Treatment of lingual nerve paresthesia through photobiomodulation therapy: a case report employing an approach integrating extraoral and intraoral modalities

Aims: Oral nerve injuries are the primary cause of paresthesia in the head and neck regions. To report the managing of a combined protocol involving extraoral and intraoral photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy for lingual nerve paresthesia. Case report: A 38-year-old female patient underwent 25 PBM sessions using laser with dual wavelength infrared (810nm + 980 nm). The extraoral application included 6 seconds and 6J per point. per point, 1W, 4.91 cm², 1.2 J/cm. The intraoral protocol with 0.3W of power, a spot size of 0.38 cm², 15.78 J/cm² of energy density, 6J of energy per point, for 20 seconds. Results: Assessment of neurosensitivity on the dorsum of the tongue was a 75% improvement. On the lateral tongue improved to 50%. In the floor of the mouth, PBM demonstrated a 25% improvement. Conclusion: PBM is an important treatment option in the case of lingual nerve paresthesia. The use of PBM should be considered as a feasible, non-invasive treatment approach.

Análise econômica dos gastos diretos com internações hospitalares por vítimas de trauma do Sistema Único de Saúde em um município de Minas Gerais, 2011-2021 / Economic analysis of direct expenses with hospital admissions for victims of trauma in the United Health System in a municipality of Minas Gerais, 2011-2021

Objetivo: Determinar o perfil epidemiológico de pacientes atendidos pelo Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), em determinado município do interior de Minas Gerais, bem como os gastos financeiros e o repasse financeiro para os centros de atendimento de traumas. Material e métodos: Trata-se de um estudo ecológico, descritivo, realizado a partir da coleta de dados pelo SIH-SUS, no período de janeiro de 2011 a dezembro de 2021, em um município do interior de Minas Gerais. Resultados: Foi identificado um total de 14.138 pacientes, com maior acometimento de pessoas do sexo masculino, com idade entre 15 e 44 anos. Como causas mais frequentes, destacaram-se os traumatismos de quadril e coxa, seguidos de traumatismos de membros superiores (ombro, antebraço, braço, punho e mão) e cabeça. Como tempo médio de permanência hospitalar, houve 4.693 diárias entre 2011 e 2021 secundárias a complicações em enfermarias e unidade de terapia intensiva, elevando cerca de 2,37% os valores repassados pelo SUS no período estudado. Em resumo, a análise da incidência de traumas nas emergências de um município do interior de Minas Gerais revela uma preocupante tendência em que homens na faixa etária de 15 a 44 anos emergem como as principais vítimas. Esse padrão pode ser influenciado por fatores como ocupação, comportamentos de risco e mobilidade. Conclusão: A compreensão dessa demografia específica é crucial para direcionar estratégias de prevenção e resposta adequadas. A implementação de medidas educativas, segurança no trânsito e promoção da saúde mental pode contribuir para mitigar os impactos dos traumas nesse grupo demográfico, melhorando sua qualidade de vida e a saúde geral da comunidade.

Objective: To determine the epidemiological profile of patients assisted by the unified health system, in a certain municipality in the interior of Minas Gerais, as well as the financial expenses and the financial transfer to trauma care centers. Material and methods: This is an ecological, descriptive study, carried out from data collection by SIH-SUS, from January 2011 to December 2021 in a municipality in the interior of Minas Gerais. Results: a total of 14,138 patients were identified, with greater involvement of male people aged between 15 and 44 years. As the most frequent causes, trauma to the hip and thigh stood out, followed by trauma to the upper limbs (shoulder, forearm, arm, wrist and hand) and head. As for the average length of hospital stay, there were 4,693 daily stays between 2011 and 2021 secondary to complications in wards and the intensive care unit. Increasing about 2.37% in the values transferred by the unified health system between the studied decade. In summary, the analysis of the incidence of trauma in emergencies in a municipality in the interior of Minas Gerais reveals a worrying trend in which men aged 15 to 44 years emerge as the main victims. This pattern can be influenced by factors such as occupation, risky behavior and mobility. Conclusion: Understanding this specific demographic is crucial to targeting appropriate prevention and response strategies. The implementation of educational measures, road safety and mental health promotion can help to mitigate the impacts of trauma in this demographic group, improving their quality of life and the general health of the community.

Is the use of ozonated oil effective in the treatment of oral lesions? Systematic review of clinical studies / ¿Es el uso del aceite ozonizado efectivo en el tratamiento de las lesiones orales? Una revisión sistemática de estudios clínicos

Abstract The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review (SR) of the therapeutic effect of ozonated oil for oral lesions treatment. A SR was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. The Medline (PubMed), Embase, Cochrane Library, Scielo and LILACS were investigated, together with manual searches, to extract all publications until December 2020, including randomized and non-randomized clinical trials reporting the effects of ozonated oils on the management of oral lesions when compared with other methods. The risk of bias (RoB) of the studies included were assessed by using the RoB 2 tool and ROBINS-I. After analyzing the titles and reading the abstracts, 1932 articles were excluded; the remaining 25 passed a full-text evaluation. Ultimately, 13 articles were included in this SR. There was heterogeneity of the results regarding healing times and intervals of ozonated oil application for the treatment of each type of oral lesion, but in general, there was a shorter healing time when ozonated oil was used as therapy, and no adverse effects were reported. Despite the limited information found and the lack of rigorous methodological standards for the use of ozonated oil on oral lesions, a positive effect was suggested. The findings indicated an advantage in terms of shorter healing times when compared with other conventional treatments. No adverse effects were reported, showing safety and reliability for patient's treatment.

Resumen El objetivo de este estudio fue realizar una revisión sistemática (RS) del efecto terapéutico del aceite ozonizado sobre las lesiones orales. Se realizó una RS siguiendo las directrices PRISMA. Se realizaron búsquedas en Medline (PubMed), Embase, Cochrane Library, Scielo y LILACS, y búsquedas manuales, que abarcaron hasta diciembre de 2020, de ensayos clínicos aleatorizados y no aleatorizados que informaran sobre el efecto de los aceites ozonizados en el tratamiento de las lesiones orales en comparación con cualquier otro método. El riesgo de sesgo (RoB) de los estudios incluidos se evaluó mediante la herramienta RoB 2 y ROBINS-I. Tras analizar los títulos y leer los resúmenes, se excluyeron 1932 artículos; los 25 restantes pasaron una evaluación exhaustiva del texto completo. Finalmente, se incluyeron 13 artículos en esta RS. Hubo heterogeneidad de resultados en cuanto a los tiempos de cicatrización y los intervalos de aplicación del aceite ozonizado para el tratamiento de cada tipo de lesión oral, pero en general, hubo un menor tiempo de cicatrización cuando se utilizó el aceite ozonizado como terapia, y no se comunicaron efectos adversos. A pesar de la limitada información encontrada y de la falta de normas metodológicas rigurosas sobre el uso de aceite ozonizado en lesiones orales, se sugirió un efecto positivo del uso de aceite ozonizado para el tratamiento de lesiones orales. Los resultados indicaron una ventaja en términos de menor tiempo de curación en comparación con otros tratamientos convencionales; además, no se notificaron efectos adversos, por lo que se demostró una opción de tratamiento segura y fiable para los pacientes.

