ABSTRACT
RESUMEN: Objetivo: Determinar la necesidad de tratamiento ortodóncico en adolescentes de 12 años de Diego de Almagro, Chile, según el Índice de Estética Dental (IED). Materiales y Métodos: estudio descriptivo, observacional, transversal y no probabilístico. Se aplicó el IED en 97 estudiantes de 12 años de la localidad Diego de Almagro con un examen clínico estandarizado por una investigadora previamente calibrada, respetando las recomendaciones de la Organización Mundial de la Salud. La muestra fue de tipo censal. Se analizaron los criterios IED descriptivamente. Resultados: De 118 adolescentes, 97 reunían los criterios de inclusión, 17.52% obtuvo puntajes del IED ≤ 25, indicativo de oclusión normal o maloclusión mínima, lo que determina tratamiento innecesario o poco necesario; 16.49% obtuvo una puntuación entre 26 y 30, maloclusión manifiesta y una necesidad de tratamiento optativa; 16.49% obtuvo una puntuación entre 30 y 35, maloclusión severa y una necesidad de tratamiento deseable por el paciente; 49.48% presentó un puntaje de IED ≥ 36, indicativo de maloclusión muy severa o discapacitante con una necesidad de tratamiento obligatoria. Conclusiones: Existe una alta necesidad de tratamiento ortodóncico obligatorio en la población adolescente de 12 años, según el IED en que el 65.97% presentaba una maloclusión severa o muy severa.
ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the orthodontic treatment need in 12-year-old adolescents from the city of Diego de Almagro, Chile, according to the Dental Aesthetics Index (DAI) Materials and Methods: descriptive, observational, cross-sectional and non-probabilistic study. The DAI was applied to 97 12-year-old students belonging to the city of Diego de Almagro, Atacama Region. The sample was of census type. The information was obtained through a standardized clinical examination performed by a previously calibrated researcher, fulfilling the recommendations described by the World Health Organization for this type of studies. The DAI criteria were analyzed descriptively. Results: 97 out of 118 students met the inclusion criteria, 45 (46.3%) were males and 52 (53.7%) females; 17.52% of the children examined obtained DAI scores ≤ 25, indicating a normal occlusion or minimal malocclusion, which determines that the treatment is unnecessary or not necessary; 16.49% obtained a score between 26 and 30, indicating a manifest malocclusion and an optional treatment need; 16.49% obtained a score between 30 and 35 with severe malocclusion and a treatment need desirable by the patient; 49.48% had a DAI score ≥ 36, indicating a very severe or disabling malocclusion with a compulsory treatment need. Conclusions: There is a high mandatory orthodontic treatment need in the 12-year-old adolescent population, based on the fact that 65.97% of the studied sample through DAI presented a severe or very severe malocclusion.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Orthodontics , ChileABSTRACT
Self-perception of dental aesthetics needs to be considered in planning orthodontic treatment because it is known that everyone has a self-perception of different oral esthetic conditions. Objective: To assess the state of malocclusion based on self-perception of dental aesthetics using the Oral Aesthetic Subjective Impact Score (OASIS); to determine the relationship of self-perceptions of oral aesthetics and the state of malocclusion from the results of clinical examinations using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI). Material and Methods: Research subjects were middle school students aged between 14-18 years as many as 187 students. For oral aesthetic assessment using the OASIS index questionnaire, and to evaluate the aesthetic and anatomical components of the malocclusion clinic using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI). Results: The prevalence of malocclusion according to Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) showed that mild / normal malocclusion (59.9%), moderate malocclusion (33.4%), severe malocclusion (5.7%), and very severe malocclusion (1%). The prevalence of self-perception of oral aesthetics was 54.6% judging good. The results of the analysis with logistic regression tests showed that there was a significant (p (p<0.001) relationship between self-perception of oral aesthetics using the OASIS index and malocclusion status using the DAI index. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, there was a significant relationship (p <0.01) between oral aesthetic self perception and malocclusion status of high school students. (AU)
