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OBJECTIVES@#To study the application value of transport ventilator in the inter-hospital transport of critically ill children.@*METHODS@#The critically ill children in Hunan Children's Hospital who were transported with or without a transport ventilator were included as the observation group (from January 2019 to January 2020; n=122) and the control group (from January 2018 to January 2019; n=120), respectively. The two groups were compared in terms of general data, the changes in heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood oxygen saturation during transport, the incidence rates of adverse events, and outcomes.@*RESULTS@#There were no significant differences between the two groups in sex, age, oxygenation index, pediatric critical illness score, course of disease, primary disease, heart rate, respiratory rate, and transcutaneous oxygen saturation before transport (P>0.05). During transport, there were no significant differences between the two groups in the changes in heart rate, respiratory rate, and transcutaneous oxygen saturation (P>0.05). The incidence rates of tracheal catheter detachment, indwelling needle detachment, and sudden cardiac arrest in the observation group were lower than those in the control group during transport, but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Compared with the control group, the observation group had significantly shorter duration of mechanical ventilation and length of stay in the pediatric intensive care unit and significantly higher transport success rate and cure/improvement rate (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The application of transport ventilator in the inter-hospital transport can improve the success rate of inter-hospital transport and the prognosis in critically ill children, and therefore, it holds promise for clinical application in the inter-hospital transport of critically ill children.
Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Critical Illness , Respiration, Artificial/adverse effects , Intensive Care Units, Pediatric , Ventilators, Mechanical , PrognosisABSTRACT
Abstract Objective: To describe the experience of aeromedical interhospital transport of an adult patient with severe hypoxemic respiratory failure due to SARS-CoV-2, on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Method: This is a case report, guided by the tool Case Report Guidelines, with a descriptive approach. Data were collected from the digital medical record and field notes after the approval by the Institution and the Human Research Ethics Committee. Results: The transport of a critically ill, unstable patient with acute respiratory syndrome 2 on extracorporeal oxygenation was an opportunity for the team to acquire new knowledge. The proper preparation of the fixed-wing aircraft and the profile of the team of specialist nurses contributed to the safety and quality in the three phases of flight: preflight, in-flight and post-flight. Conclusion: Air transport of adults on cardiopulmonary bypass to referral centers, under the care of an experienced multidisciplinary team, can contribute to positive results. The nurses' autonomy, their leadership role and expertise in process management are highlighted. Thus, success was evidenced with the patient's discharge after 45 days from the Intensive Care Unit.
RESUMEN Objetivo: Describir la experiencia del transporte inter hospitalario aeromédico de un paciente adulto, con hipoxia grave por SARS-CoV-2, en uso de membrana de oxigenación extra corpórea. Método: Reporte de caso, guiado por la herramienta Case Report Guidelines, con abordaje descriptivo. Los datos fueron recolectados del historial clínico digital del paciente y de los apuntes de campo tras aprobación hecha por la Institución y por el Comité de Ética e Investigación con Seres Humanos. Resultados: El transporte del paciente en estado grave, instable, con síndrome respiratoria aguda 2 en uso de oxigenación extra corpórea fue una oportunidad para el equipo asimilar nuevos conocimientos. La preparación adecuada de la aeronave de ala fija y el perfil del equipo de enfermeros expertos contribuyeron para realizar con seguridad y calidad las tres etapas del vuelo: antes, durante y después del vuelo. Conclusión: El transporte aéreo de adultos a los centros de referencia en circulación extra corpórea, bajo los cuidados de un equipo con diversos profesionales experientes, puede ser contributivo para los resultados positivos. Se pone de relieve la autonomía de los enfermeros, el rol de liderazgo y la expertise en el manejo de procesos. Para tal, el éxito fue evidenciado por el alta al paciente después de 45 días en Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos.
RESUMO Objetivo: Descrever a experiência do transporte inter-hospitalar aeromédico de um paciente adulto, com insuficiência respiratória hipoxêmica grave por SARS-CoV-2, em uso de membrana de oxigenação extracorpórea. Método: Relato de caso, norteado pela ferramenta Case Report Guidelines, com abordagem descritiva. Os dados foram coletados do prontuário digital e do diário de campo após aprovação feita pela Instituição e pelo Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa com Seres Humanos. Resultados: O transporte do paciente em estado crítico, instável, com síndrome respiratória aguda 2 em uso de oxigenação extracorpórea foi uma oportunidade para a equipe assimilar novos conhecimentos. O preparo adequado da aeronave de asa fixa e o perfil da equipe de enfermeiros especialistas contribuíram para realizar com segurança e qualidade as três fases de voo: pré-voo, durante o voo e pós voo. Conclusão: O transporte aéreo de adultos para os centros de referência em circulação extracorpórea, sob os cuidados de uma equipe multiprofissional experiente, pode contribuir para os resultados positivos. Destaca-se a autonomia dos enfermeiros, o papel de liderança e a expertise no gerenciamento de processos. Para tal, o sucesso foi evidenciado pela alta do paciente após 45 dias do Centro de Terapia Intensiva.
