est le maillon. Le dernier centre d?intérêt est personnel. Il met en relief un aspect culturel très intéressant, celui de l?homogénéité et de la dynamique des rapports des acteurs impliqués dans la gestion du malade. Quoi qu?il en soit, le garde-malade joue un rôle de premier plan dans la gestion du malade. Il accompagne le personnel soignant, car partageant le même environnement social que le malade. Aussi, sa visibilité nécessite un encadrement juridique pour lui donner une véritable identité.
The management of the patient in the hospital word involves not only the nursing staff, but also other social actors even less known to the manager of hospital structures and socio-professional categories. Among these actors even less known, there is the nurse who is part of the hospital staff in charge of the care of patients in hospital environment. Howerver at the Brazzaville Hospital and University Center in the Republic of Congo, the nurses are made up of relatives, friends and acquaintanees whose representation is important in this hospital environment. This representation, as remarkable as it is, calls out to more than one observer to the point of questioning the reasons behind this presence.Our study reponds to the logic of trying to understand and analyze this phenomenon, which has become very worrying. This phenomenon should therefore be read in the perspective of the complexity of social realities which can be explained on the basis of socio-cultural determinants, the foundations of social life. Also, the weakness of the services under the supervision of the C.H.U-B and of the Bantu culture, which is based on mechanical solidarity, which, calls for social cohesion, are factors that explain this phenomenon. To this end, a participant observation was carried out this hospital structure. This made it possible to identify an important influence which, for various reasons, responds to the concerns of patients. This study has three interests: scientific, social and personal. First, it shows the difficulty in human resources which result in the representativeness of the socio-professional categories which would help to resolve the issue of effectiveness of patient care. The study presents another interest which highlights the social cohesion which is expressed through the chain of solidarity of which the family is the link. The last area of interest is personal. It highlights a very interesting cultural aspect, that of the homogeneity and dynamics of relationships of the actors involved in the management of the patient. In any case, the nurse plays a leading role in management of the patient. He supports the nursing staff, because they share the same social environment as the patient. Also, its visibility requires a legal framework to give it a real identity
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Humans , Male , Female , Social Environment , Hospital-Patient Relations , Case Management , Inpatients , Nurses , Nursing Staff , Professional-Family Relations , Sociology, Medical , Family CharacteristicsABSTRACT
Objective: To an assessment of potential drug-drug interactions in hypertensive patients in a tertiary care hospital. Methods: A prospective, observational study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital, Erode for a period of 8 mo. A sample of 480 patients was assessed for PDDIs using drug checker in Micromedex®-2.7. Results: A total of 430 patients were analyzed and it was found to be 396 (82.50%) hypertensive patients had PDDIs, and a sum total of 1160 PDDIs were observed. Potential drug-drug interactions (PDDIs) higher in female hypertensive patients [255 (64.39%)] compared to males. Incidences of PDDIs were found to be higher in the age group of 60-70 y were [177 (44.69%)] and incidences of interactions based on the duration of (4-6 d) hospital stays were 272 (68.68%). Moreover, 49.24% of patients were found to be prescribed with more than 7 drugs, with higher incidences of PDDIs. Some of the most common drug interacting pair was between aspirin and clopidogrel combination observed in 325 PDDIs in the major, with pharmacodynamics in nature. Conclusion: Clinical pharmacist ought to have the role of regular monitoring of drug therapy in identifying and preventing the medications that have the potential to cause drug-drug interactions, thereby minimizing the undesirable outcomes in drug medical care and improving the quality of care.
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@#BACKGROUND. The measurement of oral health is recognized as a critical feature of numerous dental activities: describing normal biologic processes, understanding the natural history of disease, testing hypotheses regarding preventive agents, and planning and evaluation of health services. In modern times, statistical methods are widely being used to describe the probability of caries formation by calculating the progress and progression of dental caries for each individual by means of investigational correlations to detect and control risk factors for dental caries and periodontal diseases. OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study is to identify the correlation between the incidences of dental caries (DMFT) and its influencing risk factors for Mongolians in order to establish the fundamental criteria for oral health index. MATERIAL AND METHODS. Data were collected from 240 volunteers in six different age groups by using a questionnaire and an intra oral examination combined with laboratory tests. The oral health index is divided into 5 major categorical factors including the residual number of natural tooth, caries state, periodontal state, other oral health state and oral health management habits and systemic condition that determines the relationship between the incidences of dental caries and influencing risk factor for each item. RESULTS. Significantly different results were observed for Mongolian people in terms of prevalence and proportion of oral disease and oral state which led to the establishment of criteria for oral health index by statistical significance factors in all age groups (p <0.05). CONCLUSION. It is possible to create and introduce a scoring system of individual oral health index that could be applied to the evaluation oral health program that is suitable for calculating future illnesses and prognosis of oral diseases.
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Objective To assess the efficacy,comfort and tolerability of high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy in patients with acute respiratory failure (ARF).Methods The literature of RCTs concerning high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) versus usual oxygen care (UOC) in ARF patients was searched using the national and international electronic databases.All relevant studies were screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria,and then the included studies were evaluated,and finally,the extracted data were analyzed using Rev Man 5.3 software provided by the Cochrane Collaboration.Results eleven RCTs were included in 3 170 patients,of those 1 550 patients were in HFNC group,while 1 620 patients were in UOC group.There was no statistical difference in mortality among in HFNC and UOC group (OR =0.92,95％ CI:0.70-1.2,P =0.53),neither was the incidence of nosocomial infection (OR =0.85,95％ CI:0.63-1.15,P =0.3).The incidence of endotracheal intubation was lower in HFNC group than in UOC group.The comfort and tolerablity was greater in HFNC group than that in UOC group.Conclusions No difference in mortality or nosocomial infection was detected in patients with ARF treated with HFNC compared with UOC.However,HFNC seem well tolerated by patients and showed a lower rate of endotracheal intubation.
