Awareness rate of PCV13 and influencing factors of vaccination intention among parents of infants and young children in Huangpu District , Shanghai / 公共卫生与预防医学

Objective To understand the awareness rate and willingness of parents of school-age infants and young children in Huangpu District, Shanghai to receive the 13 valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) and its influencing factors, and to provide basic data for formulating community health education policies. Methods A stratified random sampling method was used to conduct a full coverage questionnaire survey on the PVC13 awareness rate and vaccination willingness of 1030 parents of infants and young children in 10 communities. Results A total of 1000 questionnaire surveys were completed, with an accurate response rate of 97.08%. The awareness rate of PCV13 was 85.50%, and the awareness rate of complications was less than 80%. The PCV13 vaccination rate was 55.60%. 38.74% of the reasons for not being vaccinated were concerned about vaccine side effects, and 32.21% were concerned about vaccine quality. The higher the education level of parents and the per capita annual income of the family, the higher the awareness rate of pneumococcal vaccine knowledge and the willingness to receive vaccination. Parents with registered residence in other places had low willingness to vaccinate PCV13. Conclusion The public has a higher awareness of PCV13 and a higher willingness to receive vaccination. It is necessary to strengthen the scientific popularization of complications of pneumococcal pneumonia and vaccine safety, strengthen vaccine safety supervision and disclosure of regulatory results, and strengthen PCV13 science popularization for parents of infants and young children with registered residence outside the city.

Qualitative Study on the Cognition Status of Organ Donors’ Family Members to Advance Care Planning / 中国医学伦理学

Discussing the cognition, attitude and influencing factors of the family members of organ donors towards advance care planning (ACP) to provide a basis for the further promotion of ACP in the field of organ donation. Using qualitative research methods, 8 family members of organ donors were selected purposefully for semi-structured interviews, and the 7-step of Colaizzi was used to analyze and summarize the themes of the interview data. The results showed that the cognition status of the family members of organ donors of ACP could be summarized into 3 themes: problems faced by ACP implementation, positive recognition of the implementation of ACP, factors affecting the promotion of ACP. Organ donors’ family members are unfamiliar with the concept of ACP and have unclear cognition, but think that the implementation of ACP is of positive significance. It is suggested to further strengthen the publicity of ACP, medical autonomy, death education, so as to promote the development of ACP and improve the willing to donate organ.

Exclusive breastfeeding intention among pregnant women and associated variables: a cross-sectional study in a Brazilian community / Intenção de amamentar entre gestantes e variáveis associadas: estudo transversal em uma comunidade brasileira

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) intention and associated variables among women in the third trimester of pregnancy. Methods: The data were collected with a questionnaire for the pregnant women (n=653), from December/2018 to November/2019. They answered the Infant Feeding Intentions (IFI) scale, translated and adapted to Brazilian Portuguese, and a questionnaire on sociodemographic, biological, family, pregnancy, breastfeeding, health care, and habits variables. Descriptive statistics and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed with a 5% significance level, following a multilevel hierarchical model that estimated the association between the dependent and independent variables. The outcome EBF intention measured by the IFI score was dichotomized by the median (<16 or =16). Results: Mean±standard deviation score for the IFI scale was 14.4±2.6 (score 0: very strong intention to not breastfeed at all; score 16: very strong EBF intention up to six months). The results from the regression analysis showed that pregnant women who had no intention to bottle feed (OR=4.33; 95%CI 2.79-6.72) or did not know (OR=1.85; 95%CI 1.21-2.82), those who planned the pregnancy (OR=1.52; 95%CI 1.09-2.12), those who believed they would have help to care for the baby (OR=3.60; 95%CI 1.51-8.56) or did not know (OR=3.97; 95%CI 1.26-12.51), and those who reported knowing the World Health Organization recommendations on breastfeeding (OR=1.73; 95%CI 1.13-2.64) were more likely to show a very strong EBF intention. Conclusions: Pregnant women in the third trimester of pregnancy presented a strong EBF intention. The higher EBF intention score was significantly associated with the structural, setting, and individual determinants.

RESUMO Objetivo: Investigar a intenção materna de amamentar exclusivamente (IMA) e variáveis associadas entre as mulheres no terceiro trimestre de gravidez. Métodos: A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de entrevista e questionário semiestruturado e autoadministrado, entre dezembro/2018 e novembro/2019. As gestantes (n=653) responderam à escala Infant Feeding Intentions (IFI) testada, traduzida e adaptada para o português do Brasil e ao questionário contendo perguntas sobre variáveis sociodemográficas, biológicas e familiares, bem como relacionadas à gestação, ao aleitamento materno, à assistência à saúde e a hábitos. Foram realizadas análises estatísticas descritivas e de regressão logística múltipla hierarquizada, com nível de significância de 5%, para estimar a associação entre as variáveis independentes e o desfecho. A IMA, medida pela escala IFI, foi dicotomizada pela mediana (<16 ou =16). Resultados: A pontuação média±desvio padrão para a escala IFI foi de 14,4±2,6. Os resultados da análise de regressão mostraram que as gestantes que não tinham intenção de oferecer mamadeira (OR=4,33; IC95% 2,79-6,72) ou não sabiam (OR=1,85; IC95% 1,21-2,82), que planejaram a gestação (OR=1,52; IC95% 1,09-2,12), aquelas que acreditavam que teriam ajuda nos cuidados com o bebê (OR=3,60; IC95% 1,51-8,56) ou que não sabiam (OR=3,97; IC95% 1,26-12,51), bem como aquelas que relataram conhecer as recomendações da Organização Mundial de Saúde sobre amamentação (OR=1,73; IC95% 1.13-2.64) tinham mais chances de mostrar uma IMA muito forte. Conclusões: As gestantes no terceiro trimestre de gestação apresentaram forte IMA. A maior IMA esteve significativamente associada aos determinantes estruturais, contextuais e individuais.

