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1.
Biol. Res ; 55: 35-35, 2022. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1429901

ABSTRACT

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are naturally released membrane vesicles that act as carriers of proteins and RNAs for intercellular communication. With various biomolecules and specific ligands, EV has represented a novel form of information transfer, which possesses extremely outstanding efficiency and specificity compared to the classical signal transduction. In addition, EV has extended the concept of signal transduction to intercellular aspect by working as the collection of extracellular information. Therefore, the functions of EVs have been extensively characterized and EVs exhibit an exciting prospect for clinical applications. However, the biogenesis of EVs and, in particular, the regulation of this process by extracellular signals, which are essential to conduct further studies and support optimal utility, remain unclear. Here, we review the current understanding of the biogenesis of EVs, focus on the regulation of this process by extracellular signals and discuss their therapeutic value.


Subject(s)
Extracellular Vesicles/metabolism , Biological Transport , RNA/metabolism , Signal Transduction , Cell Communication/physiology
2.
E-Cienc. inf ; 9(2): 82-102, jul.-dic. 2019. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1089868

ABSTRACT

Resumen Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación sobre la enseñanza de Alfabetización Informacional (ALFIN) en la educación básica, cuyo objetivo fue determinar las mejores prácticas para su implementación e identificar los temas a incorporar en una iniciativa de esta naturaleza, así como las formas de afrontar la problemática de la saturación de la información, de modo que se pretende que cada estudiante aprenda a buscar, a encontrar, a seleccionar, a evaluar y a comunicar información, para adquirir conocimientos, habilidades y actitudes. La metodología del estudio se basó en el análisis de experiencias usando un enfoque cualitativo, donde se concluye que ALFIN se implementó exitosamente por medio del uso del juego, aplicaciones digitales para su enseñanza, cursos específicos en sobre el tema, juegos de mesa, la técnica booleana de búsqueda de información, la lectoescritura, enseñanza por medio del dibujo e instrumentos para la evaluación y utilización de recursos educativos. El logro principal fue contribuir con el desarrollo de las competencias que necesita el estudiantado para desempeñarse con éxito en la escuela y para lograr la capacidad del aprendizaje permanente.


ABSTRACT This article presents a research on the teaching of Information Literacy (IL) in elementary education, whose objective is to determine the best practices for its implementation and to identify the topics that need to be incorporated into such an initiative, as well as the ways of facing the problem of information saturation; so that students learn to search, retrieve, select, evaluate and communicate information, in order to acquire knowledge, competences and attitudes. The methodology employed was based on the qualitative analysis of experiences, which allowed us to concluded that IL has been successfully implemented through the use of educational games, digital applications for its teaching, specific courses on the subject, board games, Boolean search techniques, teaching through drawing, and instruments for the evaluation and use of educational resources. The main achievement was to contribute to the development of the competences that students need to perform successfully in school and to reach the capacity required for lifelong learning.


Subject(s)
Students , Librarians , Libraries, Digital , Information Products and Services , Information Literacy
3.
Ciênc. rural (Online) ; 49(10): e20181016, 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1045255

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT: Agriculture is considered as the main driving force in Pakistan's economy employing 45% of the country's labor force and generating 20% of national GDP Agriculture sector of Pakistan is facing numerous challenges including non-adoption of agricultural technology at the farm level, due to farmers' lack of access to the latest information. In this context, the current study focusses on the use of the mobile phone in accessing agricultural information among the farmers of the of district Muzaffargarh,Punjab, Pakistan. A multistage sampling technique was used to collect data from the two tehsils (cities/sub-districts) of Muzaffargarh formulating a total sample of 180 farmers. SPSS computer-based Software was used for analyzing the data. Results revealed that 91.2% of the farmers indicated mobile phone ownership. It was further reported that 87.20 % of the farmers used private sectors advisory staff to obtain agriculture information. Market information was ranked as the highest accessed information among the rest of farm-related use. Easy access to updated information and connectivity with stakeholders were reported as the highest perceived benefits of mobile phone use (4.63 & 4.72 mean). Findings reported that farmers' limited aptitude of Mobile phone usage and lack of awareness of information sources as major constraints in farm-related use of the Mobile phone. On the basis of findings, the current study provided recommendations and policy implications for utilizing the true potential of these ICT-enabled solutions in agriculture.