Fascitis necrosante como causa de muerte en trauma de recto. Reporte de caso / Necrotizing fasciitis as a cause of death in rectal trauma. Case report

Introducción. La perforación del recto por trauma cerrado es poco frecuente y se asocia a fracturas pélvicas. En pacientes con perforaciones de recto no traumáticas se ha reportado fascitis necrosante en miembros inferiores, en la mayoría de los casos asociada a alta mortalidad. Caso clínico. Hombre de 36 años con trauma cerrado abdomino-pélvico y perforación de recto inferior, quien recibió manejo quirúrgico mediante derivación intestinal y fijación pélvica. Evolucionó con hematoma escrotal sobreinfectado, inestabilidad hemodinámica, signos de fascitis necrosante y choque séptico 4 días posterior a su ingreso. Resultados. Se tomó muestra para cultivo del hematoma escrotal que reportó E. coli. La patología del desbridamiento escrotal informó necrosis de coagulación en toda la muestra. Conclusión. El tacto rectal debe realizarse siempre ante la presencia de enfisema subcutáneo al examen físico o en la tomografía, para un diagnóstico temprano y manejo quirúrgico multidisciplinario oportuno, según el caso. La presencia de enfisema subcutáneo debe aumentar la sospecha de perforación de recto. Hay pocos reportes de fascitis secundaria a perforación de recto por trauma cerrado, por lo que no se conoce con precisión la mortalidad asociada.

Introduction. Rectal perforation due to blunt trauma is rare and associated with pelvic fractures. Signs of necrotizing fasciitis in lower limbs have been reported in non-traumatic rectal perforations, in most cases associated with high mortality. Case report. A 36-year-old man presents blunt abdomino-pelvic trauma and perforation of the lower rectum. Surgical management by intestinal diversion and pelvic fixation is performed. 4 days after admission, evolves with over-infected scrotal hematoma, hemodynamic instability, signs of necrotizing fasciitis and septic shock. Results. A sample for culture was taken from a scrotal hematoma that reported E. coli. Pathology of scrotal debridement reported coagulation necrosis in the entire specimen. Discussion. Digital rectal examination should always be performed in the presence of subcutaneous emphysema on physical examination or CT scan for early and multidisciplinary diagnosis and surgical management as appropriate. Conclusion. The presence of subcutaneous emphysema should raise the suspicion of rectal perforation. There are few reports of rectal perforation due to blunt trauma and fasciitis, so the associated mortality is not precisely known.

Análise epidemiológica das fraturas de mão em um hospital terciário / Epidemiological analysis of hand fractures in a tertiary hospital

Introdução: O trauma de mão constitui uma epidemia, ocorrendo por diversos fatores, como acidentes de trabalho e violência urbana. Isso gera um impacto significativo por ser uma unidade anatômica vulnerável e importante na realização de atividades cotidianas e para o trabalho. Desse modo, faz-se necessária uma avaliação epidemiológica mais aprofundada no que tange, sobretudo, às fraturas de mãos, entendendo sua elevada morbidade. Método: Estudo descritivo e retrospectivo, feito por análise de prontuários de pacientes conduzidos em um hospital terciário no período de janeiro de 2018 a dezembro de 2020. Resultados: Participaram do estudo 290 pacientes, sendo 85,7% do sexo masculino e 14,3% do sexo feminino. 138 indivíduos tinham entre 20 e 39 anos, representando um total de 47,6%. 51,6% eram do interior do estado do Ceará e 48,4% eram da capital. O principal mecanismo de trauma associado às fraturas foram os acidentes de trânsito (36,4%), seguidos por acidentes de trabalho (26,9%) e ferimentos por arma de fogo (14%). Em relação aos ossos fraturados, houve uma acentuada prevalência do acometimento das falangeanas, em todas as faixas etárias, representando 210 pacientes (72,4%). Conclusão: O presente estudo corrobora com os dados presentes na literatura. Desse modo, é evidenciada a repetição de prevalência de faixa etária, principais mecanismos de trauma envolvidos, bem como ossos acometidos nas fraturas de mão.

Introduction: Hand trauma is an epidemic occurring due to several factors, such as work accidents and urban violence. This significantly impacts it as it is a vulnerable and important anatomical unit for daily activities and work. Therefore, a more in-depth epidemiological assessment is necessary regarding hand fractures and understanding their high morbidity. Method: A descriptive and retrospective study was conducted by analyzing the medical records of patients treated in a tertiary hospital from January 2018 to December 2020. Results: 290 patients participated in the study, 85.7% male and 14.3 % female. One hundred thirty-eight individuals were between 20 and 39 years old, representing 47.6%. 51.6% were from the interior of the state of Ceará, and 48.4% were from the capital. The main trauma mechanism associated with fractures was traffic accidents (36.4%), followed by work accidents (26.9%) and firearm injuries (14%). Concerning fractured bones, there was a marked prevalence of phalangeal involvement in all age groups, representing 210 patients (72.4%). Conclusion: The present study corroborates the data present in the literature. In this way, the repetition of the prevalence of age group, main trauma mechanisms involved, as well as bones affected by hand fractures is evidenced.

O trauma de face submetido a cirurgia: Uma análise epidemiológica de 10 anos no interior do Brasil / Facial trauma undergoing surgery: A 10-year epidemiological analysis in the interior of Brazil

Introdução: O trauma de face representa significativa incapacitação para a vítima, além de um desafio para as equipes de saúde devido a sua complexidade e envolvimento de estruturas nobres. Analisar a sua epidemiologia permite coordenar medidas em saúde pública para melhorar o atendimento e a prevenção. Método: Estudo observacional, descritivo, longitudinal, com abordagem retrospectiva a partir dos prontuários dos pacientes vítimas de trauma de face atendidos pela clínica cirúrgica no período entre 2010 e 2019. Resultados: Dentre os 529 prontuários incluídos no estudo e analisados, 71,08% tratava-se de cirurgias eletivas e o restante, 28,92%, de cirurgias de urgência. O trauma foi mais frequente em indivíduos de 20 a 29 anos, o que corresponde a 31,76% do total de casos. Também foi mais frequente em indivíduos do sexo masculino, correspondendo a 78,45% do total de casos. Acidentes automobilísticos foram a causa mais comum, descrita em 22,31% dos prontuários, e a principal fratura, presente em 85,83% dos casos, foi dos ossos próprios do nariz. Conclusão: As vítimas de traumatismo bucomaxilofacial atendidas no Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro são predominantemente homens na terceira década de vida, envolvidos em acidentes automobilísticos, com lesões em ossos do nariz que foram abordadas de forma eletiva.

