ABSTRACT
Background: Male factors contribute to almost 50% of infertile couples. Deleterious effects of tobacco smoking on male reproductive system are well known. Research studies report contradictory findings about the effect of tobacco chewing on male fertility. Aim and objectives: To study effect of tobacco chewing on seminal parameters in male partners of infertile couples. Material and Methods: Present study was conducted on 100 male partners of infertile couples (50 tobacco chewers and 50 non-chewers) in age group of 21-40 years in the semen analysis laboratory in department of Physiology of Government Medical College, Nagpur from October 2014 to March 2016. Seminal parameters like volume of ejaculate, sperm count, sperm motility and motile sperm count were measured and compared in both groups. Result: Tobacco chewers had significantly lower values of all the seminal parameters as compared to non-chewers. Significantly low values of all parameters were observed in severe tobacco chewers as compared to mild and moderate tobacco chewers. Conclusion: Tobacco chewing has adverse effect on seminal parameters of male partners of infertile couples thus proving its pronounced role in male infertility. Severity of this effect increases as duration of tobacco chewing is prolonged.
ABSTRACT
Introducción: Aproximadamente, el 15 por ciento de todos los matrimonios no tienen hijos. Según estudios realizados en Cuba, la prevalencia de infertilidad oscila entre 12 y 14 por ciento, destacándose dentro de sus causas los factores pélvicos que afectan las trompas o el endometrio con 30-50 por ciento, seguido de la disfunción ovulatoria con el 10 a 25 por ciento y solo 10 por ciento son de causa desconocida. Objetivo: Caracterizar a las parejas infértiles según variables clínico epidemiológicas seleccionadas. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, transversal a 224 parejas infértiles, en la provincia Santiago de Cuba. Cuba, en el periodo 2015-2016. Resultados: El 40,3 por ciento de las parejas estudiados presentaron infecciones de transmisión sexual de diferentes etiologías y el 45,6 por ciento se diagnosticaron con infertilidad secundaria. Conclusiones: La edad de la mujer por encima de los 35 años, los antecedentes patológicos personales, la ingestión de medicamentos, la presencia previa de infección de trasmisión sexual así como el antecedente de varios episodios de enfermedad pélvica inflamatoria, están relacionadas con la etiología infecciosa de la infertilidad y pudieran constituir las principales causas de este trastorno en nuestro país(AU)
Introduction: Approximately 15 percent of all marriages do not have any children. According to studies carried out in Cuba, the prevalence of infertility ranges from 12 to 14 percent, among whose highlighted causes are pelvic factors that affect the tubes or the endometrium, accounting for 30-50 percent, followed by ovulatory dysfunction, accounting for 10-25 percent, while only 10 percent are of unknown cause. Objective: To characterize infertile couples based in the selected clinical-epidemiological variables. Methods: An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out with 224 infertile couples in Santiago de Cuba Province, Cuba, in the period from 2015 to 2016. Results: 40.3 percent of the studied couples had sexually transmitted infections of different etiologies, while 45.6 percent were diagnosed with secondary infertility. Conclusions: The age of the woman over 35 years, personal pathological antecedents, ingestion of medications, the previous presence of sexually transmitted infections, as well as the history of several episodes of pelvic inflammatory disease, are related to the infectious etiology of infertility and could be the main causes of this disorder in our country(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pelvic Inflammatory Disease/epidemiology , Reproductive Techniques, Assisted , Infertility/epidemiology , Ovarian Function Tests/methods , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional Studies , Observational StudyABSTRACT
The presence of antisperm antibodies in serum may impair sperm function leading to immunological infertility. The aim of study was to determine the presence of antisperm antibodies in the circulating blood of infertile couples. This cross sectional study included 109 couples suffering from infertility for more than one-year duration. Serum antisperm antibodies were determined by Varelisa Sperm Antibodies Enzyme Immunoassay kit. The percentage incidence of antisperm antibodies in infertile men was 30.27% was statistically not significant from the 33.03% incidence in infertile women (P Value >0.05). In the nineteen (15.59%) couples both the husband as well as wife was positive for sperm antibodies. The presence of antisperm antibodies may impair fertilizing ability therefore its assessment should be considered as an essential part of infertility management.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: This study was conducted to determine the frequency and contribution of chromosomal abnormalities in miscarriages and in couples with recurrent in vitro fertilization/intra cytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) failure. MATERIALS and METHODS: A total of 221 individuals; 79 with three or more recurrent spontaneous abortions and 142 with at least three IVF/ICSI failures. Chromosomal analysis from peripheral blood lymphocytes was performed according to standard cytogenetic methods using G-banding technique. RESULTS: Abnormal karyotype was found in 21 (9.50%) individuals. Of these 21 subjects, 4 (19.04%) exhibited sex chromosomal abnormalities and 17 (80.96%) had autosomal abnormalities. Male partners had significantly higher chromosomal abnormalities (5.88%) than of females (3.61%). These abnormalities were also higher in patients with recurrent spontaneous abortions than with IVF/ICSI failure (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: These data may be indicative that chromosomal abnormalities are involved more in spontaneous abortions than in recurrent IVF/ICSI failure. Cytogenetic analysis could be valuable for these couples when clinical data fail to clarify the cause.