ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the cause of an outbreak that with fever,chest tightness,cough as the main symptoms in a production enterprise of solar cells,and to provide suggestrons for the on -site disposal and preventing of re -issued. Methods Clinical features and epidemiological characteristics of the cases were analyzed.The workplaces and treatment of industrial wastes were investigated.Legionella in the throat swab sample and residual water during the processes were detected.Simulation test for poisonous gas from waste incineration was performed using a portable GC -MS detector. Results 52 cases were found and the attack rate was 42.76%.The case distribution was consistent with the characteristics of the outbreak of a homologous exposure.Legionella test result was negative.Clinical symptoms of patients were similar to those of fume fever.In the 1 2 jobs,the higher the amount of compressed air used in the job,the higher the incidence rate was,and there were statistical correlation between the two (P <0.01 ).A large number of fluorine -containing solid waste was burned in the evening before the onset of the disease.The compressed air station was downwind from the location of waste incineration,and the simulation test showed that the concentrations of fluobenzene and two -fluobenzene were 435 and 51 3 mg/m3 ,respectively.Conclusion The toxic smoke produced by illegal incineration of fluorine -containing solid waste,from the compressed air station into the workshop,causing the workers exposed to organic fluoride poisoning,and then the fluoropolymer fume fever outbreak.Fortunately,we disposed it timely and effectively,and all cases quickly recovered and no secondary occurred.
ABSTRACT
A pesquisa envolveu o desenvolvimento do Índice de Destinação de Resíduos Sólidos Industriais, composto por 7 sub-índices que abrangem 20 indicadores desenvolvidos, envolvendo os princípios de não geração, minimização, reaproveitamento, reciclagem, tratamento, estocagem e disposição final de resíduos. O marco referencial que orientou as avaliações do Índice de Destinação de Resíduos Sólidos Industriais foi obtido a partir da realização de pesquisas em relatórios ambientais e documentos auditáveis, bem como em visitas técnicas em indústrias dos setores automotivo, cimenteiro, laticínios, siderúrgico e têxtil. O Índice de Destinação de Resíduos Sólidos Industriais desenvolvido vem sendo simulado a partir de dados reais. Em simulação feita para uma indústria siderúrgica o Índice de Destinação de Resíduos Sólidos Industriais somatório obtido foi 0,645 (REGULAR) e o produtório foi 0,785 (BOM). Os resultados obtidos se mostram satisfatórios para avaliação e apoio aos gestores industriais na tomada de decisões.
The research involved the development of the Industrial Solid Waste Destination Index, formed by 7 sub-index that involve 20 indicators, considering the principles of non-generation, minimization, reuse, recycling, treatment, storage and disposal of waste. The reference that guided the evaluations of Industrial Solid Waste Destination Index was derived from the conduct of research in environmental reports and auditable documents, as well as visits to the industries of automotive, cement, dairy, steel and textiles. The developed Industrial Solid Waste Destination Index has been simulated with real data obtained. In the simulation carried out for the steel industry was obtained Industrial Solid Waste Destination Index summation equal to 0,645 (REGULAR) and Industrial Solid Waste Destination Index product equal to 0,785 (GOOD). The results have been satisfactory in terms of evaluation and support of industrial managers in making their decisions.
ABSTRACT
As lamas de beneficiamento de rochas ornamentais (LBRO) são resíduos que apresentam composição química variada em função da composição das rochas, do processo de beneficiamento, dos processos de reaproveitamento de águas e lamas, das propriedades dos insumos, entre outros fatores. A caracterização e classificação das LBRO são de grande importância, principalmente para o Estado do Espírito Santo, por possuir um expressivo número de empresas do setor. Neste trabalho, são apresentados os resultados de caracterização e classificação de lamas de desdobramento e polimento de mármores e granitos, segundo a NBR 10004/2004. Todas as amostras de lamas de tear convencional e de politriz analisadas foram classificadas como Classe IIA. Percebeu-se que a identificação dos resíduos por fonte geradora permite a proposição de tecnologias limpas, como o uso de teares a fio diamantado que utilizam o mínimo de insumos e de pastilhas diamantadas metálicas isentas de elementos tóxicos, contribuindo para a melhoria das características químicas das LBRO.
The sludges produced in the cutting and polishing of ornamental stones are residues with diverse chemical composition that depend on the composition of the stones, the cutting and polishing process, the processes involved in the recycling of water and sludges, among others. The characterization and classification of these resulting sludges have great importance, especially for the State of Espírito Santo, Brazil, which is an important producer of ornamental stones. In this work, the results of characterization and classification of developmental and polishing sludges were presented, according to the Brazilian standard NBR 10004/2004. All the sludge samples from the cutting and polishing equipment were classified as Class IIA. We observed that the identification of the residues according to the generation source allows the proposition of clean technologies usage, such as cutting equipment with diamond coated wires, that use a minimum of raw materials, and metal diamond coated pads, free of toxic material, thus contributing to improve the chemical characteristics of these sludges.