Subject(s)
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation , Transportation of Patients , Case Reports , Coronavirus Infections , Knowledge ManagementABSTRACT
Objective:To study the effects of comprehensive warming intervention strategy on the body temperature of preterm infants (gestational age <32 weeks and birth weight <1 500 g) during inter-hospital transportation.Method:From October 2016 to July 2019, eligible preterm infants transported to our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. From October 2016 to March 2018, preterm infants transported with routine transportation strategy were assigned into the control group. From April 2018 to July 2019, preterm infants transported with the comprehensive warming intervention strategy were assigned into the experiment group. The body temperature, complications and prognosis before and after the transportation to our NICU were compared.Result:A total of 1 194 premature infants with gestational age <32 weeks were included with 630 cases in the control group and 564 cases in the experiment group. No significant differences existed in demographic data of the mothers, infants and the transportation time between the two groups ( P>0.05). The body temperatures before and after transportation in the experimental group were (36.8±0.5)℃ and (36.7±0.5)℃, significantly higher than the control group [(36.0±0.4)℃ and (36.3±0.6)℃] ( P<0.01). The incidences of hypoglycemia and mortality in the experimental group were 3.7% (21/564) and 4.8% (27/564), significantly lower than the control group [8.4% (53/630) and 7.9% (50/630)] ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Comprehensive warming intervention strategy in inter-hospital transport can effectively improve the body temperature of preterm infants before and after transportation, reducing the incidences of hypoglycemia and mortality.
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Objective To explore new models for interhospital transfer and provide theoretical basis for the interhospital transfer system construction through analyzing the clinical features of the patients transfered by "Qilu" interhospital transfer center.Methods Totally 258 patients aged over 18 years who were transferred to or from Qilu Hospital of Shandong University from August 2014 to December 2016 were analyzed.The data including sex,age,transport index,modified early warning score (MEWS) and outcome of patients with successful transport were collected.According to the results,the transferred patients were divided into the improved group and the non-improved group,and the differences of the above indicators between the two groups were analyzed.In the numerical variable analysis,Student's t test or Mann-whitney non-parametric test was applied,and the categorical variable was applied with x2 test.The correlation between clinical indicators and outcomes of the patients was analyzed by logistic regression analysis.Results The total transfer success rate was 98.5％.The transported male patients were more than female patients.Patients transferred to Qilu Hospital were mainly diagnosed with nervous system disease,trauma and circulatory system disease,and patients transferred from QiLu Hospital were respiratory disease,circulatory system disease,and nervous system disease.Tracheal intubation,tracheotomy,and invasive mechanical ventilation rates were 11.9％-22.2％.The patients ratio of transferred from Qilu Hospital with vasoactive drugs and the ratio of patients with deep venous catheter were three times and five times than those transferred to Qilu Hospital.Eighty-one percent patients transferred to Qilu Hospital recovered,and 45.5％ patients transferred from the hospital recovered.The age,heart rate,MEWS score,length of stay,ICU ratio,mechanical ventilation ratio and tracheal intubation ratio were significantly different between the improved group and the non-improved group (P＜0.05).Among the critically patients transferred to ICU,the length of stay was correlated with the outcome of the improvement.(OR=1.213,95％CI:1.085-1.357).Conclusions "Qilu" Interhospital Transfer Center has a high success rate and high recovery rate of patients,and can be a new model for the construction of interhospital transfer system.
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Objective To study the transport risk and factors that influence deaths of very low birth weight (VLBW) and extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants.Method All infants transferred to our neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) by our hospital transport team or local hospital transport team from January 2014 to December 2015 were included in our study.Their clinical data were retrospectively studied.The risks of transport between hospitals were analyzed.The risk factors of deaths within and after 7 days of admission were further analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression analysis.The receiver operation characteristic (ROC) curve was used to assess the sensitivity and specificity of mortality index for neonatal transportation (MINT),transport related mortality score (TREMS),transport risk index of physiologic stability (TRIPS) for predicting mortality of preterm infants.Result (1) A total of 527 cases of ELBW/VLBW infants were included in our study.There were no deaths during transport.There were 10.2％ (54/527) died within and 8.9％ (42/473) died after 7 days of hospitalization.(2) Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that scleredema of newborn,secondary transport,gastrointestinal malformations,metabolic acidosis,high TREMS score,and high MINT score were risk factors of mortality within 7 days of admission for ELBW/VLBW infants;necrotizing enterocolitis,intraventricular hemorrhage ≥ three degree,high MINT score and low admission weight were risk factors of mortality after 7 days of admission.(3) The area under the ROC curve for MINT,TREMS,and TRIPS score were 0.672,0.655 and 0.665,respectively.The cut-off values for MINT score (cut-off 8,sensitivity 0.444,specificity 0.829),for TREMS score (cut-off 2,sensitivity 0.500,specificity 0.757,for TRIPS score (cut-off 20,sensitivity 0.444,specificity O.829) were selected to predict mortality within 7 days of admission.Conclusion (1) Secondary transport is the transport-related risk factor of mortality within 7 days of admission for ELBW/VLBW infants.(2) High MINT score is the risk factor of mortality within and after 7 days of admission.(3) If MINT ≥ 8,TREMS ≥2,or TRIPS ≥20,it might significantly increase the risk of mortality of ELBW/ VLBW infants within 7 days of admission after transport.