A autopercepção da estética dentária precisa ser considerada no planejamento do tratamento ortodôntico, porque é sabido que existem diferenças nesta autopercepção de condições estéticas orais entre os indivíduos. Objetivo: Avaliar o estado de má oclusão com base na autopercepção da estética dentária utilizando o Oral Aesthetic Subjective Impact Score (OASIS); determinar a relação entre a autopercepção da estética bucal e o estado de má oclusão a partir dos resultados de exames clínicos utilizando o Índice de Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI). Material e Métodos: Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram estudantes do ensino médio, com idades entre 14 e 18 anos, num total de 187 alunos. Para avaliação da estética bucal, foi utilizado o questionário do índice OASIS, e para avaliar os componentes estéticos e anatômicos da clínica de más oclusões, o Índice de DAI. Resultados: A prevalência de má oclusão segundo o DAI, mostrou resultados de percepção de: oclusão leve / normal (59,9%), oclusão moderada (33,4%), oclusão grave (5,7%) e oclusão muito grave (1%). A prevalência de autopercepção da estética oral foi de 54,6%, considerando-se boa. Os resultados da análise com testes de regressão logística mostraram que houve uma relação significativa (p <0,01) entre a autopercepção da estética oral e o estado de má oclusão de estudantes do ensino médio. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Esthetics, Dental , Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need , MalocclusionABSTRACT
Se realizó un estudio epidemiológico, observacional, descriptivo y transversal, de 136 escolares en las edades de 12 a 14 años, de la Escuela Secundaria Básica Urbana Antonio Maceo Grajales de Santiago de Cuba, desde septiembre de 2015 hasta febrero de 2016, con vistas a determinar, en estos y en sus padres, la percepción de la necesidad de tratamiento ortodóncico a través del índice de estética dental. Entre los principales resultados de la serie se obtuvo una mayor frecuencia del apiñamiento dentario (69,1 por ciento) como componente del Índice y un predominio de la maloclusión menor (no necesidad de tratamiento), con 53,7 por ciento, seguida de la maloclusión definida (terapéutica electiva), con 28,7 por ciento. Pudo concluirse que la mayoría de los padres se encontraban satisfechos con la oclusión dentaria de sus hijos y que un elevado número de los escolares estaban contentos con su estética dental
An epidemiologic, observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study, of 136 scholars aged 12 to 14, of Antonio Maceo Grajales Urban Secondary School was carried out in Santiago de Cuba, from September, 2015 to February, 2016, aimed at determining, in these and in their parents, the perception of the necessity of orthodontic treatment through the index of dental cosmetic. Among the main results of the series a higher frequency of dental crowding was obtained (69.1 percent) as component of the Index and a prevalence of the minor malocclusion (no need of treatment), with 53.7 percent, followed by the defined malocclusion (elective therapy), with 28.7 percent. It was concluded that most of the parents were satisfied with the dental occlusion of their children and that a high number of the scholars was happy with their dental cosmetic
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child , Adolescent , Dental Occlusion , Malocclusion/therapy , Malocclusion/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Observational Studies as Topic , Esthetics, DentalABSTRACT
Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal de 490 adolescentes de 12-14 años de edad, estudiantes de la Escuela Secundaria Básica "Orlando Carvajal Colas", atendidos en el Departamento de Estomatología del Policlínico Universitario "Julián Grimau García" en Santiago de Cuba, en el período de marzo del 2015 a igual mes del 2016, a fin de identificar la necesidad de tratamiento ortodóntico en ellos a través del índice de estética dental. En la casuística la mayoría de los adolescentes con maloclusiones correspondieron a las edades de 13 y 14 años (con 34,0 %, respectivamente), sin diferencias significativas en cuanto al sexo, y los principales componentes del índice de estética dental hallados fueron el apiñamiento dentario (25,5 %), el espaciamiento en los segmentos incisales (19,4 %) y el diastema (15,9 %). Se demostró que la mayor cantidad de estudiantes no necesitaban tratamiento ortodóncico alguno o solo requerían un tratamiento menor, puesto que 51,6 % de la serie presentaban maloclusión normal o leve.