RESUMO: A agricultura é considerada como a principal força motriz na economia do Paquistão, empregando 45% da força de trabalho do país e gerando 20% do PIB nacional. O setor agrícola dos paquistaneses enfrenta inúmeros desafios, incluindo a não-adaptação da tecnologia agrícola entre os agricultores, devido a falta de acesso dos agricultores às informações agrícolas mais recentes. Neste contexto, o estudo atual enfoca o papel do telefone celular na disseminação de informações agrícolas entre os agricultores do distrito Muzaffargarhof Punjab, Paquistão. Uma técnica de amostragem em múltiplos estágios foi usada para coletar dados dos dois tehsils (cidades / sub-distritos) de Muzaffargarh, formulando uma amostra total de 180 agricultores. O software baseado em computador SPSS foi usado para analisar os dados. Os resultados mostraram que 91,2% dos agricultores tinham propriedade de telefones celulares. Verificou-se ainda que 87,20% dos agricultores contatam o pessoal consultivo do setor privado para obter informações sobre a agricultura. As informações de mercado foram classificadas como as mais acessadas entre os demais usos relacionados à fazenda (média de 41,45). O acesso fácil a informações atualizadas e a conectividade com as partes interessadas são relatados como os maiores benefícios percebidos do uso de telefones celulares entre os agricultores com valores médios de 4,63. e 4,72, respectivamente. Os resultados relataram que a capacidade limitada dos agricultores de usar o telefone celular e a falta de conhecimento das fontes de informação como principais restrições ao uso do telefone celular relacionado à fazenda. Com base nos resultados, recomenda-se a realização de sessões de treinamento com as comunidades agrícolas para criar conscientização e educá-las sobre o uso do telefone celular.

4.
Int. j. high dilution res ; 11(39)june 22, 2012. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-658513

ABSTRACT

Adhatoda vasica Nees plants were grown in 50 earthen pots, which were divided into 5 batches A, B, C, D, and E. Of these A, B and C, D were arranged into two separate parallel pairs. One leaf of each plant of an adjacent pair was immersed in sterile tap water in a beaker. Adjacent beakers in each pair A B or C D were connected by polythene tubes containing wet cotton threads. One leaf of each plant of A was given heat shock by immersing a leaf in hot water for 5 min. One leaf of each plant of C was treated with Cantharis vesicatoria 200c. Batch E served as the unstressed and untreated control. One hour after heat shock or drug treatment all the leaves were harvested and their proteins were extracted by chilled protein extraction buffer. Proteins were separated by Fast Protein Liquid Chromatography (FPLC). Protein profiles of A, B and C, D showed marked similarity with respect to expression and repression of some proteins. It is concluded that the effect of heat shock and drug treatment is transmitted through water in the capillaries of cotton threads connecting the pairs of plants. It is assumed that heat shock or drug treatment altered locally the water structure in the leaves which was propagated through global network of water structure over the protein network in the whole plants, and from there to the interfacial water in the beakers and cotton threads. A homeopathic potency is thought to be specifically structured water which influences the water structure in the treated organism


Plantas Adhatoda vasica Nees foram cultivadas em 50 vasos de argila e divididos em 5 lotes A, B, C, D e E. Os lotes A, B e C, D foram arranjados em dois pares paralelos separados. Uma folha de cada planta dos pares adjacentes foi submergida num béquer com água corrente estéril. Os béqueres de cada par, A, B e C, D foram interconectados através de tubos de polietileno contendo fio de algodão umedecido. Uma folha de cada planta no lote A recebeu choque térmico através de imersão em água quente por 5 minutos. Uma folha de cada planta no lote C foi tratada com Cantharis vesicatoria 200c. O lote E foi utilizado como controle não submetido nem a estresse nem a medicação. Uma hora depois da aplicação de choque térmico ou tratamento medicamentoso, todas as folhas foram coletadas e suas proteínas foram extraídas através de tampão de extração de proteínas frio. As proteínas foram separadas através de cromatografia líquida rápida de proteínas (CLRP). Os perfis proteicos dos lotes A, B, C e D mostraram similaridade considerável quanto à expressão e repressão de algumas proteínas. Conclui-se que o efeito do choque térmico e do tratamento medicamentoso foi transmitido através da água nos capilares de fio de algodão conectando pares de plantas. Assume-se que o choque térmico e o tratamento medicamentoso alteraram localmente a estrutura da água nas folhas, que se propagou através da rede global da estrutura da água até a rede proteica nas plantas inteiras e dali para a água interfacial nos béqueres e fios de algodão. Considera-se que uma potência homeopática é água especificamente estruturada que influencia a estrutura da água no organismo tratado.


