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1.
Multimed (Granma) ; 23(5): 908-923, sept.-oct. 2019. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1091323

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: la infección vaginal es una enfermedad con gran incidencia, constituye una de las complicaciones más frecuentes asociadas a la gestación, se trata de una infección común del tracto genital inferior en las mujeres que de no ser tratada oportunamente puede traer consecuencia para la salud de la madre y su producto. Objetivos: caracterizar el comportamiento de la infección vaginal en las gestantes del consejo popular William Soler de 2017-2018. Método: se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal sobre el comportamiento de la infección vaginal en embarazadas del consejo William Soler del Policlínico 13 de Marzo, en el período 2017 - 2018. El universo estuvo constituido por 203 gestantes diagnosticadas con sepsis vaginal y la muestra representativa por 127. Los datos se recolectaron mediante un cuestionario y fueron procesados a través de una base de datos creada en Excel utilizando el paquetes estadístico profesional SPSS 22.0 para Windows, se utilizó el método del conteo simple, se reflejaron los datos en números absolutos y porcentaje. Resultados: la infección vaginal predominó en las gestantes de nivel secundario y pre-universitarias, fundamentalmente en las menores de 19 años, seguidas de las de 20-25 años de edad, el agentes causales más frecuentes fue la monilia, predominó en un 61,4% una adecuada técnica de aseo, el mayor número de diagnósticos fue en el primer y tercer trimestre y las complicaciones surgidas fueron pocas entre ellas la sepsis neonatal con 8,6%, sepsis puerperal 7,8%. Conclusiones: la infección vaginal en el embarazo es más frecuente en menores de 25 años con nivel secundario y pre-universitario. La causa más frecuente es la moniliasis, predominó la técnica adecuada de aseo, el diagnóstico de infección vaginal es más frecuente en el I y III trimestre del embarazo. Se produjeron pocas complicaciones con predominio de la sepsis neonatal y puerperal.


ABSTRACT Introduction: vaginal infection is a disease with a high incidence, it is ONE of the most frequent complications associated with pregnancy, it is a common infection of the lower genital tract in women that, if not treated in a timely manner, can have consequences for the health of the mother and her product. Objectives: to characterize the behavior of vaginal infection in pregnant women of the William Soler popular council of 2017-2018. Method: a descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out on the behavior of vaginal infection in pregnant women of the William Soler Council of the Polyclinic March 13, in the period 2017 - 2018. The universe consisted of 203 pregnant women diagnosed with vaginal sepsis and the representative sample by 127. The data was collected through a questionnaire and processed through a database created in Excel using the professional statistical packages SPSS 22.0 for Windows, the simple counting method was used, the data were reflected in absolute numbers and percentage. Results: the vaginal infection prevailed in the pregnant women of secondary and pre-university level, fundamentally in the minors of 19 years, followed of those of 20-25 years of age, the most frequent causative agents was the monilia, prevailed in a 61, 4% an adequate cleaning technique, the highest number of diagnoses was in the first and third trimester and the complications arisen were few among them neonatal sepsis with 8.6%, puerperal sepsis 7.8%. Conclusions: vaginal infection in pregnancy is more frequent in children under 25 with secondary and pre-university level. The most frequent cause is moniliasis, the proper cleaning technique prevailed, the diagnosis of vaginal infection is more frequent in the I and III trimester of pregnancy. There were few complications with predominance of neonatal and puerperal sepsis.


RESUMO Introdução: a infecção vaginal é uma doença de alta incidência, é uma das complicações mais frequentes associadas à gravidez, é uma infecção comum do trato genital inferior em mulheres que, se não tratada em tempo hábil, pode ter consequências para a saúde da A mãe e seu produto. Objetivos: caracterizar o comportamento da infecção vaginal em gestantes do conselho popular William Soler de 2017-2018. Método: foi realizado um estudo descritivo transversal sobre o comportamento da infecção vaginal em gestantes do Conselho William Soler da Policlínica de 13 de março de 2017 a 2018. O universo foi composto por 203 gestantes com diagnóstico de sepse vaginal e a amostra representativa de 127. Os dados foram coletados por meio de um questionário e processados ​​por meio de um banco de dados criado em Excel, utilizando os pacotes estatísticos profissionais SPSS 22.0 for Windows, foi utilizado o método de contagem simples, os dados foram refletidos em números absolutos e percentuais. Resultados: a infecção vaginal predominou nas gestantes de nível secundário e pré-universitário, fundamentalmente nos menores de 19 anos, seguidas das de 20 a 25 anos, o agente causador mais frequente foi a monília, com 61, 4% como técnica de limpeza adequada, o maior número de diagnósticos ocorreu no primeiro e terceiro trimestre e as complicações surgidas foram poucas, entre elas sepse neonatal com 8,6%, sepse puerperal 7,8%. Conclusões: a infecção vaginal na gravidez é mais frequente em menores de 25 anos, com ensino médio e pré-universitário. A causa mais frequente é a monilíase, prevaleceu a técnica de limpeza adequada, o diagnóstico de infecção vaginal é mais frequente no trimestre I e III da gravidez. Houve poucas complicações com predominância de sepse neonatal e puerperal.