Personas salvadoreñas refugiadas y solicitantes en Costa Rica: satisfacción residencial e intención de permanencia / Salvadoran refugees and asylum seekers in Costa Rica: residential satisfaction and intention to Remain

Resumen Objetivos. El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar la relación entre la satisfacción residencial y la intención de permanencia en Costa Rica de la población salvadoreña refugiada y solicitante de refugio en el cantón de San José. Método. La muestra se basó en una población de 41 personas, con un promedio de edad de 38 años. A 33 personas se les administró un cuestionario de satisfacción residencial e intención de permanencia, basado en García y Arends (2012) y en Aragonés y Corraliza (1992). Finalmente, 8 personas participaron en un grupo focal. Resultados. La intención de permanencia tiene relación con la búsqueda constante de seguridad en el vecindario. Mientras más seguridad se experimenta, mayor es la intención de permanecer. Las personas buscan además mejorar sus barrios, en términos de seguridad, organización y protección comunitarias.

Abstract Objectives. The objective was to analyze the relationship between residential satisfaction and the intention to remain in Costa Rica among Salvadoran refugees and asylum seekers population, from the San José canton. Method. The sample was based on 41 refugees and asylum seekers; their mean age was 38 years. 33 people were administered a residential satisfaction and intention to remain questionnaire, based on García and Arends (2012), and Aragonés and Corraliza (1992). Finally, 8 people were involved in a focus group. Results. The intention to remain is related to the constant search for security in the neighborhood. The more security one experiences, the greater is the intention to remain. People also seek to improve their neighborhoods, in terms of security, community organization and community protection.

Intenção de abandono profissional em professores de acordo com níveis de ensino / Intention of Professional Abandonment in Teachers according to Education Levels

Resumo. Objetivo. Identificar os preditores sociodemográficos, laborais, estressores psicossociais, foco regulatório para a obtenção das metas no trabalho, trabalho emocional e a síndrome de burnout para a intenção de abandono profissional em professores brasileiros de acordo com os cinco níveis de ensino: Infantil, Fundamental, Médio, Graduação e Pós-graduação. Método. Utilizou-se uma amostra não probabilística de 1284 professores brasileiros distribuídos em cinco níveis de ensino que responderam a um instrumento on-line que continha cinco seções: questionário de dados sociodemográficos e laborais, Cuestionario para la Evaluación del Síndrome de Quemarse por el Trabajo, Escala Geral de Focus Regulatório, Escala de Emoções no Trabalho e a Escala de Avaliação de Estressores Psicossociais no Contexto Laboral. Resultados. Os resultados obtidos por meio da análise de regressão linear múltipla revelaram preditores diferenciados de acordo com os níveis de ensino. As variáveis que explicaram os modelos foram maiores índices de síndrome de burnout, pressão pela responsabilidade, conflito e ambiguidade de papel, sobrecarga de papéis, insegurança na carreira, variabilidade emocional, maior formação acadêmica e remuneração e menores índices de satisfação com a vida, menor tempo de trabalho e idade, não ter outra atividade profissional e trabalhar em instituição privada. A síndrome de burnout foi preditora em todos os níveis.

Abstract. Objective. To identify the sociodemographic, work predictors, psychosocial stressors, regulatory focus to achieve goals at work, and emotional labor for professional abandonment intention in Brazilian teachers according to the five levels of education: kindergarten, elementary, secondary, undergraduate, and postgraduate. Method. A non-probabilistic sample of 1,284 Brazilian teachers distributed across five levels of education was used, who responded to an online instrument that contained five sections: sociodemographic and labor data questionnaire, Burnout questionnaire, General Regulatory Focus Scale, Emotions Labor Scale and the Psychosocial Stressors Assessment Scale in the Work Context. Results. The results obtained through multiple linear regression analyses revealed different predictors according to educational levels. The variables that explained the models were higher rates of burnout syndrome, pressure for responsibility, role conflict and ambiguity, role overload, career insecurity, emotional variability, higher academic training and remuneration and lower rates of satisfaction with life, lower length of work and age, not having another professional activity, and working in a private institution. Burnout syndrome was a predictor at all levels.