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Objective To compare inter-hospital transport and clinical outcome in severe acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS)patients whom were transported either on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO) or on conventional ventilation,and to investigate the optimal means of inter-hospital transport. Methods Eleven patients with severe ARDS who were invalid under conventional ventilation and were transported from other hospitals to Tianjin Third Central Hospital from November 2009 to January 2014 were analyzed. Five patients were transported on ECMO(observation group)and 6 on conventional ventilation(control group). The clinical characteristics,outcomes, transportation,vital signs before and after transportation,respiratory parameters,and Murray score between two groups were compared. Results Patients in observation group were significantly older than those in control group〔years:73(46,77)vs. 34(23,46),Z=-2.293,P=0.022〕. There was no significant difference between observation group and control group in acute pathologic and chronic health evaluationⅡ(APACHEⅡ)score,Murray score,oxygenation index(PaO2/FiO2)before transportation,transit time,and transit distance〔APACHEⅡscore:36(33,39)vs. 27(23,35),Z=-1.830,P=0.067;Murray score:3.5±0.3 vs. 3.4±0.2,t=0.667,P=0.524;PaO2/FiO2(mmHg, 1 mmHg=0.133 kPa):61±14 vs. 63±14,t=-0.249,P=0.809;transit time(minutes):24(18,74)vs. 79(41, 86),Z=-1.654,P=0.098;transit distance(km):12.9(8.3,71.8)vs. 72.4(39.5,86.8),Z=-1.651,P=0.099〕. There was no significant difference between two groups in vital signs and respiratory parameters before transportation. When arrived in ECMO centre,heart rate,respiratory rate,fractional inspired oxygen,inspiratory pressure and Murray score in observation group were significantly lower than those in control group〔heart rate(beat/min):102±16 vs. 136±8, t=-4.374, P=0.002;respiratory rate(beat/min):23±3 vs. 37±2,t=-7.967,P=0.000;fractional inspired oxygen:0.40±0.05 vs. 0.96±0.09,t=-12.152,P=0.000;inspiratory pressure(cmH2O, 1 cmH2O=0.098 kPa):21±1 vs. 34±4,t=-6.887,P=0.000;Murray score:2.7±0.2 vs. 3.8±0.2,t=-8.573, P=0.000〕,but PaO2/FiO2 was higher than that of control group(mmHg:278±65 vs. 41±5 ,t=8.075,P=0.001). Four patients were survived in observation group,and one died from the shortage of oxygen induced lung injury deterioration during transportation. Three patients died in control group,which was directly associated with lung injury deterioration. Conclusion For patients with severe ARDS who need the support of ECMO,ECMO-assisted transfer is safer than conventional ventilation,but transfer should be implemented by experienced team.
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Objective To discuss Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation(ECMO) management method and effect during inter-hospital transport of potential cardiac death donors after cardiac death (DCD).Methods 8 potential donors after cardiac death with brain injury were supported by ECMO for inter-hospital transport.All donors were inserted Medtronic overall cannula into one side femoral artery and venous.The position of catheters were guided by ultrasound.The front-end of venous catheter located in the junction of atrium and inferior vena cava,meanwhile the front-end of artery catheter was below renal artery.100 IU/kg heparin was injected before inserting cannulas.Flow of ECMO maintained at 2.0～3.0 L/min,and oxygen flow was 2～3 L/min during ECMO supporting.When hemodynamics of potential donors were stable,patients were moved into ambulance with ECMO for inter-hospital transport.Results A total of 8 ECMO transports were performed for central circulatory collapse caused brain injury.Patients were previously cannulated and on ECMO prior to transport and transported a distance of more than 100 kilometer from our institution by ambulance.ECMO running times were 120 min,and operation process circulatory stable.Conclusion ECMO can ensure inter-hospital transport of potential donors after cardiac death safety.