2.
Rev. bras. ginecol. obstet ; 40(2): 59-65, Feb. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-958958

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective To revise HIV-1 vertical transmission (VT) rates in the metropolitan area of Belo Horizonte, Brazil, from January of 2006 to December of 2014. Methods Descriptive study of a prospective cohort of HIV-1-infected pregnant women and their children, monitored by the Maternal and Child HIV/Aids Research Group of Research Group at Faculty of Medicine of Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil. Results The VT general rate was 1.9% (13/673; confidence interval [CI] 95%: 1.0-3.3). The extensive use of combined highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) (89.7%; 583/650) strongly impacted the reduction of VT during this period. Maternal viral load (VL) higher than 1,000 copies/mL showed significant association with VT (OR:6.6; CI 95%:1.3-33.3). Maternal breastfeeding was described in 10 cases in this cohort (1.5%; CI 95%: 0.7-2.7), but it was not associated with VT. Conclusion The present cohort data were coherent with the low VT rate described in other global populations, and it was considerably lower in comparison to the results of the same cohort during the period of 1998-2005, when the VT rate was 6.2%. These data confirm the efficiency of the National Guidelines, and emphasize the importance of adopting the international recommended procedures for prevention of mother-tochild transmission (MTCT) of HIV.


Resumo Objetivo Rever as taxas de transmissão vertical (TV) do HIV-1 na área metropolitana de Belo Horizonte, Brasil, de janeiro de 2006 a dezembro de 2014. Métodos Estudo descritivo de uma coorte prospectiva de gestantes infectadas pelo HIV-1 e seus filhos, monitorados pelo Grupo de Pesquisa em HIV/Aids Materno-Infantil, da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Resultados A taxa geral de TV foi de 1,9% (13/673; intervalo de confiança [IC] 95%: 1,0-3,3). O uso extensivo de terapia antirretroviral combinada (TARVc) (89,7%; 583/ 650) impactou fortemente a redução de TV durante este período. Carga viral materna superior a 1.000 cópias/mL mostrou associação significante com TV (OR: 6,6; IC 95%:1,3-33,3). A amamentação materna foi descrita em 10 casos nesta coorte (1,5%; IC 95%: 0,7-2,7), mas não foi associada à TV. Conclusão Os dados atuais da coorte foram coerentes com a baixa taxa de TV descrita em outras populações globais, e foi consideravelmentemenor em comparação com os resultados da mesma coorte no período de 1998-2005, quando a taxa de TV foi de 6,2%. Esses dados confirmam a eficiência das Diretrizes Nacionais, e enfatizam a importância de adotar os procedimentos internacionais recomendados para a prevenção da transmissão do HIV da mãe para o filho.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adult , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/epidemiology , HIV Infections/transmission , HIV-1 , Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical/statistics & numerical data , Time Factors , Brazil , HIV Infections/epidemiology , Urban Health , Prospective Studies
3.
Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine ; : 84-88, 2018.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-787090

ABSTRACT

A 33-year-old woman visited the emergency department presenting with fever and dyspnea. She was pregnant with gestational age of 31 weeks and 6 days. She had dysuria for 7 days, and fever and dyspnea for 1 day. The vital signs were as follows: blood pressure 110/70 mmHg, heart rate 118 beats/minute, respiratory rate 28/minute, body temperature 38.7℃, and oxygen saturation by pulse oximetry 84% during inhalation of 5 liters of oxygen by nasal prongs. Crackles were heard over both lung fields. There were no signs of uterine contractions. Chest X-ray and chest computed tomography scan showed multiple consolidations and air bronchograms in both lungs. According to urinalysis, there was pyuria and microscopic hematuria. She was diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia and urinary tract infection (UTI) that progressed to severe sepsis and acute respiratory failure. We found extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli in the blood culture and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the sputum culture. The patient was transferred to the intensive care unit with administration of antibiotics and supplementation of high-flow oxygen. On hospital day 2, hypoxemia was aggravated. She underwent endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation. After 3 hours, fetal distress was suspected. Under 100% fraction of inspired oxygen, her oxygen partial pressure was 87 mmHg in the arterial blood. She developed acute kidney injury and thrombocytopenia. We diagnosed her with multi-organ failure due to severe sepsis. After an emergent cesarean section, pneumonia, UTI, and other organ failures gradually recovered. The patient and baby were discharged soon thereafter.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Acute Kidney Injury , Hypoxia , Anti-Bacterial Agents , beta-Lactamases , Blood Pressure , Body Temperature , Cesarean Section , Dyspnea , Dysuria , Emergency Service, Hospital , Escherichia coli , Fetal Distress , Fever , Gestational Age , Heart Rate , Hematuria , Inhalation , Intensive Care Units , Intubation, Intratracheal , Lung , Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus , Oximetry , Oxygen , Partial Pressure , Pneumonia , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious , Pyuria , Respiration, Artificial , Respiratory Insufficiency , Respiratory Rate , Respiratory Sounds , Sepsis , Sputum , Thorax , Thrombocytopenia , Urinalysis , Urinary Tract Infections , Uterine Contraction , Vital Signs
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