Introduction: Facial trauma represents significant incapacitation for the victim, as well as a challenge for healthcare teams due to its complexity and involvement of important structures. Analyzing its epidemiology allows us to coordinate public health measures to improve care and prevention. Method: Observational, descriptive, longitudinal study with a retrospective approach based on the medical records of patients who suffered facial trauma treated by the surgical clinic between 2010 and 2019. Results: Among in individuals aged 20 to 29 years, which corresponds to 31.76% of total cases. It was also more common in males, corresponding to 78.45% of total cases. Car accidents were the most common cause, described in 22.31% of medical records, and the main fracture, present in 85.83% of cases, was of the bones of the nose. Conclusion: Victims of oral and maxillofacial trauma treated at the Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro are predominantly men in their third decade of life, involved in automobile accidents, with injuries to the bones of the nose that were treated electively.

Lesión por pinchazo de aguja en trabajadores de salud / Needle-stick injury in healthcare workers

Introducción: Los trabajadores de salud, especialmente enfermeras y enfermeros, laboratoristas y paramédicos tienen mayor riesgo de exposición a lesiones por pinchazo de aguja, en ocasiones, por un inadecuado manejo y almacenamiento de desechos hospitalarios. Objetivo: Describir las causas de lesión por pinchazo de aguja y las medidas de prevención tomadas por los trabajadores de salud. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de corte transversal utilizando una encuesta en línea; participaron 74 trabajadores de salud del Hospital Nacional Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo y el Hospital Regional Lambayeque; los datos están presentados como estadística descriptiva; para el análisis estadístico se utilizó InfoStat 2019. Resultados: La edad media de los encuestados fue de 28,9 años (rango de 17-48); la mayoría fueron mujeres (56,8 %), y el 43,2 %, varones. Del total de encuestados (42, 56,8 %), alguna vez tuvo una lesión por pinchazo de aguja, mientras, el 43,2 % no ha recibido lesiones. La severidad del pinchazo de aguja fue leve en 51,4 % de los casos, 6,8 % fue moderada y 41,9 % no tuvo lesión. Conclusiones: Las principales modalidades causantes de pinchazo de aguja encontradas en este estudio fueron: reencapuchar la aguja, extracción de sangre venosa, el movimiento repentino del paciente durante una inyección o una sutura. Una capacitación continua, el uso de equipos de protección personal y seguir las pautas de eliminación adecuada de los objetos cortopunzantes, ayudarían a prevenir este tipo de lesiones en trabajadores de salud y por ende, evitar la transmisión de infecciones a través de sangre percutánea.

Introduction: healthcare workers, especially nurses, laboratory workers and paramedics have a higher risk of exposure to needle-stick injuries, which is sometimes due to inadequate handling and hospital waste storage. Objective: to describe causes of needle-stick injury and preventive measures taken by healthcare workers. Methods: a cross-sectional study was conducted using an online survey; 74 healthcare workers from the Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo National Hospital and the Lambayeque Regional Hospital participated; data are presented as descriptive statistics; InfoStat 2019 was used for the statistical analysis. Results: the mean age of the respondents was 28.9 years (range 17-48); the majority were female (56.8%), and 43.2%, male. The 56.8% from the total number of respondents (42) had ever had a needle-stick injury, while 43.2% had not received injuries. The severity of the needle stick was mild in 51.4% of the cases, 6.8% was moderate and 41.9% had no injury. Conclusions: needle recapping, venous blood withdrawal and patients' sudden movement during an injection or a suture were the main causes of needle stick found in this study. A continuous training, the use of personal protective equipment, and following the proper disposal guidelines for sharp objects would help health workers to prevent this type of injury, and thus to avoid the transmission of infections through percutaneous blood.

Parâmetros farmacocinéticos, farmacodinâmicos e toxicidade da hidroxicloroquina: uma revisão / Parameters pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic and toxicity of hydroxychloroquine: a review

Objetivo: verificar a toxicidade do uso medicamentoso da hidroxicloroquina em pacientes. Metodologia: trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura com uma avaliação documental e abordagem descritiva nas bases de dados eletrônicos LILACS, SCIELO e MEDLINE-PUBMED, usando diferentes combinações de descritores, publicados entre os anos de 2015 a 2023, nos idiomas inglês, espanhol e português. Resultados: este estudo revisou 117 artigos científicos, dos quais 67 foram nos Estados Unidos. Além disso, o ano de 2020 obteve 21,2% a mais de publicações em relação ao ano de 2015. Desse modo, notou-se que a prevalência de 44,07% das lesões pelo uso da hidroxicloroquina foi oftálmica, 35,5% foram cardíacas, 14,4%, dermatológicas e as outras demais porcentagens restantes. Conclusão: portanto, os resultados obtidos confirmam a toxicidade da hidroxicloroquina no uso de tratamentos adjacentes.

Introduction: Tto verify the toxicity of the use of hydroxychloroquine medications in patients. Methods: it is an integrative literature review with a documentary evaluation and descriptive approach conducted in the electronic databases LILACS, SCIELO, and MEDLINE-PUBMED, using different combinations of descriptors, published between 2015 and 2023 in English, Spanish, and Portuguese. Results: this study reviewed 117 scientific articles, with 67 of them conducted in the United States. Besides that, 2020 had a 21.2% increase in publications compared to 2015. It was observed that 44.07% of the injuries caused by hydroxychloroquine use were ophthalmic, 35.5% were cardiac, 14.4% were dermatological, and the remaining percentages accounted for other types of injuries. Conclusion: therefore, the obtained results confirm the toxicity of hydroxychloroquine in the use of adjacent treatments.

