El conocimiento del Kichwa, segunda lengua oficial del Ecuador ¿compromete la comunicación médico/odontólogo-paciente? / Knowledge of the Kichwa, second official language of Ecuador, compromises the dentist/medical-patient communication?

Con el propósito de analizar el comportamiento de las relaciones entre médico/odontólogo y paciente, mediadas por la comunicación intercultural, se realizó un estudio que contó con la participación de 200 indígenas de la etnia Kichwa Salasaka y 33 profesionales sanitarios. Mediante la aplicación de encuestas fueron explorados elementos esenciales como los idiomas que ambos grupos dominan; asistencia a consulta de los indígenas; calidad de la atención; formación bilingüe del odontólogo y percepción de la comprensión por parte de ambos grupos. Entre los resultados obtenidos se encuentra la no comprensión de los pacientes de las orientaciones que reciben en la consulta, insuficiente conocimiento la lengua Kichwa por parte del equipo de salud y en consecuencia insuficiente transferencia de la información. Identificada la problemática comunicacional médico/odontólogo - paciente, se recomienda la implementación de políticas de salud sustentadas en el enfoque intercultural(AU)

With the purpose of analyzing the behavior of the medical/dentist-patient relations, mediated by the intercultural communication, a study was carried out that counted on the participation of 70 indigenous people of the ethnic Kichwa Salasaca and 33 doctors and dentist. Through the application of surveys, essential elements were explored such as the languages that both groups dominate; assistance to indigenous consultation; Quality of care; Bilingual training of the dentist and perception of the understanding on the part of both groups. Among the results obtained is the non-comprehension of the patients of the orientations they receive in the consultation, insufficient knowledge the Kichwa language by the health team and consequently insufficient transfer of the information. Identified the communicational problems medical/entist-patient, we recommend the implementation of health policies based on the intercultural approach(AU)

Importancia de la perspectiva afectiva e intercultural en la comunicación profesional en tiempos de crisis / The importance of the affective and intercultural perspective of communication in times of crisis

Introducción: La comunicación de los profesionales y demás personas vinculadas a la salud con los ciudadanos es de vital importancia, particularmente en tiempos de crisis sanitarias y/o epidemiológicas, para desarrollar con efectividad las actividades de promoción y prevención de salud, así como para elevar la percepción de riesgo. Objetivo: Explicar la importancia de las perspectivas afectiva e intercultural en la comunicación de los profesionales de la salud ante situaciones de contingencia epidemiológica. Materiales y Métodos: Se utilizaron fundamentalmente el estudio documental a partir del análisis de la literatura científica sobre el tema y otros procedimientos de la investigación cualitativa como las narraciones de vivencias y la reflexión introspectiva de los autores. Desarrollo: Se exploran conceptos básicos relacionados con la comunicación en salud según se plantea en documentos de la Organización Mundial de la Salud y la literatura científica sobre el tema. También se caracteriza la comunicación afectiva e intercultural, en lengua materna y/o extranjera, que pondera el acompañamiento al ser humano en el proceso de información durante crisis sanitarias para desempeñarse de forma más efectiva en función de la actividad clínica, la promoción y la prevención de salud en el país o en contextos internacionales. Conclusiones: Se evidencia la necesidad de la comunicación afectiva, que brinde una información veraz clara, acompañada de solidaridad, optimismo y fe en la recuperación, así como de una sensibilidad intercultural que favorezca la comprensión de determinadas actitudes y prácticas no comunes y permita un mejor desempeño profesional(AU)

Introduction: The communication among professionals and those related to healthcare with the population is vital, especially during sanitary and epidemiological crises, aimed to develop effectively health promotion and prevention activities and help to increase the people´s risk perception. Objective: To explain the importance of the affective and intercultural perspective of the health professionals' communication when facing epidemiological contingency or hazard situations. Materials and methods: Literature review about the topic and other qualitative procedures such as life stories and the authors´ introspective reflection. Development: Basic concepts related to communication in the health field were explored as stated in the World Health Organization documents and the scientific literature about the topic. Besides, the authors explored the affective and intercultural communication issue, either in the mother tongue and in a foreign language which highly praise the accompaniment of the human being in the information process during health crises to lead them to behave effectively to achieve the goals of the clinical activity and the health promotion and prevention measures in the country or overseas. Conclusions: The evidence for the need of affective communication is shown. This kind of communication must be true and clear, showing principles such as solidarity, and traits of optimism and faith in the recovery and there should also be some intercultural awareness to favor the understanding of uncommon attitudes and practices for a better professional performance when working overseas(AU)

A voz da mulher imigrante no debate público sobre o 'Projeto pró-cesárea no SUS' em São Paulo a partir da perspectiva da comunicação intercultural / The immigrant women voice in the public debate about the 'Pro-Cesarean Project in SUS' in São Paulo city from the perspective of intercultural communication / La voz de las mujeres inmigrantes en el debate público sobre el 'Proyecto Pro Cesárea en el SUS' en São Paulo desde la perspectiva de la comunicación intercultural

Este artigo, de caráter interdisciplinar, tem como objetivo articular questões da diversidade sociocultural com o direito à comunicação e à saúde e a estratégias de reconhecimentos identitários. Para isso, propomos uma análise de conteúdo, de abordagem qualitativa, da comunicação produzida pela Equipe de Base Warmis ­ Convergências das Culturas sobre o caso que ficou conhecido como Projeto pró-cesárea no SUS ou PL 435/2019, comparando-a ainda com matérias veiculadas sobre o tema na mídia tradicional comercial e em notas e comunicados oficiais de instituições formais de classe profissional envolvidas com a questão. Como recurso teórico-metodológico, utilizamos os conceitos de interculturalismo e comunicação intercultural. Entre os principais resultados, destacamos que processos comunicacionais, quando entendidos não somente a partir de seu alcance instrumental, mas, em seu sentido de vinculação sociocultural, interação simbólica e produção subjetiva, podem ter caráter mobilizador coletivo e de reconhecimento identitário visando, muitas vezes, a transformação da realidade social, ainda que essa signifique uma coexistência sociocultural capaz de ser negociada.