A descriptive and cross-sectional study of 490 adolescents aged 12-14 years, who studied at "Orlando Carvajal Lines" Junior High school, and who were assisted in the Estomatology Department of "Julián Grimau García" University Polyclinic in Santiago de Cuba was carried out in the period of March, 2015 to the same month of 2016, in order to identify the necessity of orthodontic treatment in them through the dental aesthetics index. Most of the adolescents with malocclusions corresponded to the age groups 13 and 14 (with 34.0%, respectively) in this case material, without significant differences as for the sex, and the main components of the dental aesthetics index were the dental crowding (25.5%), the spacing in the incisive segments (19.4%) and the diastema (15.9%). It was demonstrated that the larger quantity in students didn't need any orthodontic treatment or they just required a minor treatment, since 51.6% of the series presented normal or light malocclusion.
Subject(s)
Esthetics, Dental , Malocclusion , Orthodontics , AdolescentABSTRACT
Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal de 199 estudiantes de 9no grado, pertenecientes a la Secundaria Básica Urbana "Alberto Fernández Montes de Oca" de Santiago de Cuba, desde septiembre de 2013 hasta igual periodo de 2014, con vistas a aplicar el índice de estética dental en estos educandos. Para la recolección de los datos se utilizó la planilla encuesta de salud bucodental diseñada por la Organización Mundial de la Salud que incluye los 10 componentes del citado índice. Como medidas de resumen se utilizaron los números absolutos y porcentajes. Predominó la necesidad de tratamiento prioritario y obligatorio; asimismo, el apiñamiento dentario fue el componente más significativo del índice de estética dental.
An observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study of 199 9th grade students belonging to "Alberto Fernández Montes de Oca" Urban Basic Secondary School in Santiago de Cuba was carried out from September, 2013 to same period in 2014, aimed at applying dental aesthetics index in these students. For data gathering the oral dental health survey form designed by the World Health Organization was used which includes the 10 components of the above mentioned index. As summary measures the absolute numbers and percentages were used. The necessity of high-priority and compulsory treatment prevailed; also, dental crowding was the most significant component in dental aesthetics index.
Subject(s)
Esthetics, Dental , Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need , Malocclusion , Students , AdolescentABSTRACT
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between dental aesthetics and self-esteem in adolescents. Methods: The sample was 387 randomly selected high school adolescents between 13 and 16 years of age. A clinical examination to evaluate dental aesthetics was conducted using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI). Self-esteem was assessed with the Rosenberg's Self-esteem Scale. The statistical analysis included a descriptive analysis and means comparison, which was made through t-Student and ANOVA tests. DAI was correlated to Rosenberg's Self-esteem Scale with Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. The data collected was analyzed by using the SPSS program version 17. Results: The mean DAI score was 34.2 (SD=14.2) and self-esteem was 22.6 (SD=4.6). The low socioeconomic status (SES) group had the highest levels of DAI and the lowest levels of self-esteem. A weak, but statistically significant, negative correlation was found between DAI scores and Rosenberg's self-esteem scale (r=-0.1, p<0.05). According to age, in adolescents aged sixteen there was a slight correlation with both variables (p>0.05). Regarding gender, in female individuals a negative weak correlation (r=-0.14, p<0.05) was observed. No statistically significant difference was shown among SES groups. Nevertheless, there was a positive slight correlation in the middle SES group (p>0.05). Conclusions: The outcomes generated by this investigation can improve our understanding of how the correlation between dental aesthetics and self-esteem may fluctuate because of the SES variability.