Manifestaciones dermatológicas de la cirrosis hepática: revisión de la literatura / Dermatological manifestations of liver cirrhosis: review of the literature

La piel y sus anexos tienen amplia relación con todos los órganos y sistemas. Los cambios presentes en estos pueden ser el primer hallazgo en un paciente con enfermedad hepática, encontrándose hasta en el 20 % de los casos, por lo que las manifestaciones extrahepáticas adquieren importancia, y aunque muchas de estas no son específicas, algunos marcadores dermatológicos pueden ayudar al diagnóstico de la enfermedad y se pueden correlacionar con su severidad. El desarrollo de las lesiones cutáneas en los pacientes con cirrosis hepática se genera principalmente por hipertensión portal y exceso de estrógenos circulantes, por lo tanto, su tratamiento se basa en el manejo de la patología hepática subyacente. En el presente artículo se hace una revisión de la literatura y se describe un amplio espectro de manifestaciones dermatológicas asociadas a cirrosis hepática, con sus características y etiopatogénesis, siendo las más frecuentes la ictericia, el prurito, los nevus en araña, el eritema palmar, las venas en cabeza de Medusa, y los cambios de uñas y del vello, entre otras.

The skin and its annexes have a broad relationship with all organs and systems. Changes present in these can be the initial finding in a patient with liver disease, occurring in up to 20% of cases, therefore the extrahepatic manifestations become important, and although many of these are not specific, some dermatological markers can help in the diagnosis of the disease and may correlate with its severity. The development of cutaneous lesions in patients with liver cirrhosis is mainly generated by portal hypertension and excess of circulating estrogens, therefore their treatment is based on managing the underlying liver pathology. This article reviews the literature and describes a wide range of dermatological manifestations associated with liver cirrhosis, with their characteristics and etiopathogenesis, being the most frequent jaundice, pruritus, spider nevus, palmar erythema, caput Medusae veins, nail and hair changes, among others.

Uso de la tomografía corporal total en pacientes con heridas de arma de fuego y hemodinámicamente inestables: ¿Rompiendo paradigmas de atención inicial? / Whole-body computed tomography in hemodynamically unstable patients with gunshot wounds: A paradigm shift in trauma management?

Introducción. El objetivo del estudio fue analizar el impacto del uso de la tomografía corporal total en la evaluación de los pacientes con trauma penetrante por proyectil de arma de fuego y hemodinámicamente inestables atendidos en un centro de referencia de trauma. Métodos. Se realizó un estudio analítico, retrospectivo, con base en un subanálisis del registro de la Sociedad Panamericana de Trauma ­ Fundación Valle del Lili. Se incluyeron los pacientes con trauma penetrante por proyectil de arma de fuego atendidos entre 2018 y 2021. Se excluyeron los pacientes con trauma craneoencefálico severo, trauma leve y en condición in extremis. Resultados. Doscientos pacientes cumplieron los criterios de elegibilidad, 115 fueron estudiados con tomografía corporal total y se compararon con 85 controles. La mortalidad intrahospitalaria en el grupo de tomografía fue de 4/115 (3,5 %) vs 10/85 (12 %) en el grupo control. En el análisis multivariado se identificó que la tomografía no tenía asociación significativa con la mortalidad (aOR=0,46; IC95% 0,10-1,94). El grupo de tomografía tuvo una reducción relativa del 39 % en la frecuencia de cirugías mayores, con un efecto asociado en la disminución de la necesidad de cirugía (aOR=0,47; IC95% 0,22-0,98). Conclusiones. La tomografía corporal total fue empleada en el abordaje inicial de los pacientes con trauma penetrante por proyectil de arma de fuego y hemodinámicamente inestables. Su uso no se asoció con una mayor mortalidad, pero sí con una menor frecuencia de cirugías mayores.

Introduction. This study aims to assess the impact of whole-body computed tomography (WBCT) in the evaluation of patients with penetrating gunshot wounds (GSW) who are hemodynamically unstable and treated at a trauma referral center. Methods. An analytical, retrospective study was conducted based on a subanalysis of the Panamerican Trauma Society-FVL registry. Patients with GSW treated between 2018 and 2021 were included. Patients with severe cranioencephalic trauma, minor trauma, and those in extremis were excluded. Patients with and without WBCT were compared. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality, and the secondary outcome was the frequency of major surgeries (thoracotomy, sternotomy, cervicotomy, and/or laparotomy) during initial care. Results. Two hundred eligible patients were included, with 115 undergoing WBCT and compared to 85 controls. In-hospital mortality in the WBCT group was 4/115 (3.5%) compared to 10/85 (12%) in the control group. Multivariate analysis showed that WBCT was not significantly associated to mortality (aOR: 0.46; 95% CI 0.10-1.94). The WBCT group had a relative reduction of 39% in the frequency of major surgeries, with an associated effect on reducing the need for surgery (aOR: 0.47; 95% CI 0.22-0.98). Conclusions. Whole-body computed tomography was employed in the initial management of patients with penetrating firearm projectile injuries and hemodynamic instability. The use of WBCT was not associated with mortality but rather with a reduction in the frequency of major surgery.

Umbral crítico de administración en pacientes con trauma severo y reanimación endovascular: ¿Un concepto útil? / Critical Administration Threshold in severe trauma patients and endovascular resuscitation: A useful concept?

Introducción. Se describe la utilidad del umbral crítico de administración (CAT por su denominación en inglés) como herramienta para la reanimación hemostática en pacientes con trauma severo y oclusión endovascular aórtica. Métodos. Revisión retrospectiva de pacientes adultos con hemorragia por trauma, con o sin oclusión endovascular aórtica (REBOA), atendidos entre enero de 2015 y junio de 2020, en un centro de trauma nivel I en Cali, Colombia. Se registraron variables demográficas, severidad del trauma, estado clínico, requerimiento transfusional, tiempo hasta CAT+ y CAT alcanzado (1, 2 ó 3). Resultados. Se incluyeron 93 pacientes, se utilizó REBOA en 36 y manejo tradicional en 57. El grupo REBOA presentó mayor volumen de sangrado (mediana de 3000 ml, RIC: 1950-3625 ml) frente al grupo control (mediana de1500 ml, RIC: 700-2975ml) (p<0,001) y mayor cantidad de glóbulos rojos transfundidos en las primeras 6 horas (mediana de 5, RIC:4-9); p=0,015 y en las primeras 24 horas (mediana de 6, RIC: 4-11); p=0,005. No hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas en número de pacientes CAT+ entre grupos o tiempo hasta alcanzarlo. Sin embargo, el estado CAT+ durante los primeros 30 minutos de la cirugía fue mayor en grupo REBOA (24/36, 66,7 %) frente al grupo control (17/57, 29,8 %; p=0,001), teniendo este mayor tasa de mortalidad intrahospitalaria frente a los pacientes CAT-. Conclusión. El umbral crítico de administración es una herramienta útil en la reanimación hemostática de pacientes con trauma y REBOA, que podría predecir mortalidad precoz.

