ABSTRACT
Objective To compare the safety and efficacy of intermittent inhaled corticosteroids (ICS, test group) and routine ICS (control group) treatment strategy for asthma in children. Methods Databases of PubMed, Cochrane Library, clinicaltrials. gov and Chinese Biomedical Literature were searched for relevant studies published from 1980 to 2013. Results Using the predefined key words, we identified 943 citations, and finally 4 parallel-designed, prospective, randomized controlled studies (5 comparison groups) were included in this meta-analysis. We found thatthere were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of incidence of asthma exacerbations (OR: 1. 25, 95 %CI: 0. 87-1. 78, P = 0. 22), re-hospitalization rate(0R: 0.85, 95%CI:0. 28-2. 57, P = 0. 77), improvement of symptoms and life quality (WMD: 0.02, 95% CI: -0.19-0.23, P = 0. 88), or incidence of overall severe adverse events (0R; 0.81, 95 %CI:0. 30-2. 17, P = 0. 67). However, improvement of the peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) in the control group was significantly greater than that in the test group (WMD: 2.76, 95%CI:0. 69-4. 82, P = 0. 009), and the increase of body height in the test group was significantly greater than (by0. 51 cm) that inthe control group (WMD: -0. 51, 95%CI: -0. 87--0. 16, P = 0. 005). Heterogeneity analysis showed that the studies had good homogeneity. Conclusion The as-needed ICS and routine ICS have similar efficacy in treatment of child asthma. Routine ICS can greatly improve the PEFR, but it may have an adverse impact on the body height of Children.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To compare the therapeutic effects of penehyclidine hydrochloride on rat with oleic acid (OA)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) when given via inhalation and intravenous injection. Methods: Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 equal groups: normal control group(group I), ALI group(group II), penehyclidine hydrochloride inhalation group(group III), and intravenous penehyclidine hydrochloride group (group IV). The blood pressure (BP), pulmonary artery pressure (PAP), and airway pressure (Paw) were determined every 60 min during the experiment and the artery blood gas analysis and mixed venous blood gas analysis were performed. The wet to dry lung weight ratio (W/D) and the serum concentration of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) were determined 240 min after the experiment in each group. Results: The OA-induced increase of PAP, Paw and decrease of PaO2/FiO2 were improved in the group III and group IV compared with those in the group II(P<0.05 for group III). The W/D and serum TNF-α concentration were lower in the group III and group IV compared with those in the group II (P<0.05 for group III). Conclusion: Penehyclidine hydrochloride can relieve the symptoms of OA-induced ALI. Inhalation approach is more effective than intravenous injection when the same dose of penehyclidine hydrochloride is given.