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STUDY DESIGN: Cervical spine radiograms of 460 Jeju islanders. PURPOSE: To investigate the age-matched incidences and severity of the cervical disc degeneration and associated pathologic findings. OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE: Several related studies on the incidences of disc and Luschka's and facet joint degeneration have provided some basic data for clinicians. METHODS: Cervical radiographs of 460 (220 males and 240 females) patients in their fourth to ninth decade were analyzed. Ninety patients in their third decade were excluded because of absence of spondylotic findings. RESULTS: Overall incidence of cervical spondylosis was 47.8% (220 of 460 patients). The percentile incidences of spondylosis in the fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth and ninth decade was 13.2% (10 of 76 patients), 34.6% (37 of 107 patients), 58.9% (66 of 112 patients), 58.8% (50 of 85 patients), 70.3% (45 of 64 patients) and 75.0% (12 of 16 patients), respectively. The percentile incidences of one, two, three, four and five level spondylosis among 220 spondylosis patients was 45.5% (n=100), 34.1% (n=75), 15.0% (n=33), 4.5% (n=10), and 0.9% (n=2). Severity of disc degeneration ranged from ± to ++++, and was ± in 6.0% (24 segments), + in 49.6% (198 segments), ++ in 35.3% (141 segments), +++ in 9.0% (36 segments) and ++++ in 0.25% (one segment). Spurs and anterior ligament ossicle formed at the spondylotic segments, mostly at C4~6. The rate of posterior corporal spurs formation was very low. Olisthesis and ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament were rarely combined with spondylosis. Cervical lordotic curve decreased gradually according to the progress of severity of spondylosis. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of cervical spondylosis and number of spondylotic segments increase, and degeneration gradually becomes more severe with age.
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Humans , Male , Incidence , Intervertebral Disc Degeneration , Ligaments , Longitudinal Ligaments , Spine , Spondylosis , Zygapophyseal JointABSTRACT
<p><b>INTRODUCTION</b>The incidence of coronary artery anomalies (CAAs) varies from 0.2% to 8.4%. Knowledge of such anatomical variations is important as coronary procedures are regularly performed these days. We aimed to find the coronary dominance pattern, intermediate artery (IMA) frequency and CAA incidence in our clinic, and compare them to those in the literature.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The medical reports of 5,548 patients who had undergone coronary angiography (CAG) between 2005 and 2009 were retrospectively investigated. Dominance pattern and presence of IMA and CAA were recorded. CAAs were described using two different classifications: Angelini and Khatami's classification, and a new modified classification that was derived from Angelini and Khatami's classification. Some procedural details and clinical features of the patients with CAA were also investigated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Coronary dominance pattern was: 81.6% right coronary artery, 12.2% circumflex artery and 6.2% co-dominant. IMA was present in 613 (11.0%) patients. The incidences of overall anomaly were 2.7% and 1.4%, according to the different classifications. Absent left main coronary artery, which was the most common anomaly in the present study, was found in 51 (0.9%) patients. Incidences of myocardial bridge, coronary arteriovenous fistulae and aneurysms were 1.1%, 0.2% and 0.3%, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>CAAs are generally asymptomatic, isolated lesions. Some may lead to anginal symptoms, myocardial infarction or sudden death. We found that CAA was associated with increased radiation and contrast exposure in patients who underwent CAG. This risk could be reduced if appropriate catheters were designed and training programmes on ostial cannulation were developed.</p>
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Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Anatomic Variation , Aneurysm , Arteriovenous Fistula , Coronary Angiography , Methods , Coronary Artery Disease , Diagnosis , Coronary Vessel Anomalies , Diagnosis , General Surgery , Coronary Vessels , General Surgery , Death, Sudden , Incidence , Myocardial Infarction , Myocardium , Pathology , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the significantly elevated incidence of hepatitis C and mortality of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Jianping county, and to explore the epidemiological features. Methods The data from database of death registry and infectious disease surveillance in Jianping county, Liaoning Province were analyzed. The distributions of incidence of hepatitis B and hepatitis C, mortality of cirrhosis and HCC in 23 villages and towns were investigated.Spearman's correlation was used to explore the correlations between hepatitis, cirrhosis and HCC.Results The standardized mortality of HCC in males and females in Jianping county were 77. 6/10~5and 22. 0/10~5, respectively, which were 2. 0 and 1. 7 times, respectively of the average levels of Liaoning rural areas. The incidence of hepatitis C was 58. 0/10~5 , which was 9. 5 times of the averagelevel of Liaoning Province. There were positive correlations between incidence of hepatitis C and mortality of cirrhosis (r=0. 495, P = 0. 008), and mortality of cirrhosis and HCC (r=0. 646, P<0.01). Conclusions The incidence of hepatitis C and mortality of cirrhosis and HCC in Jianping county are significantly higher than the average levels of Liaoning Province. Further investigations of the suspected causes are needed.