ABSTRACT
We described the feeding habits of Colomesus asellus from riverbanks of the upper-middleTocantins River, Central Brazil. Two sampling expeditions were carried out in August (dry season) and inOctober (rainy season) of 2013, downstream from the Lajeado Hydroelectric Power Plant, Tocantins state.The diet of C. asellus was characterized and compared between juveniles and adults and betweenindividuals captured in the dry season and in the rainy season. Individuals exhibited marked temporalsegregation, with a predominance of adults on the riverbanks during the dry season and the predominanceof juveniles in the rainy season. The diet of this species was based on diverse benthic prey, mostlyEphemeroptera nymphs (Insecta). Contrary to our expectations, the diet composition of C. asellus was notinfluenced by seasonal changes or ontogenetic factors, but the size of individuals determined the numberof prey consumed. Thus, C. asellus can be classified in its trophic ecology as an insectivore without relationwith fish size and seasonality.
Descrevemos os hábitos alimentares de Colomesus asellus capturados nas margens do rioTocantins, Brasil Central. Duas expedições de coleta foram realizadas em agosto (estação seca) e emoutubro (estação chuvosa) de 2013, a jusante da Usina Hidrelétrica de Lajeado, Estado do Tocantins. Adieta de C. asellus foi caracterizada e comparada entre juvenis e adultos e entre indivíduos capturados naestação seca e na estação chuvosa. Os indivíduos apresentaram marcada segregação temporal, compredominância de adultos nas margens do rio durante a estação seca e predominância de juvenis na estaçãochuvosa. A dieta desta espécie foi baseada em diversas presas bentônicas, principalmente ninfas deEphemeroptera (Insecta). Contrariamente às nossas expectativas, a composição da dieta de C. asellus não foiinfluenciada por mudanças sazonais ou fatores ontogenéticos, mas o tamanho dos indivíduos determinou onúmero de presas consumidas. Assim, a espécie pode ser classificada como insetívora, sem variação em suaecologia trófica relacionada à sazonalidade do ambiente ou ao seu tamanho.
Subject(s)
Animals , Feeding Behavior , Tetraodontiformes/genetics , Tetraodontiformes/metabolism , SeasonsABSTRACT
In order to examine the prevalence of Cryptosporidium infection in wild rodents and insectivores of South Korea and to assess their potential role as a source of human cryptosporidiosis, a total of 199 wild rodents and insectivore specimens were collected from 10 regions of South Korea and screened for Cryptosporidium infection over a period of 2 years (2012-2013). A nested-PCR amplification of Cryptosporidium oocyst wall protein (COWP) gene fragment revealed an overall prevalence of 34.2% (68/199). The sequence analysis of 18S rRNA gene locus of Cryptosporidium was performed from the fecal and cecum samples that tested positive by COWP amplification PCR. As a result, we identified 4 species/genotypes; chipmunk genotype I, cervine genotype I, C. muris, and a new genotype which is closely related to the bear genotype. The new genotype isolated from 12 Apodemus agrarius and 2 Apodemus chejuensis was not previously identified as known species or genotype, and therefore, it is supposed to be a novel genotype. In addition, the host spectrum of Cryptosporidium was extended to A. agrarius and Crosidura lasiura, which had not been reported before. In this study, we found that the Korean wild rodents and insectivores were infected with various Cryptosporidium spp. with large intra-genotypic variationa, indicating that they may function as potential reservoirs transmitting zoonotic Cryptosporidium to livestock and humans.