Intención de consumo de alcohol en adolescentes que cursan estudios en la enseñanza técnica profesional

Introducción: El consumo excesivo de bebidas alcohólicas por los adolescentes, constituye un problema de salud emergente, cuya solución ha devenido en prioridad mundial. El determinante inmediato para la ejecución de una conducta es la intención del individuo, por lo que es un momento preciso para aplicar acciones preventivas. Objetivos: Explorar la intención de consumo de alcohol y su relación con variables sociodemográficas y de consumo. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal, con 143 adolescentes entre 15 y 18 años de edad, seleccionados mediante un muestreo aleatorio simple. Se les aplicó el cuestionario de intención de uso de alcohol. Resultados: El 84,6 % de los adolescentes había consumido alcohol; el 45,5 % tenía 18 años de edad y el 57,9 % eran varones. La edad de inicio del consumo fue de 15 años para el 41,3 %. El puntaje medio en la escala actitud fue mayor, de forma significativa, en los consumidores (p= 0,000). La actitud es la dimensión que más contribuyó a la iniciación en el consumo de alcohol (Wald= 14,56; p= 0,000). Conclusiones: Los adolescentes se caracterizan por ser en su mayoría consumidores de bebidas alcohólicas, con predominio del sexo masculino y una edad promedio de inicio del consumo de 15 años. La variable fundamental favorecedora de la intención de consumo de alcohol es la actitud positiva hacia el consumo, frecuentemente reforzada en el ambiente social y familiar.

Introduction: Excessive consumption of alcoholic beverages by adolescents, constitutes an emerging health problem, whose solution has become a global priority. The immediate determinant for the execution of a behavior is the intention of the individual, so it is a precise moment to apply preventive actions. Objectives: To explore the intention to consume alcohol and its relationship with sociodemographic and consumption variables. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out with 143 adolescents between 15 and 18 years of age, selected by simple random sampling. They were administered the alcohol use intention questionnaire. Results: 84.6% of the adolescents had consumed alcohol; 45.5% were 18 years old and 57.9% were male. The age of onset of consumption was 15 years for 41.3%. The mean score on the attitude scale was significantly higher in consumers (p= 0.000). Attitude is the dimension that contributed most to the initiation of alcohol consumption (Wald= 14.56; p= 0.000). Conclusions: Adolescents are characterized by being mostly consumers of alcoholic beverages, with a predominance of male sex and an average age of onset of consumption of 15 years. The fundamental variable favoring the intention to consume alcohol is the positive attitude towards consumption, frequently reinforced in the social and family environment.

Psychometric properties of the Entrepreneurial Intention Questionnaire (EIQ) in Dominican Republic adolescents

Introduction: This work represents the first attempt to obtain evidence of the validity of an entrepreneurial intention questionnaire in the adolescent population of a Latin American or Caribbean country. The objectives are to study the factor structure, the reliability, the external validity and to test the gender invariance of the Entrepreneurial Intention Questionnaire, in its adaptation for adolescents. Method: The sample consisted of 708 adolescents from the Dominican Republic with a mean age of 15.49, 65.2% of whom were women and 35.8% were men. Analyses included confirmatory factor analysis, Cronbach's Alpha and Omega scores for reliability, correlations, and a gender invariance routine. Finally, latent means of females and males are compared. Results: The confirmatory factor analysis showed a good fit to the data and the reliability results were adequate. In addition, the correlations with the Entrepreneurial Attitudes Scale for Students were positive and statistically significant. Also, strict gender invariance was successfully verified. Although males presented a higher subjective norm, females showed higher entrepreneurial intentions. Conclusions: The Entrepreneurial Intention Questionnaire shows adequate psychometric properties and proves useful in conducting research on the promotion of entrepreneurship in early stages.

Introducción: Este trabajo supone el primer intento de obtener evidencias de validez de un cuestionario de intención emprendedora en adolescentes en un país de Latinoamérica y el Caribe. Tiene como objetivos reportar la estructura interna, fiabilidad, validez externa y probar la invarianza de género del Cuestionario de Intención Emprendedora en su adaptación para adolescentes. Método: La muestra está formada por 708 adolescentes de República Dominicana con una media edad de 15.49, un 65.2% de mujeres y un 35.8% hombres. Los análisis incluyeron análisis factorial confirmatorio, resultados de Alfa de Cronbach y Omega para la fiabilidad, correlaciones y una rutina de invarianza por género. Finalmente se compararon las medias latentes de hombres y mujeres. Resultados: El análisis factorial mostró un buen ajuste a los datos y los resultados de fiabilidad fueron adecuados. Además, las correlaciones con la Escala de Actitudes Emprendedoras para Estudiantes fueron positivas y estadísticamente significativas. También, se comprobó satisfactoriamente la invarianza estricta por género. Aunque los hombres presentaron mayor norma subjetiva, las mujeres mostraron una mayor intención emprendedora. Conclusiones: El Cuestionario de Intención Emprendedora muestra adecuadas propiedades psicométricas para que sea de utilidad en las investigaciones sobre la promoción del emprendimiento en etapas tempranas.