Introduction. The objective is to describe the utility of the Critical Administration Threshold (CAT) as a tool in hemostatic resuscitation in patients with severe trauma and REBOA. Methods. Retrospective review between January 2015 and June 2020 of adult patients with hemorrhage secondary to trauma with or without REBOA in a level I trauma center in Cali, Colombia. Demographic variables, trauma severity, clinical status, transfusion needs, time to CAT+ and number of CAT achieved (1, 2 or 3) were recorded. Results. Ninety-three patients were included, in which REBOA was used in 36 and traditional management in 57. The REBOA group had a higher bleeding volume (3000 ml), IQR: 1950-3625 ml vs the control group (1500 ml, IQR: 700-2975 ml) (p<0.001) and a higher rate of PRBC units transfused in the first 6 hours (median 5, IQR: 4-9); p=0.015 and in the first 24 hours (median 6, IQR: 4-11); p=0.005. There were no statistically significant differences in the number of CAT+ patients between groups or time to CAT+. However, CAT+ status during the first 30 minutes of surgery was higher in the REBOA Group (24/36, 66.7%) vs. the control group (17/57, 29.8%; p=0.001), having this group a higher in-hospital mortality rate vs. CAT- patients. Conclusion. CAT is a useful tool in the hemostatic resuscitation of patients with trauma and REBOA that could predict early mortality.

El verdadero origen histórico del trauma cardíaco penetrante / The true historical origin of penetrating cardiac trauma

Introducción. Los traumatismos cardíacos son lesiones graves y con elevado índice de letalidad, aspecto que influye en el interés mostrado por los lectores cada vez que aparecen reportados en publicaciones científicas. En ocasiones existe cierto grado de incongruencia a la hora de establecer el origen histórico de sucesos o eventos ocurridos y relacionados con la historia de la medicina. En el caso del trauma cardíaco penetrante han sido descritos diversos orígenes en algunos de los artículos científicos publicados, lo cual puede generar un grado de duda en los lectores. Métodos. Se realizó una revisión de la literatura, médica y no médica, para buscar información que ayudara a esclarecer el verdadero origen histórico de esta entidad. Resultados. El trauma cardíaco penetrante fue descrito por primera vez en la obra griega titulada La Ilíada, escrita por Homero en el siglo VIII A.C., y no en El papiro quirúrgico de Edwin Smith, como varios autores mencionan. Conclusiones. De todos los eventos de trauma cardíaco penetrante descritos, el más irrefutable es el narrado en el canto XIII, donde se cuenta la muerte de Alcátoo, producto de una herida cardíaca ocasionada por una lanza arrojada por Idomeneo durante una batalla

Introduction. Cardiac traumatic injuries are serious injuries with a high lethality rate, an aspect that influences the interest shown by readers each time they appear reported in scientific publications. Sometimes there is a certain degree of inconsistency when it comes to establishing the historical origin of occurrences or events related to the history of medicine. In the case of penetrating cardiac trauma, different origins have been described in some of the published scientific articles, which may generate a degree of doubt in the readers. Methods. A review of the medical and non-medical literature was carried out to seek information that would help to clarify the true historical origin of this entity. Results. Penetrating cardiac trauma was first described in a Greek work entitled The Iliad, written by Homer in the 8th century B.C., and not in The Surgical Papyrus of Edwin Smith as several authors mention. Conclusions. Of all the events of penetrating cardiac trauma described, the most irrefutable is the one narrated in canto XIII, where it recounts the death of Alcathous product of a cardiac wound caused by a spear thrown by Idomeneo during a battle.

Lesión cardíaca por arma blanca inadvertida durante la evaluación inicial en el servicio de emergencia / Missed cardiac stab injury during initial evaluation in the Emergency Department

Introducción. La incidencia reportada de traumatismo cardíaco es baja y su grado de resolución es variable, dependiendo de la causa, el mecanismo de la lesión, el lugar donde ocurra y las características del sistema sanitario. Su incidencia ha aumentado recientemente debido al incremento de los accidentes de tránsito y la violencia, predominando los traumatismos penetrantes asociados a heridas por armas cortopunzantes y de fuego. Los traumatismos cardíacos se acompañan de un alto grado de letalidad. Caso clínico. Mujer de 35 años que consultó a emergencia por trauma torácico penetrante ocasionado por arma blanca y fue intervenida de urgencia por derrame pleural izquierdo, sin mejoría hemodinámica. Fue reevaluada detectándose derrame pericárdico con taponamiento cardíaco, ocasionado por lesión cardíaca. Fue tratada quirúrgicamente con resultados satisfactorios. Resultados. Las manifestaciones clínicas en los traumatismos penetrantes generalmente son graves y fatales, pero en algunos casos puede no comprometer tanto la hemodinamia del paciente. Para consolidar el diagnóstico clínico pueden realizarse variados estudios, siendo la ecografía FAST extendida uno de los más recomendados por su elevada sensibilidad y especificidad. Dependiendo del adelanto tecnológico del centro hospitalario y la estabilidad hemodinámica del paciente, el tratamiento quirúrgico es el más indicado. Conclusión. El conocimiento del trauma cardíaco penetrante resulta de gran importancia, no solo para el médico del servicio de emergencia sino también para el médico general. Un diagnóstico rápido y acertado, unido a un manejo adecuado, pueden ser decisivos para salvar la vida del paciente.

Introduction. The reported incidence of cardiac trauma is low and its degree of resolution is variable depending on the cause, the mechanism of injury, the place where it occurs and the characteristics of the health care system. Their incidence has currently increased due to the increase in traffic accidents and violence, with a predominance of penetrating trauma associated with stab wounds and firearms. Cardiac trauma is accompanied by a high degree of lethality. Clinical case. A 35-year-old female patient, evaluated in the emergency room for penetrating thoracic trauma caused by stab wound. She underwent emergency intervention due to left pleural effusion, but without hemodynamic improvement. She was reevaluated and pericardial effusion with cardiac tamponade caused by cardiac injury was detected. She was treated surgically with satisfactory results. Results.The clinical manifestations generally described in penetrating cardiac trauma are severe and fatal, but in some cases and due to the characteristics of the injury caused, the patient's hemodynamics may not be so compromised. To consolidate the clinical diagnosis, several complementary studies can be performed, with FAST ultrasound being one of the most recommended due to its high sensitivity and specificity. Surgical treatment is still the most indicated, depending on the technological progress of the hospital and the hemodynamic stability of the patient. Conclusions.Knowledge of penetrating cardiac trauma is of great importance, not only for the emergency department physician but also for the general practitioner. A quick and accurate diagnosis, together with adequate management can be decisive in saving the patient's life.