Subject(s)
Organic Agriculture , Cantharis vesicatoria , Thermic Treatment
5.
Ciênc. rural ; 40(10): 2243-2248, Oct. 2010. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-564171

ABSTRACT

In agriculture, there is a difference between average yield obtained by farmers and crop potential. There is technology available to increase yields, but not all farmers have access to it and/or use this information. This clearly characterizes an extension and technology transference problem. There are several technology transfer systems, but there is no system to fit all conditions. Therefore, it is necessary to create extension solutions according to local conditions. Another rural extension challenge is efficiency, despite continuous funding reductions. One proposal that has resulted from extension reform worldwide has suggested integration between the public and private sectors. The public universities could play the role of training and updating technical assistance of human resources, which is the one of the main aspects that has limited technology transfer. The objective of this study was to identify approaches to promote technology transfer generated in Brazilian public universities to rural areas through literature review. An experimental approach of technology transfer is presented here where a Brazilian university extension Vice-chancellor incorporates professionals from consolidated research groups according to demand. In this way, public universities take part of their social functions, by integrating teaching, research, and extension.


Em agricultura, há diferenças entre a produtividade média obtida pelos produtores e o potencial produtivo dos cultivos. Há informação tecnológica disponível para aumentar a produtividade, mas nem todos os produtores têm acesso e/ou usam a informação. Isso caracteriza claramente um problema de extensão e transferência de tecnologia. Há vários sistemas de transferência de tecnologia, mas, como não há sistema que se ajuste a todas as condições, é necessário criar alternativas adequadas às condições de cada local. Outro desafio da extensão rural é ser eficiente, apesar da contínua redução de recursos. Uma proposta advinda das constantes reformas na extensão verificada ao redor do mundo é o trabalho integrado entre a iniciativa privada e o poder público. A universidade pública contribuiria para o treinamento e a atualização dos recursos humanos envolvidos com assistência técnica, apontado como um dos aspectos limitantes na transferência de tecnologia. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar, por meio de revisão bibliográfica, alternativas de promover a transferência de tecnologias geradas nas universidades públicas brasileiras para a área rural. Assim, é apresentada uma proposta de transferência de tecnologia a ser gerenciada pelas Pró-reitorias de extensão das universidades brasileiras, tendo como base os grupos consolidados de pesquisa, nos quais poderiam ser incorporados outros profissionais de acordo com a necessidade. Dessa forma, a universidade pública recuperaria parte da sua função social, integrando ensino, pesquisa e extensão.

6.
Genomics & Informatics ; : 111-121, 2009.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-190148

ABSTRACT

Cell membrane proteins play crucial roles in the cell's molecular interaction with its environment and within itself. They consist of membrane-bound proteins and many types of transmembrane (TM) proteins such as receptors, transporters, channel proteins, and enzymes. Membrane proteomes of cellular organisms reveal some characteristics in their global topological distribution according to their evolutionary positions, and show their own information transfer complexity. Predicted transmembrane segments (TMSs) in membrane proteomes with HMMTOP showed near power-law distribution and frequency characteristics in 6-TMS and 7-TMS proteins in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, respectively. This reaffirms the important roles of membrane receptors in cellular communication and biological evolutionary history.


Subject(s)
Eukaryota , Membrane Proteins , Membranes , Proteins , Proteome , Signal Transduction
7.
Acimed (Impr.) ; 9(supl.4): 23-28, mayo 2001.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: lil-627723

ABSTRACT

La estructura de la relación entre el flujo de información y el público al que va dirigido el conocimiento, se ha modificado, con el decursar del tiempo, como una función de las distintas técnicas que operan en la transferencia de información del generador al receptor. El flujo, como sucesión de eventos y proceso de mediación entre la generación de la información por una fuente emisora y su aceptación por la entidad receptora, conforma una de las bases conceptuales que se piensa que sea la esencia de la ciencia de la información: la generación de conocimientos en el individuo y en su espacio de convivencia. El objetivo de este artículo es demostrar que el flujo de la información que enlaza al generador y al receptor adiciona competencia en la transmisión en relación directa con las fases en que se ha desarrollado el proceso de transferencia de la información hasta llegar a la era de la comunicación electrónica, que viabiliza con mayor intensidad la relación de interacción que nos interesa observar.


Structural change of the knowledge flow: the electronic communication. The relationship between the information flow and the public, which is exposed to knowledge assimilation, has changed its structural model. Information technology has played a major role in this changing process. The electronic communication is analyzed as a way of disseminating information more profitable to the user than the oral or written process. The publicity of information and knowledge has become more efficient and accesible in the computer era.

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