Resiliencia académica, rendimiento e intención de abandono en estudiantes universitarios de Quito / Academic resilience, performance and intention to drop out in university students in Quito / Resiliência académica, desempenho e intenção de desistir entre os estudantes universitários em Quito

(analítico) La resiliencia académica es la capacidad para responder adaptativamente a las adversidades del proceso educativo y superarlas exitosamente. Este estudio explora los efectos de la resiliencia académica en una muestra de estudiantes de psicología (N = 550) de Quito, Ecuador. Los resultados de los análisis de regresión evidencian que la resiliencia se relaciona positivamente con el rendimiento académico y negativamente con la intención de abandonar los estudios universitarios. Respecto a las dimensiones de resiliencia académica (perseverancia, reflexión y búsqueda adaptativa de ayuda, así como afecto negativo y respuesta emocional), estas presentan un patrón de influencia diferenciado sobre el rendimiento y la intención de abandono. Asimismo, los efectos favorables de la resiliencia son mayores para los estudiantes que cursan niveles iniciales de carrera y se reducen en los estudiantes de niveles superiores.

(analytical) Academic resilience is the individual ability to respond adaptively to the adversities of the educational process and overcome them successfully. This study explores the effects of academic resilience in a sample of Psychology students (N=550) from Quito-Ecuador. The results of regression analyses show that resilience is positively related to academic performance and negatively related to the intention to drop out of university studies. Regarding the dimensions of academic resilience: a) perseverance, b) reflecting and adaptive help-seeking, and c) negative affect and emotional response, these present a pattern of differentiated influence on performance and dropout intention. Likewise, the favorable effects of resilience are greater for students at initial levels of career, and are reduced for students at higher levels.

(analítico) A resiliência acadêmica é a capacidade de responder de forma adaptativa às adversidades do processo educacional e superálas com sucesso. Este estudo explora os efeitos da resiliência acadêmica em uma amostra de estudantes de psicologia (N=550) de Quito-Equador. Os resultados das análises de regressão mostram que a resiliência está positivamente relacionada ao desempenho acadêmico e negativamente relacionada à intenção de abandonar os estudos universitários. Relativamente às dimensões da resiliência académica: a) perseverança, b) reflexão e procura adaptativa de ajuda, e c) afeto negativo e resposta emocional, apresentam um padrão diferenciado de influência no desempenho e na intenção de abandono. Da mesma forma, os efeitos favoráveis da resiliência são maiores para alunos que cursam níveis iniciais do curso e são reduzidos em alunos de níveis superiores.

Actitudes hacia el aborto deseado en estudiantes de ciencias de la salud chilenos / Attitudes towards wanted abortion among Chilean health sciences students

Introducción: La interrupción del embarazo mediando principalmente la voluntad de la mujer, es decir, cuando una mujer desea abortar para terminar su embarazo por cualquier razón, es un procedimiento controversial. Las actitudes individuales de los profesionales de la salud hacia este procedimiento influirían sobre la aceptación o el rechazo de realizarlo y, por ende, afectarían su acceso en el sistema de salud. Objetivo: Relacionar actitudes hacia la interrupción del embarazo con características sociodemográficas y académicas de estudiantes chilenos de enfermería, medicina y obstetricia y puericultura. Método: Estudio cuantitativo con diseño observacional, transversal y descriptivo. Reclutamos estudiantes universitarios con un muestreo no probabilístico. Recolectamos datos mediante cuestionarios virtuales autoadministrados. Preguntamos por la intención de realizar o asistir un aborto médico o quirúrgico frente a 15 escenarios distintos y creamos un índice con estas respuestas. Calculamos estadísticas descriptivas básicas y creamos modelos de regresión lineal. Consideramos significancia estadística si p < 0,05. Resultados: Participaron 229, 306 y 233 estudiantes de enfermería, medicina y obstetricia y puericultura, respectivamente (en total, 768). En el modelo de regresión lineal múltiple, declararse cristiano (β = −0,248) y afirmar que la religión es muy o totalmente importante en la vida (β = −0,269) se asociaron más fuertemente y de manera inversa y significativa con el índice de intención de realizar o asistir un aborto médico o quirúrgico. Conclusiones: La religión es un factor que influiría decisivamente sobre las actitudes hacia la interrupción del embarazo. Los escenarios más positivamente valorados podrían explicarse considerando que las leyes reflejarían los valores predominantes de una sociedad.