Alteraciones de la salud humana por artefactos explosivos improvisados. Revisión sistemática exploratoria / Alterations of human health due to improvised explosive devices. Exploratory systematic review / Mudanças na saúde humana devido a dispositivos explosivos improvisados. Revisão sistemática exploratória

Objetivo: revisar la literatura existente indagando por los tipos de lesión o enfermedad que se han identificado en supervivientes de artefactos explosivos improvisados (AEI), así como aspectos individuales y colectivos relacionados con la protección o destrucción de la salud humana enfrentada a los AEI. Metodología: revisión sistemática exploratoria de literatura publicada en bases de datos, como PubMed, SciELO, LILACS, JSTOR, OpenGrey y Google Scholar, entre 2001 a 2021 en cualquier localización geográfica. Se incluyeron artículos de investigación, de revisión o reflexión, libros o capítulos de libro de investigación e informes técnicos, en inglés, español, francés y portugués. Resultados: cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión y fueron revisados 76 documentos. Se han reportado múltiples lesiones asociadas al uso de los AEI, sin que exista un patrón característico de lesión o enfermedad; no obstante, la lesión más común es la amputación bilateral de miembros inferiores. En supervivientes se ha encontrado que el personal militar afectado suele mostrar una mayor capacidad de resiliencia, calidad de vida, tratamiento oportuno y capacidad física funcional más alta, comparado con civiles. El apoyo social genera efectos positivos en la salud y bienestar de los afectados. Conclusiones: los AEI generan múltiples afectaciones a la salud humana, físicas y psicosociales, los cuales requieren una atención integral y multidisciplinaria para el tratamiento, rehabilitación y reintegración de los supervivientes. Los aspectos protectores y destructivos identificados se encuentran asociados a mejores o peores resultados en la salud, existe una representación desigual entre civiles y militares.

Objective: to review the existing literature where we inquired for injury types or illness identified in victims of improvised explosive devices (IED), and also to look for individual and collective processes described in literature in relation with the protection or destruction of human's health and IEDs. Methodology: exploratory systematic review of the literature published on PubMed, SciELO, LILACS, JSTOR, OpenGrey and Google Scholar databases between 2001 and 2022, in any geographic location. We included research, review and opinion articles, books and book chapters reporting research results, and final technical reports in English, Spanish, French and Portuguese. Results: 76 documents met the inclusion criteria and were reviewed. Multiple types of injuries have been reported in relation with the use of IEDs, without a characteristic pattern of injury or disease reported; however, the most common injury is bilateral lower limb amputation. In survivors it has been found that affected military personnel tend to show greater resilience capacity, better quality of life, timely treatment, and higher functional physical capacity, compared to civilians. Social support generates positive health effects and wellness of people affected by IED. Conclusion: IEDs generate multiple effects on human health, both physical and psychosocial, which is why comprehensive and multidisciplinary care is required for the treatment, rehabilitation, and reintegration of their victims. The protective and destructive processes identified are associated with better or worse health outcomes, with unequal representation between civilians and military personnel.

Objetivo: Revisar a literatura existente investigando os tipos de lesão ou doença que foram identificados em sobreviventes de artefatos explosivos improvisados ​​(IED), bem como aspectos individuais e coletivos relacionados à proteção ou destruição da saúde humana diante de IEDs. Metodologia: Revisão sistemática exploratória da literatura publicada nas bases de dados Pubmed, Scielo, Lilacs, JSTORE, Open Gray e Google Acadêmico, entre 2001 e 2021 em qualquer localidade geográfica. Foram incluídos artigos de pesquisa, revisão ou reflexão, livros ou capítulos de livros de pesquisa, relatórios técnicos, em inglês, espanhol, francês e português. Resultados: Atenderam aos critérios de inclusão e foram revisados ​​76 documentos. Múltiplas lesões associadas ao uso de IEDs foram relatadas, sem um padrão característico de lesão ou doença; entretanto, a lesão mais comum é a amputação bilateral de membros inferiores. Nos sobreviventes, verificou-se que os militares acometidos tendem a apresentar maior resiliência, qualidade de vida, tratamento oportuno e maior capacidade física funcional, em comparação aos civis. O apoio social gera efeitos positivos na saúde e bem-estar das pessoas afetadas. Conclusões: Os IEDs geram múltiplos efeitos na saúde humana, física e psicossocial, que requerem atenção integral e multidisciplinar para o tratamento, reabilitação e reintegração dos sobreviventes. Os aspectos protetores e destrutivos identificados estão associados a melhores ou piores resultados de saúde, com representação desigual entre civis e militares.

Fatores de risco para lesões periestomais em estomas de eliminação: um protocolo de revisão sistemática e metassíntese / Risk factors for peristomal skin complications in elimination stomas: a systematic review and meta-synthesis protocol

OBJETIVO: Analisar os fatores de risco para complicações de lesão periestomal em estomas de eliminação. MÉTODO: Uma revisão sistemática e um protocolo de meta-síntese serão conduzidos de acordo com o checklist Principais Itens para Relatar Revisões Sistemáticas e Metanálises (PRISMA) e as diretrizes e recomendações metodológicas do Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). Dois pesquisadores independentes realizarão buscas nas seguintes bases de dados: Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, PubMed via CAPES e LILACS. Os estudos elegíveis incluirão estudos observacionais, estudos experimentais e estudos quase-experimentais publicados em inglês, espanhol e português, com foco em fatores de risco para complicações da pele periestomal em estomas de eliminação. Será utilizado o software Rayyan Intelligent para auxiliar no processo de seleção dos estudos. O risco de viés será apresentado usando gráficos de barras ponderadas e gráficos de semáforos para exibir os resultados para cada domínio avaliado em cada estudo incluído. A metassíntese será realizada em software de análise qualitativa, empregando análise de similaridade textual.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze risk factors for peristomal skin complications in elimination stomas. METHOD: A systematic review and meta-synthesis protocol will be conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and the methodological guidelines and recommendations of the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). Two independent researchers will search the following databases: Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, PubMed via CAPES, and LILACS. Eligible studies will include observational, experimental, and quasi-experimental studies published in English, Spanish, and Portuguese, focusing on risk factors for peristomal skin complications in elimination stomas. A software will be used to aid in the study selection process. The risk of bias will be presented using weighted bar graphs and traffic light plots to display the results for each assessed domain in each included study. The meta-synthesis will be conducted using qualitative analysis software, employing textual similarity analysis.

