ABSTRACT
Background: Vacuum extraction and forceps are the two options when an instrument is needed to facilitate a vaginal birth. Vacuum extraction has recently gained popularity because of new designs of vacuum cups with reduced risk of injury to the neonate. Vacuum extraction is one of the evidence-based interventions that can prevent complications by shortening the second stage of labour. The present study has been carried out to evaluate the maternal and neonatal morbidity, mortality and failure associated with vacuum assisted vaginal deliveries, at a Government tertiary care hospital in Mandya, Karnataka, India.Methods: The study was a record-based study including a total of 207 women who underwent vaginal assisted delivery in the form of vacuum assisted deliveries in a period of 6 months from January 2019 to June 2019 at the Government tertiary care hospital in Mandya, Karnataka, India. Records of women who had vacuum assisted deliveries and records of their newborn children were accessed.Results: In our study 41.5% of the subjects were in the age group of 21-25 years. Nearly 3/4th (74.4%) of the subjects were primigravida. More than half (54.1%) of the study subjects had to be put under vacuum assisted techniques for delivery because of the prolonged second stage of labour, failure rate was 0.4%. Out of 207 vacuum assisted deliveries maternal complication rate was 8.21%, 17.3% neonates had NICU admission and 14.97% had perinatal complications.Conclusions: Vacuum assisted vaginal delivery is comparatively a better choice in preventing the complications caused due to prolonged second stage of labour thus reducing the cesareans rate. It is a safe alternative to cesareans delivery in rightly chosen case. Vacuum assisted delivery by a skilled person and a proper technique is associated with lesser maternal and neonatal morbidity.
ABSTRACT
Resumen OBJETIVO: Estimar la prevalencia de desgarro perineal en pacientes a quienes se aplicó vacuum e identificar los factores de riesgo de lesión del esfínter anal. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio descriptivo, transversal, retrospectivo y observacional. Se seleccionaron todos los partos en los que se aplicó vacuum del total de partos instrumentados en un hospital de segundo nivel de la Ciudad de México. Se incluyeron mujeres con embarazo de término, únicos y de evolución normal. Las lesiones perineales se clasificaron según la OMS. Se calcularon la prevalencia y el intervalo de confianza. Las variables se describen mediante medias y desviaciones estándar o frecuencias absolutas y relativas. Los desgarros se compararon con χ22 y los valores con significación estadística fueron los de p < 0.05. RESULTADOS: Se estudiaron 74 partos instrumentados en 708 partos totales, de los que 70 de 74 fueron con vacuum. En relación solo con estos últimos, los desgarros más prevalentes fueron de primer y segundo grado con valores de 40.0% (IC95%: 29-51) y 38.6% (IC95%: 27-50), respectivamente. No se identificaron factores de riesgo asociados con desgarros perineales severos. CONCLUSIONES: La prevalencia en la población estudiada fue similar a la de países industrializados y los desgarros moderados fueron los de mayor prevalencia.
Abstract OBJECTIVES: To estimate the prevalence of perineal tears in patients which delivery was instrumented by vacuum and to identify the risk factors that lead to a tear in the anal sphincter. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective and observational study. All vacuum deliveries were selected among the instrumental deliveries of the population in a secondary care hospital in Mexico City. The inclusion criteria were women who delivered vaginally at term with sole and normoevolutive pregnancies. The perineal tears were classified according to WHO. The statistical analysis included the estimation of prevalences with their corresponding confidence intervals. Variables were described by means and standard deviations or absolute and relative frequencies. Tears were compared using χ2 tests considering a statistical significance of p < 0.05. RESULTS: The number of instrumented deliveries was 74 out of 708 cases of total deliveries, those with vacuum were 70 out of 74. Considering the instrumented deliveries with vacuum, the most prevalent tears were those of first and second degree with values of 40.0% (CI 29-51) and 38.6% (CI 27-50) respectively. There were not associated risk factors to severe perineal tears. CONCLUSIONS: Prevalence in the studied population was similar to developed countries and moderate tears are the most prevalent.
ABSTRACT
Background: The use of routine episiotomy is now less favoured among obstetricians. Given considerable evidence, it use increases maternal morbidity without evidence to support maternal or neonatal benefit. Objectives: To determine the current rate of episiotomy among parturients delivering at Federal Medical Centre, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria and to identify factors associated with episiotomy. Methods: The retrospective study was conducted using the delivery records between 1st January 2012 and 31st December 2012. Information was obtained from the delivery register and medical records. There were 802 booked patients who had singleton vaginal deliveries between the studied periods. A total of 728 of these patients’ case records were obtained for analysis using SPSS 17. Results: The incidence of episiotomy was 9.3%. Those age <20 years, nulliparous, those who had assisted breech and instrumental deliveries had more episiotomy (P <0.0001). All the instrumental deliveries and most assisted breech deliveries (67%) were taken by the doctors. Episiotomies were more common when doctors took deliveries (Doctor vs. Nurses: 28.6% vs. 5.8%) (P <0.0001). Conclusion: While this study has identified factors associated with episiotomy, the episiotomy rate remain within normal rate at the studied centre. It is pertinent that health care providers always bear in mind the standard indications for episiotomy. This will go a long way in reducing the episiotomy rate and maintaining the recommended WHO rate of 10%.