Introduction: Termination of pregnancy mediated primarily by the womans will, i.e., when a woman wishes to have an abortion to terminate her pregnancy for any reason, is a controversial procedure. The individual attitudes of health professionals towards this procedure would affect the degree of acceptance or rejection of performing this procedure and, therefore, would affect its accessibility in the health system. Objective: To relate attitudes towards abortion with sociodemographic and academic characteristics of Chilean nursing, medicine and midwifery students. Method: Quantitative study with observational, cross-sectional and descriptive design. We recruited university students with non-probabilistic sampling. We collected data through self-administered virtual questionnaires. We asked about the intention to perform an abortion in 15 different scenarios and created an index with these responses. We calculated basic descriptive statistics and created linear regression models. We considered statistical significance if p < 0.05. Results: 229, 306 and 233 students from nursing, medicine and midwifery participated, respectively (total: 768). In the multiple linear regression model, declaring oneself a Christian (β = −0.248) and stating that religion is very or totally important in life (β = −0.269) were inversely and significantly associated with the index of intention to perform an abortion. Conclusions: Religion is a factor that would decisively influence attitudes toward termination of pregnancy. The more positively valued scenarios could be explained by considering that laws would reflect the predominant values of a society.

Impacto de las Creencias Conspirativas en la Intención de Vacunación contra el COVID-19 en Adultos Mexicanos / Impact of Conspiracy beliefs on the Intention to Vaccinate against COVID-19 in Mexican Adults

Resumen Pese a los esfuerzos de las autoridades sanitarias, la presencia de información falsa o poco certera ha provocado que un porcentaje de la población mexicana se encuentra reticente a recibir la vacuna contra el COVID-19. De este modo el objetivo del presente estudio es determinar en adultos mexicanos el rol mediador de las creencias negativas sobre la vacuna y la percepción de riesgo en la relación de las creencias conspirativas y la intención de vacunación contra el COVID-19. Se realizó un estudio transversal en el que se aplicaron las escalas mediante una plataforma en línea. Las hipótesis fueron probadas mediante la técnica multivariada de análisis de senderos. Los resultados indican que las creencias conspirativas predijeron directamente menor intención de vacunación, asimismo, esta relación se encuentra parcialmente mediada por las creencias negativas sobre la vacuna y la percepción de riesgo. Los hallazgos sugieren que la adhesión a creencias conspirativas sobre el origen del CO-VID-19 favorecen el desarrollo de temor a los efectos secundarios de la vacuna y la reducción de la percepción de riesgo, convirtiéndose así, en la principal barrera de la intención de vacunación contra el COVID-19.

Abstract Despite the efforts of the health authorities, the presence of false or inaccurate information has caused a percentage of the Mexican population to be reluctant to receive the COVID-19 vaccine. Thus, the objective of the present study is to determine in Mexican adults the mediating role of negative beliefs about the vaccine and the perception of risk in the relationship between conspiracy beliefs and the intention to vaccinate against COVID-19. A cross-sectional study was carried out in which the scales were applied through an online platform. The hypotheses were tested using the multivariate trail analysis technique. The results indicate that conspiratorial beliefs directly predicted less vaccination intention, likewise, this relationship is partially mediated by negative beliefs about the vaccine and the perception of risk. The findings suggest that adherence to conspiracy beliefs about the origin of COVID-19 favor the development of fear of vaccine side effects and reduced risk perception, thus becoming the main barrier to vaccination intention against the COVID-19.

Intención de estudiar una especialidad médica: El caso de la Universidad Católica del Norte, Chile

Antecedentes: La decisión de estudiar una especialidad médica implica considerar una serie de factores personales, familiares y profesionales, y actualmente en Chile se dispone de muy poca información acerca de esto. Objetivo: Determinar los factores que explican la intención por estudiar una especialidad médica en estudiantes de medicina. Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó una encuesta a estudiantes de medicina con un total de 266 respuestas válidas (58,7% de tasa de respuesta). El instrumento midió la intención, la actitud, las normas subjetivas y la autopercepción de capacidades hacia el estudio de una especialidad médica. Dicho instrumento fue verificado en cuanto a su confiabilidad y validez. Para la estimación del modelo se usó la técnica de ecuaciones estructurales (SEM) a través de mínimos cuadrados parciales (SEM-PLS). Resultados: El coeficiente Alpha de Cronbach, la fiabilidad compuesta, el indicador Dijkstra-Hernseler's y las cargas de cada ítem mostraron valores adecuados. Respecto del modelo estructural, el test de efecto tamaño indicó que dos de los tres constructos son relevantes para explicar la intención. Las pruebas por bootstrapping mostraron la relevancia predictiva del modelo. Globalmente, el ajuste global del modelo fue adecuado. Conclusiones: El factor que más influye en la intención de los estudiantes por continuar hacia una especialidad médica es la actitud personal, seguido por el control percibido de la conducta, y por último por los ingresos futuros esperados.

Background: The decision to study a medical specialty involves considering several personal, family, and professional factors, and currently, in Chile, there needs to be more information about this. Objective: To determine the factors that explain the intention to study a medical specialty in medical students. Materials and Methods: A survey of medical students was conducted with 266 valid responses (58.7% response rate). The instrument measured the intention, attitude, subjective norms, and self-perception of abilities toward studying a medical specialty. This instrument was verified for its reliability and validity. We used the Structural Equations Model (SEM) through partial least squares (SEM-PLS) to estimate the whole model. Results: Cronbach's Alpha coefficient, composite reliability, and Dijkstra-Hernseler's indicator of each item showed adequate values. Regarding the structural model, the size effect test indicated that two of the three constructs are relevant to explaining the intention. Bootstrapping tests showed the predictive relevance of the model. The overall fit of the model was adequate. Conclusions: The factor that most influence students' intention to continue towards a medical specialty is personal attitude, followed by perceived control of behavior, and finally by expected future income.

