ABSTRACT
En Colombia ocurre una transición nutricional; los profesionales de Enfermería participan en el diseño de intervenciones para prevenir trastornos nutricionales en la primera infancia; el objetivo es generar una guía de recomendaciones para intervenciones de Enfermería en la prevención de trastornos nutricionales en niños menores de dos años. Se adelantó una Investigación documental con fuentes de información de base secundaria; se realiza la aplicación de las 3 primeras etapas del proceso de Enfermería Basada en la Evidencia (EBE). Para la clasificación de la evidencia y elaboración de las recomendaciones se usó la herramienta Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care (CTFPHC). La evidencia disponible refiere que el impulsar el desarrollo de estrategias dirigidas a garantizar una nutrición óptima previa a la concepción tanto en hombres como mujeres garantiza una disminución en la presentación de malnutrición en la infancia. La aplicación de la EBE identifica la evidencia científica de calidad que permite la toma de decisiones y el desarrollo de acciones que pueden llevar a fortalecer el estado de salud de las poblaciones y disminuir los costos de atención en salud desde el enfoque preventivo.
Colombia lives a nutritional transition situation where nursing professionals play an important role through the construction of interventions to prevent early childhood nutritional disorders; The objective is to build a guide to recommendations for the generation of prevention interventions in nutritional disorders in children under two years of age from nursing care; A documentary research was developed with secondary-based sources of information; The first 3 stages of the evidence-based nursing (BSE) are implemented; The tool of the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care (CTFPHC) was used for the classification of the evidence and the elaboration of the recommendations; The available evidence refers to the fact that promoting the development of strategies aimed at ensuring optimal nutrition prior to conception in both men and women ensures a decrease in the presence of malnutrition in childhood. The application of BSE identifies the scientific evidence of quality that allows decision-making and the development of actions that can lead to the strengthening of the health status of the populations and to reduce the costs of health care beginning with the preventive approach.
Subject(s)
Nutrition Disorders , NursingABSTRACT
This cluster-randomized interventional trial at peri-urban settings of Karachi was conducted to evaluate the impact of maternal educational messages regarding appropriate complementary feeding (CF) on the nutritional status of their infants after 30 weeks of educational interventions delivered by trained community health workers. Mothers in the intervention group received three education modules about breastfeeding (BF) and appropriate CF at a baseline visit and two subsequent visits 10 weeks apart. The control group received advice about BF according to national guidelines. Infants’ growth [weight, length, and mid-upper arm-circumference (MUAC), stunting, wasting, and underweight] were measured at four time points. At the end of the study, infants in the intervention group had a higher mean weight of 350 g (p=0.001); length of 0.66 cm (p=0.001), and MUAC of 0.46 cm (p=0.002) compared to the controls; proportionate reduction of stunting and underweight were 10% (84% vs 74%; ORadj 8.36 (5.6-12.42) and 5% (25% vs 20%; ORadj 0.75 (0.4-1.79) in the intervention compared to the control group. For relatively food-secure populations, educational interventions about appropriate CF to mothers had a direct positive impact on linear growth of their infants.
ABSTRACT
An infant is usually born with a deficient immune system, and the long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) in breast milk plays an important role in the development and maturation of infant’s immune system. This article reviews the role of LC-PUFA in breast milk in the development of immunity and prevention of atopic manifestations in infants. The review also attempts to assess the correct proportion of these nutrients that needs to be present in infant formulae for babies in whom breast milk is unavailable and formula milk is unavoidable. It was concluded that LC-PUFA plays a vital role in overall development of immunity in the infant. Clinicians should ensure that LC-PUFA are supplied to the term and preterm infant in the form of breastmilk or provided in right proportions in formula, if breast milk is unavailable.