Experiencia cotidiana de personas con trauma ocular y maxilo facial producto de violencia por agentes del Estado en el contexto del estallido social chileno: aproximaciones desde una perspectiva de derechos humanos / Experiência cotidiana de pessoas com trauma ocular e maxilofacial resultante de violência por agentes do Estado no contexto da crise social chilena: aproximações a partir de uma perspectiva de direitos humanos / Daily experience of people with ocular and maxillofacial trauma as a result of violence by State agents in the context of the Chilean social outbreak: approaches from a human rights perspective

Resumen Introducción La violenta represión ocurrida en Chile durante el estallido social (2019-2020) dejó un número sin precedentes de personas lesionadas con resultado de trauma ocular y maxilofacial producto de la acción de agentes del Estado, desatando una crisis socio-sanitaria que requirió del abordaje las problemáticas de salud con énfasis en el daño estructural y funcional. Objetivo Analizar la experiencia cotidiana de personas afectadas por trauma ocular y/o maxilofacial desde una perspectiva de derechos humanos, con énfasis en aportar antecedentes que contribuyan a los procesos de apoyo funcional y psicosocial. Método Estudio de enfoque cualitativo, considerando el análisis de 3 entrevistas en profundidad centradas en la experiencia cotidiana producida a raíz de la violencia policial. Éstas se analizaron en base a la técnica de análisis de contenido, con una posterior triangulación. Resultados Se apreciaron una serie de interferencias y repercusiones cotidianas producto del trauma, generando el fenómeno de una cotidianidad interferida, además del extrañamiento de sí misma/o. Se discutió sobre el contraste entre las experiencias y expectativas de la atención en salud y procesos de reparación, que resultan aún insuficientes y tienden hacia la revictimización. Conclusión El acceso a rehabilitación funcional y psicosocial es parte fundamental de los procesos de reparación integral de las personas que vivieron estas experiencias traumáticas durante el estallido social. Es fundamental que los dispositivos sanitarios y judiciales profundicen abordajes desde una perspectiva de derechos humanos incorporando el enfoque de género para cumplir los principios de verdad, justicia, reparación y garantías de no repetición.

Resumo Introdução A violenta repressão ocorrida no Chile durante a crise social (2019-2020) deixou um número sem precedentes de pessoas feridas por traumas oculares e maxilofaciais, produto da ação de agentes do Estado, desencadeando uma crise sociossanitária que exigiu a abordagem dos problemas de saúde com ênfase nos danos estruturais e funcionais. Objetivo Analisar a experiência cotidiana de pessoas acometidas por traumas oculares e/ou maxilofaciais sob a ótica dos direitos humanos, com ênfase no fornecimento de informações básicas que contribuam para os processos de apoio funcional e psicossocial. Método Estudo com abordagem qualitativa, considerando a análise de três entrevistas em profundidade, focadas na experiência cotidiana produzida em decorrência da violência policial. Estas foram analisadas ​​com base na técnica de análise de conteúdo, com posterior triangulação de dados. Resultados Observou-se uma série de interferências e repercussões cotidianas em decorrência do trauma, gerando o fenômeno de uma cotidianidade interferida, além do estranhamento de si mesma/o. Discutiu-se o contraste entre as experiências e expectativas da atenção em saúde e processos de reparação, que ainda são insuficientes e tendem à revitimização. Conclusão O acesso à reabilitação funcional e psicossocial é parte fundamental dos processos de reparação integral e psicossocial das pessoas que vivenciaram essas experiências traumáticas durante a crise social. É fundamental que os dispositivos sanitários e judiciais aprofundem as abordagens desde uma perspectiva dos direitos humanos, incorporando o enfoque de gênero para cumprir os princípios de verdade, justiça, reparação e garantias de não repetição.

Abstract Introduction The violent repression that occurred in Chile during the social outbreak (2019-2020) left an unprecedented number of people injured as a result of ocular and maxillofacial trauma as a result of the action by state agents, unleashing a socio-sanitary crisis that required the approach of health problems with an emphasis on structural and functional damage. Objective To analyze the daily experience of people affected by ocular and/or maxillofacial trauma from a human rights perspective, with emphasis on providing background information that contributes to functional and psychosocial support processes. Method Study with a qualitative approach, considering the analysis of three in-depth interviews focused on the daily experience produced as a result of police violence. These were analyzed based on the content analysis technique, with subsequent triangulation. Results A series of interferences and daily repercussions as a result of the trauma were observed, generating the phenomenon of an interfered daily life in addition to self-estrangement. The contrast between the experiences and expectations of health care and reparation processes was discussed, which are still insufficient and tend towards re-victimization. Conclusion Access to functional and psychosocial rehabilitation is a fundamental part of the processes of integral and psychosocial repair for the people who lived through these traumatic experiences during the social outbreak. It is essential that health and judicial mechanisms deepen approaches from a human rights perspective, incorporating the gender approach to comply with the principles of truth, justice, reparation, and guarantees of non-repetition.

Knowledge of Brazilian Dentists about Dentoalveolar Trauma Care and their Experiences during the COVID-19 Pandemic

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess dentists' knowledge from Minas Gerais, Brazil, about dentoalveolar trauma (DT) and their experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and Methods: An online questionnaire with 34 questions was applied to collect personal data, professional training, self-assessment of experience/knowledge about DT, experience in care provided during the social distancing, and knowledge/conduct. The specific responses were evaluated based on the guidelines of the International Association of Dental Traumatology (IADT). Descriptive analysis and Pearson's chi-square test were performed. The level of significance was set at p≤0.05. Results: Most professionals (97.7%) had received information on DT, and only 4.6% of the participants considered their knowledge poor or very poor. However, 92.7% felt the need for more information on the subject. Regarding experiences during the pandemic, 55.7% provided trauma care during that period. Forty percent of the consultations were performed in person, and 33.3% of the professionals noted an increase in cases during the pandemic; 56.6% reported that the frequency did not change. The overall mean number of correct answers about DT was 5.29±2.11, indicating an acceptable level of knowledge. The mean percentage of hits for the specific questions was 44.1%. Conclusion: Although the level of knowledge of the dentists evaluated was acceptable, some aspects were deficient, with the need for more information about the IADT guidelines.