Trajetórias afetivo-sexuais de adolescentes em situação de pobreza e suas decisões-ações intencionais para engravidar / Affective-sexual trajectories of adolescents in poverty and their intentional decisions-actions to become pregnant / Trayectorias afectivo-sexuales de adolescentes en situación de pobreza y sus decisiones-acciones intencionales para conseguir embarazar

Objetivo: entender como eventos relacionais, posições sobre métodos contraceptivos e negociações com o parceiro sobre ter o filho encontram-se implicados nos engravidamentos das participantes. Método: participaram dezesseis grávidas entre 15 e 19 anos, que intencionaram o evento, selecionadas em território de vulnerabilidade social de uma capital brasileira. Foram realizadas entrevistas presenciais, orientadas por temas, com o uso adicional dos recursos: autorretrato, mapa relacional, foto-elicitação e WhatsApp, considerando preceitos da Análise de Conteúdo Temática. Resultados: os engravidamentos mostraram-se intrincados à intenção de constituir uma família com filhos, à construção de trajetórias afetivo-sexuais direcionadas a esse desfecho, com contracepção secundária, e à decisão do ter filho pouco refletida e negociada com o par, caracterizada por pressão, imposição e transferência de responsabilidade, exercida por ambos. Conclusão:a abordagem, pelos profissionais de saúde, do engravidar de adolescentes requer considerar a influência nelas imbricada de aspectos de ordem subjetiva, relacional, agencial e social.

Objective: to understand how relational events, contraceptive positions and negotiations with the partner about having a child are implicated in the participants' pregnancies. Method: A total of 16 pregnant young women aged between 15 to 19 years who became pregnant intentionally, selected from a socially vulnerable territory in a Brazilian state capital, participated in the study. Face-to-face interviews guided by themes were conducted, with additional use of the self-portrait, relational map, photo-elicitation, and WhatsApp resources, considering Thematic Content Analysis concepts. Results: the pregnancies were intimately related to the intention of building a family with children, to the construction of affective-sexual trajectories directed at this outcome, with secondary contraception, and to the decision of having a child, little reflected and negotiated, characterized by pressure, imposition and transfer of responsibility, exercised by both. Conclusion:when discussing pregnancy during adolescence, health professionals must consider the subjective, relational, agency and social aspects imbricated in such choice.

Objetivo: entender cómo los hechos relacionales, las posturas sobre los métodos anticonceptivos y las negociaciones con la pareja sobre tener un hijo intervienen en el embarazo de las participantes. Método: participaron 16 embarazadas de entre 15 y 19 años de edad que pretendían el evento, seleccionadas en un territorio de vulnerabilidad social, en una capital brasileña. Se realizaron entrevistas cara a cara, guiadas por temas, con el uso adicional de recursos de autorretrato, mapa relacional, fotoelicitación y WhatsApp; y se consideraron los preceptos del Análisis de Contenido Temático. Resultados: destacan en sus embarazos la intención de constituir una familia con hijos, la construcción de trayectorias afectivo-sexuales encaminadas a ese desenlace, con anticoncepción secundaria, y la decisión de tener un hijo poco discutida y negociada con la pareja, caracterizada por la presión, la imposición y la transferencia de responsabilidad, ejercida por ambos. Conclusión:el abordaje del embarazo en adolescentes por parte de los profesionales de la salud requiere considerar la influencia imbricada de aspectos subjetivos, relacionales, de agencia y sociales

Green Products Purchase Intention in Chilean Consumers: Comparing Three Models Using Structural Equations / Intención de Compra de Productos Ecológicos en Consumidores Chilenos: Comparación de Tres Modelos por Ecuaciones Estructurales

Abstract The objective of this study was to compare three models: the theory of reasoned action (TRA), the theory of planned behavior (TPB), and its extended form (ETPB), to predict the intention of Chilean consumers for purchasing green products. Five hundred people were surveyed, establishing an inter-rater reliability analysis, and a discriminant, convergent and construct validity using three structural equation models (SEM). The results showed that the ETPB model is useful to explain the consumption behavior intention for green products based on a triple bottom line, whose main contribution is the indirect effect of EC on the model. The study found that of the three variables, PBC was the strongest predictor of purchase intention, followed by attitude. In conclusion, both the ETPB model and the green products purchase intention instrument contribute to broaden the studies about consumer behavior in sustainable marketing in Chile.