Objetivo: Investigar la relación entre estética dental y autoestima en adolescentes. Métodos: La muestra de 387 adolescentes entre 13 y 16 años seleccionados aleatoriamente de los colegios de educación secundaria. Se realizó un examen clínico para evaluar la estética dental a través del Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI). La autoestima se valoró usando la Rosenberg's Self-esteem Scale. El análisis estadístico incluyó medidas descriptivas y una comparación de medias realizadas a través de las pruebas t-Student y ANOVA. El DAI se correlacionó con la Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale por medio del coeficiente de correlación de Spearman. Los datos recolectados se analizaron en el programa SPSS versión 17. Resultados: La media de DAI fue 34.2 (DE=14.2) y de autoestima de 22.6 (DE=4.6). El grupo de estrato socio-económico (SES) bajo tuvo los niveles más altos de DAI y los más bajos de autoestima. Una pequeña pero significativa correlación negativa se encontró entre los niveles del DAI y la Rosenberg's Self-esteem Scale (r=-0.1; p<0.05). De acuerdo con la edad, los adolescentes de 16 años tuvieron una leve correlación en las dos variables (p>0.05). En relación con género, en mujeres se encontró una pequeña correlación negativa (r=-0.14; p<0.05). Ninguna correlación estadísticamente significativa se observó entre los grupos según estrato socioeconómico. Sin embargo, existió una leve correlación positiva en estrato socio-económico medio (p>0.05). Conclusiones: Los resultados obtenidos por esta investigación pueden mejorar el entendimiento de cómo la correlación de estética dental y autoestima podría fluctuar debido a la variabilidad del SES.
ABSTRACT
Apesar da alta prevalência de oclusopatias em adolescentes ser mundialmente relatada, poucos estudos investigaram a associação entre oclusopatias definidas por critérios clínicos e a auto-avaliação da aparência dentária e das gengivas em adolescentes. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a associação entre oclusopatias e auto-avaliação da aparência dentária e gengival em adolescentes brasileiros. Foram utilizados os dados de um estudo transversal realizado com adolescentes de 15 a 19 anos de idade (n = 16.126) de 250 cidades localizadas nas cinco macrorregiões do Brasil. O desfecho foi a insatisfação com a aparência dentária e gengival, sendo a principal variável exploratória as oclusopatias, medidas através do Índice de Estética Dental - DAI. As demais variáveis exploratórias, potenciais fatores de confusão e mediação, foram renda familiar per capita, atraso escolar, condição de estudo, sexo, idade, cor da pele, agravos bucais (cárie não tratada, perda dentária devido à cárie, cálculo, fluorose e dor nos dentes e gengivas) e a utilização dos serviços odontológicos. Realizaram-se análises de regressão de Poisson simples e multiva-riável. A prevalência de insatisfação com a aparência dos dentes e gengivas foi de 11,4 por cento (IC 95 por cento: 10,4-12,5). Todos os graus de oclusopatias foram associados à insatisfação com a aparência dos dentes e gengivas. A análise multivariável ajustada mostrou que a auto-avaliação negativa da aparência em adolescentes com oclusopatias graves ou muito graves foi 40 por cento e 80 por cento maior quando comparados àqueles com oclusão normal, respectivamente. Os resultados contribuem para a inclusão do critério de auto-avaliação da aparência dental durante as decisões de tratamento ortodôntico, principalmente no âmbito do Sistema Único de Saúde.
In spite of the high prevalence of malocclusion in adolescents reported worldwide, there are few studies that have investigated the association between normative malocclusion and self-rated dental and gingival appearance among adolescents. The aim of this study was to identify the association between normative malocclusion and dissatisfaction with dental and gingival appearance among Brazilian adolescents. A cross-sectional study was carried out with adolescents aged 15 to 19 years (n= 16,126) living in 250 towns of all five Brazilian regions. Dissatisfaction with dental and gingival appearance was the outcome. The main explanatory variable was malocclusion assessed by using the Dental Aesthetic Index - DAI. The other explanatory variables included were per capita family income, schooling delay, study conditions, sex, age, skin color, dental outcomes (untreated dental caries, missing teeth due dental caries, dental calculus, fluorosis, and dental pain) and use of dental services. Simple and multivariable Poisson regression analyses were performed. Dissatisfaction with dental appearance reached 11.4 percent (95 percentCI: 10.4-12.5) of the entire sample. All levels of malocclusion were associated with dissatisfaction with dental appearance. Adjusted multivariable analysis showed that dissatisfaction with dental appearance among individuals affected by severe or very severe malocclusion was respectively 40 percent and 80 percent higher than among those with normal occlusion. Malocclusion was associated with dissatisfaction with dental and gingival appearance. The results contribute to include self-rated dental appearance criteria in orthodontic treatment decision, mainly within the National Health System - SUS.