Protective effects of hesperidin in gastric damage caused by experimental ischemia-reperfusion injury model in rats

ABSTRACT Purpose: This study evaluated the protective effect of hesperidin on injury induced by gastric ischemia-reperfusion. Methods: Fifty male Sprague Dawley rats (250-300 g) were divided into five groups: control (C), sham (S), ischemia (I), ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) and hesperidin + ischemia-reperfusion (Hes + I/R). Hesperidin was injected intraperitoneally at the dose of 100 mg/kg one hour before the experimental stomach ischemia-reperfusion. Celiac artery was ligated. After 45 minutes ischemia and 60 minutes reperfusion period, blood samples were obtained under anesthesia. Then, animals were sacrificed, stomach tissues were excised for biochemical, and histopathological analyses were performed. Malondialdehyde levels and superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase activities and total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), protein, total thiol parameters were measured in plasma, and tissue homogenate samples. H + E, periodic acid-Schiff, hypoxia inducible factor, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end-labeling (TUNEL), and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) for cell proliferation as immunohistochemical parameters were determined. Results: Upon biochemical and histopathological assessment, hesperidin decreased stomach tissue changes in comparison with IR group. Ischemia-reperfusion injury led to a considerably increase in malondialdehyde, protein, and TOS levels (p < 0.001) in stomach tissue. Hesperidin treatment significantly decreased malondialdehyde, protein, and TOS levels (p < 0.001). Hesperidin increased superoxide dismutase, TAS, total thiol and glutathione peroxidase activities in comparison with IR group. Hesperidin reduced damage and also increased TUNEL and PCNA immunoreactivity in stomach tissue. Conclusions: Hesperidin was able to decrease I/R injury of the stomach tissue due to inhibition of lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation, duration of antioxidant, and free radical scavenger properties. Consequently, hesperidin can provide a beneficial therapeutic choice for preventing stomach tissue ischemia-reperfusion injury in clinical application.

Correlation between the severity and blood alcohol level of traffic accidents victims / Correlação entre gravidade e alcoolemia de vítimas de acidentes de trânsito

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the correlation between blood alcohol levels and the severity of injuries assessed by the Injury Severity Score (ISS) in patients who were victims of traffic accidents admitted to the Hospital das Clínicas of the Faculty of Medicine of the University of São Paulo (HCFMUSP). Methods: Cross-sectional study carried out between July 2018 and June 2019, at the Central Emergency Room of the Hospital das Clínicas of the Faculty of Medicine of the University of São Paulo (PSC-HCFMUSP). A total of 172 hospitalized patients victims of traffic accidents were included in this study. Blood samples were analyzed by the FMUSP Toxicology Laboratory. Results: 36 patients (20.9%) had positive BAC (≥ 0.2 g/L) with a mean of 1.21 g/L. Overall, patients had a mean age of 37.2 years old, and 136 (79.1%) were men. The ISS of the total casuistry was 15.6; regarding the external cause, the motorcycle was ranked first with 100 cases (58.1%), and drivers were the majority with 57.4% of the sample. Conclusion: There was no correlation between the severity of the injuries and the blood alcohol levels of traffic accident victims admitted to a reference hospital. Level of Evidence II, Cross-Sectional Study.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a correlação entre a alcoolemia e a gravidade das lesões avaliadas pelo Índice de Gravidade da Lesão ( Injury Severity Score* - ISS) em vítimas de acidentes de trânsito internadas no Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HC-FMUSP).* Método: Estudo transversal realizado entre julho de 2018 e junho de 2019, no Pronto Socorro Central do HC-FMUSP. Foram incluídas 172 vítimas de acidentes de trânsito. Amostras de sangue foram analisadas pelo Laboratório de Toxicologia da FMUSP. Resultados: 36 pacientes (20,9%) apresentaram alcoolemia positiva (≥ 0,2 g/L), com valor médio de 1,21 g/L. No geral, os pacientes tinham uma idade média de 37,2 anos, e 136 (79,1%) eram homens. O ISS da casuística total foi 15,6; quanto à causa externa, a motocicleta ficou em primeiro lugar com 100 casos (58,1%); e os condutores foram prevalentes entre as vítimas (57,4%). Conclusão: Não houve correlação entre a gravidade das lesões e a alcoolemia das vítimas de acidente de trânsito internadas em um hospital de referência. Nível de Evidência II, Estudo de Corte Transversal.

Impact of the covid-19 pandemic on elective knee surgeries in athletes / Impacto da pandemia de covid-19 nas cirurgias de joelho eletivas em atletas

ABSTRACT With the COVID-19 pandemic, elective orthopedic surgeries were interrupted in most healthcare services. This leads to impacts on the quality of life, as well as on the emotional, professional, and financial situation of patient athletes who had their surgical treatment postponed. Objective: To evaluate clinical, emotional, and professional impacts on athletes who had their knee surgery postponed. Methods: This study included 21 patients who were diagnosed with knee injuries and were on a surgical waiting list. Participants answered a questionnaire with socioeconomic questions, activity level (amateur/professional), diagnosis, proposed surgery, and questions about anxiety regarding the postponement and uncertainty of performing the surgery, worsening symptoms, and psychological status in general. Results: The most prevalent diagnosis was anterior cruciate ligament injury (81%). Moreover, 42.9% of patients reported being highly anxious about the date of surgery, with 23.8% being highly anxious about the uncertainty of surgery. There was a direct positive correlation (r = 0.418), indicating a higher level of anxiety in patients who faced greater financial impact. Conclusion: The indefinite postponement of surgeries had a great impact on anxiety levels and surgery uncertainty of patients awaiting surgery. Level of Evidence III, Transversal Study.

RESUMO Com a pandemia de COVID-19, as cirurgias ortopédicas eletivas foram interrompidas na maioria dos serviços de saúde. Isso acarretou impacto emocional, profissional, financeiro e na qualidade de vida de atletas que tiveram seu tratamento cirúrgico adiado. Objetivo: Avaliar esse impacto clínico, emocional e profissional em atletas que tiveram suas cirurgias de joelho postergadas. Métodos: Foram selecionados 21 pacientes com diagnóstico de lesão do joelho que estavam aguardando intervenção cirúrgica. Eles responderam um questionário sobre sua situação socioeconômica, nível de atividade (amador/profissional), diagnóstico, cirurgia proposta, ansiedade em relação ao adiamento e incerteza da realização da cirurgia, piora dos sintomas e quadro psicológico de modo geral. Resultados: O diagnóstico mais prevalente foi a lesão do ligamento cruzado anterior (81%). Dos pacientes, 42,9% relataram estar muito ansiosos sobre a data da cirurgia, e 23,8% muito ansiosos quanto à incerteza da cirurgia. Houve correlação positiva direta (r = 0,418) que indicou maior nível de ansiedade nos pacientes conforme o aumento do impacto financeiro. Conclusão: A suspensão indeterminada das cirurgias gerou um grande impacto, com ansiedade e incerteza dos pacientes que estavam aguardando suas cirurgias. Nível de Evidência III, Estudo Transversal.