Resumen El objetivo del presente estudio fue comparar los modelos de teoría de acción razonada (TAR), teoría de comportamiento planificado (TCP) y su forma extendida (TCPE), para predecir la intención de compra de productos ecológicos en consumidores chilenos. Se encuestaron 500 personas y se estableció un análisis de fiabilidad interjuez, validez discriminante, convergente y de constructo a través de modelos de ecuaciones estructurales (SEM). Los resultados señalan que el modelo TCPE es útil para explicar la intención de comportamiento de consumo ante productos verdes con base en una triple línea de fondo, cuya principal contribución es el efecto indirecto de PA sobre el modelo. De las tres variables, se evidencia que el CCP era la predictora más fuerte de la intención de compra, seguida de la actitud. En conclusión, tanto el modelo TCPE como el instrumento de intención de compra de productos verdes contribuyen a la ampliación de estudios sobre el comportamiento del consumidor en marketing sustentable en Chile.

Knowledge, intention, and practice of wearing face mask by common people to ensure protection against COVID-19 during pandemic

Background: Since the outbreak of global pandemic, wearing face mask not only protects the individual but also limits the spread of corona virus infection in the community. However, certain sociocultural and personal factors have created hinderance in wearing face mask by general people against COVID-19 virus. Aims and Objectives: The aim and objective of this study is to assess the knowledge, intension, and practice of wearing face mask among common people. Materials and Methods: It was a cross-sectional study conducted among general people in a part of Western Odisha after ethical approval. A total of 1050 adults above 18 years participated in this study. The data were collected from different locality of the town using a pretested self-administered questionnaire by all authors and research assistants of this project. The period of study was from July 2021 to December 2021. The results were tabulated, processed, and analyzed using SPSS-20. Results: Regarding knowledge score, we observed that 57% had average, 18% had poor, and 25% had good knowledge. Furthermore, we found 42% participants had positive intention and 58% had negative intention. Again we assessed that 35% of participants were practicing face mask appropriately and 65% practicing inappropriately. Conclusion: In this study, the score of knowledge, intention, and also the practice of wearing face mask against COVID-19 was lower than the average as compared to previous researches. Hence, health authorities should promote the people to wear mask and encourage awareness programs for the benefit of the society.

Behavioral Intention Scale for End-of-life DiscussionsReliability and Validity Using a Web-based Survey

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the reliability and validity of the behavioral intention scale for end-of-life discussions. Methods: The scale items were developed according to the Theory of Planned Behavior. The drafts of the scale were created by Item-Level Content Validity Index (I-CVI) and a preliminary test. In the main study, we administered a cross-sectional questionnaire on the web to the participants 20–79 years of age (n=860), living in Tokyo and six surrounding prefectures, and a retest one week later (n=665). We examined item analysis, calculation of a reliability coefficient (intraclass correlation coefficient, Cronbach's alpha coefficient), construct validity, and concurrent validity of the scale. Results: Six factors identified by an exploratory factor analysis were; outcome evaluation, perceived power, control beliefs, motivation to comply, normative beliefs, and behavioral beliefs. The alpha coefficient of the overall scale was .96. The effect size that was determined based on known-groups validity and the correlation coefficient determined on the basis of concurrent validity were moderate. Conclusions: The reliability and validity of the scale were generally confirmed.

A study of factors influencing the willingness of primary healthcare workers in Qinghai Province to engage in non-discriminatory behaviors towards HBV-infected patients / 上海预防医学

ObjectiveTo understand the current status of primary healthcare workers’ knowledge of hepatitis B and their willingness to engage in non-discriminatory behaviors， to explore the factors influencing their willingness， and to provide a basis for health education on hepatitis B for primary healthcare workers in Qinghai Province. MethodsA questionnaire survey was conducted among primary healthcare institutions in eight cities （prefectures） of Qinghai Province using a combination of random sampling and convenience sampling. The questionnaire included demographic information， knowledge related to hepatitis B， and willingness to engage in non-discriminatory behaviors. ResultsA total of 393 subjects were included in the survey. The accurate awareness rate of hepatitis B transmission route among primary healthcare workers in Qinghai Province was 36.89%. Of the respondents， 46.31% were unwilling to live with family members infected with HBV or carriers， and 50.13% were unwilling to dine with friends infected with HBV or carriers. The willingness of primary healthcare workers to engage in non-discriminatory behaviors related to hepatitis B varied by different places of residence， gender， marital status and per capita household income （P<0.05）. Regarding different dimensions of HBV-related knowledge， there were significant differences in age， education level， and per capita household income for transmission route （P<0.05）. Vaccination showed significant differences based on marital status and per capita family income （P<0.05）. There were significant differences in treatment and outcome among different gender， education level， and per capita family income. Anti-discrimination policies varied significantly by place of residence， age， ethnicity， and per capita income. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that primary healthcare workers’ knowledge of hepatitis B transmission route was a significant factor influencing their willingness to engage in non-discriminatory behaviors （OR=0.49， 95%CI：0.29‒0.84）. ConclusionIt is essential to continuously strengthen hepatitis B health education for primary healthcare workers in western China to reduce the willingness to engage in non-discriminatory behaviors towards hepatitis B and protect the rights of HBV-infected individuals.

Occupational Burnout and Turnover Intention of Social Workers under the Context of Epidemic Prevention and Control: The Moderating Effect of Professional Self-care / 中国医学伦理学

To understand the current situation of occupational burnout, turnover intention, and professional self-care among social workers under the context of epidemic prevention and control, and the role of professional self-care in the relationship between occupational burnout and turnover intention, this study investigated 1 066 social workers in Fujian Province with Professional Self-Care Practice Scale, and the Burnout Scale. SPSS 26.0 and its PROCESS plug-in analysis were used, the results showed that the proportion of social workers with moderate and severe occupational burnout accounted for 44.22% and 29.99% respectively, the proportion with turnover intention in the past year accounted for 25.67%, and the average score of professional self-care was (22.57±5.98) points. There was a significant positive correlation between occupational burnout and turnover intention (r=0.29, P<0.01). Professional self-care of social workers was significant negatively correlated with occupational burnout (r=-0.46, P<0.01) and turnover intention (r=-0.16, P<0.01). Professional self-care played a moderating role in the relationship between occupational burnout and turnover intention (β=-0.01, P<0.05). This paper indicated that social workers had a high degree of occupational burnout and turnover intention, low level of professional self-care under the context of epidemic prevention and control, and the attention should be paid to the protective role of professional self-care.

The influence of perceived value and gender on local food consumption intentions in the northeastern cluster of Thailand

@#Introduction: Local food, which represents a country’s culture, can be gradually forgotten due tovarious factors. This study investigated the perceived value of local food and the influence of gender on consumer behaviour regarding the intention to eat local food. Methods: A quantitative survey was conducted using random systematic sampling at a fixed periodic interval. A sample of 2,000 consumers from Thailand’s upper northeastern region was chosen. Structural equation modelling was used to assess the relationships between perceived value, attitude towards eating, and intention to eat. Results: The relevant parameters identified the positive influence of perceived value and attitude towards eating behaviour on the intention to eat local food. The factor loading of attitude towards eating behaviour moderated the effect of the perceived value of local food on the intention to eat local food. Females had less perceived value for their intention to eat local food than males did. Conclusion: The perceived value of local food had the greatest positive impact on attitude towards eating behaviour. Moreover, the difference in gender in the eating behaviour of local food showed that females were more likely to control their food consumption than males were. To increase the intention to eat local food, local food vendors should focus on factors that influence attitudes and use food storytelling to increase consumers’ awareness on the benefits of local food.

Voluntary blood donation intention of students in middle vocational school in Jinhua and its influencing factors / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To explore the intention of voluntary blood donation in students from a middle vocational school in Jinhua and its influencing factors. 【Methods】 A total of 400 students were enrolled from a middle vocational school in Jinhua by convenience sampling, and a self-designed questionnaire was issued to each student to investigate the cognition, intention and attitude of voluntary blood donation. The influencing factors of voluntary blood donation intention were analyzed by Logistic regression. 【Results】 A total of 394 valid questionnaires(98.50%) were collected. For 394 surveyed students, the average score of cognition of voluntary blood donation was (7.27±2.69) points, and the overall rate of intention to voluntary blood donation was 21.32%. Logistic regression analysis equation consisted of family support, better cognition, feeling happy about blood donation and worrying about blood donation, with risk ratios(OR) as 31.78, 188.69, 26.27 and 0.01, respectively(all P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 Students from a middle vocational school showed poor congnition and intention of voluntary blood donation.Family support for voluntary blood donation, better cognition of voluntary blood donation and happiness for blood donation were positive factors, and the fear of blood donation was a negative factor.It is necessary to strengthen the publicity of blood donation among students in middle vocational school to improve their congnition and intention to voluntary blood donation.

Research on characteristics of potential blood donors and influencing factors of blood donation intention / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To investigate the demographic characteristics and factors affecting the willingness to donate blood among potential donors in China, so as to improve the recruitment efficiency for blood donors. 【Methods】 Non-blood donors aged 18-55 were investigated by online questionnaire to collect data in terms of sociodemographic characteristics (10 items), blood donation related behaviors (9 items), blood donation willingness and factors affecting their willingness (5 items) from October to December 2022. Logistic regression analysis was utilized to investigate their demographic characteristics, and linear regression analysis was used to explore the factors influencing their donation willingness. 【Results】 Logistic regression analysis was conducted with potential blood donors as dependent variable, revealed that individuals who were not only-child 59.6%(334/560) vs 45.4%(98/216), had friends received blood transfusion 63.8%(238/373) vs 48.3%(194/402), had relatives with blood donation experience 63.0%(194/308) vs 51.0%(238/467), and received blood donation information from relatives or friends 64.4%(152/236) vs 51.9%(280/539) were more likely to be potential donors(P0.05). While subjective norms, convenience of blood donation and personal empathy had positive effects on willingness to donate blood, the regression coefficients were all greater than 0, which were 0.58, 0.14 and 0.34 (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 To establish a wider blood donor community in China, recruitment strategies should be tailored to specific potential donor groups, and efforts should be made to strengthen promotion through relatives and friends, reinforce subjective norms, and provide more flexible options for blood donation time and location selection. In addition, incentive measures should be carefully selected to encourage blood donation.