This interdisciplinary article aims to articulate issues of sociocultural diversity with the right to communication and health and identity recognition strategies. For this, we propose a qualitative content analysis about the communication produced by the Warmis Base Team ­ Convergences of Cultures on the case known as the Pro-cesarean project in SUS or PL 435/2019, comparing it with articles published about the theme in the traditional commercial media and in formal professional class institutions official notes involved with the case. As a theoretical-methodological resource, we use the interculturalism concept and intercultural communication. Among the main results, we highlight that communicational processes, when understood not only from their instrumental reach, but, in their sense of sociocultural attachment, symbolic interaction and subjective production, can have collective mobilizing character and identity recognition, often aiming at the transformation of social reality, even if it means a sociocultural coexistence able of being negotiated.

Este artículo, interdisciplinario, tiene como objetivo articular temas de diversidad sociocultural con el derecho a la comunicación y a la salud y estrategias de reconocimiento de identidad. Para esto, proponemos un análisis de contenido cualitativo de la comunicación producida por el Equipo Base de Warmis ­ Convergencias de las Culturas en el caso conocido como el Proyecto pro cesárea en SUS o PL 435/2019, comparándolos con artículos publicados sobre el tema en los medios comerciales tradicionales y con notas oficiales de instituciones formales de clase profesional involucradas en el tema. Como recurso teórico-metodológico, utilizamos los conceptos de interculturalidad y comunicación intercultural. Entre los principales resultados, destacamos que los procesos comunicacionales, cuando se entienden no solo desde su alcance instrumental, sino que, en su sentido de apego sociocultural, interacción simbólica y producción subjetiva, pueden tener un carácter movilizador colectivo y reconocimiento de identidad, con el objetivo de la transformación de la realidad social, aunque esa signifique una convivencia sociocultural capaz de ser negociada.

La atención sanitaria intercultural en Ecuador: un proyecto de investigación para las carreras de medicina y enfermería / Intercultural health care in Ecuador: an investigation project for the medicine and nursing careers

Se presenta un proyecto de investigación que pretende promover la colaboración intercultural entre la atención sanitaria (estudiantes, enfermeros y médicos) y los curanderos y parteras tradicionales en los centros de salud rurales, a fin de examinar las necesidades y las circunstancias propias del contexto para elaborar medidas concretas que permitan integrar este contenido al currículo de las carreras de medicina y enfermería de la Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, de la Universidad de Cuenca y de otros centros de ese tipo en Ecuador. El proyecto tiene como finalidad vincular a los proveedores de atención sanitaria ya activos en las áreas rurales, tanto académicos como tradicionales, para intercambiar entre ellos.

An investigation project is presented aimed at promoting the intercultural collaboration between the health care staff (students, nurses and doctors) and the folk healers and traditional midwives in the rural health centers from Ecuador, in order to examine the necessities and the circumstances of the context to elaborate concrete measures that allow to integrate this content to the curriculum of the medicine and nursing careers of the Technical Particular University in Loja, from Cuenca University and from other centers of that type in the country. The project has as purpose to link the suppliers of health care who are already active in the rural areas, either as academic or as traditional, to exchange experiences among them.

Saberes e interculturalidad: dilemasy aprendizajes en una experiencia conafrodescendientes colombianas / Dialogue of knowledges and interculturality: dilemmas and learnings from an experience with afro-colombian women / Diálogo de saberes e interculturalidade: dilemas e aprendizagens em uma experiência com mulheres afrodescendentes colombianas

Este artículo describe los resultados de la investigación: Diálogos afrocéntricos y occidentales en el entrenamiento de terapeutas comunitarios, que se desarrolló en 2013 con una metodología de acción participativa. El propósito del estudio fue analizar cómo un grupo de mujeres colombianas afrodescendientes, desplazadas de la Costa Pacífica en la ciudad de Cali, construyeron sentido en un encuentro pedagógico con un grupo de estudiantes estadounidenses del programa de terapia familiar de la universidad Lewis & Clark, en Portland, Oregon. Los resultados examinan los siguientes temas: el proceso de las mujeres de construcción colectiva de sentido sobre sus saberes como prácticas de resistencia; el significado crítico, nuevo y emergente de las prácticas culturales como una posibilidad de reconfigurar la identidad colectiva; la reconstrucción del tejido social; y el fortalecimiento de las eficacias simbólicas al trabajar terapéuticamente con familias.

This paper describes the results of the study titled “Afrocentric and Western dialogues: Towards training community family therapists. This study was conducted in 2013 using a Participatory Action Research methodology. The purpose of the study was to analyze how displaced Afro-colombian women who were living in the Pacific Coast and were internally displaced to the city of Cali constructed meaning as part of a pedagogical encounter with a group of master’s students studying Family Therapy from Lewis & Clark College, Portland, Oregon. The results examine the following themes: the women’s collective constructing meaning for their own knowledge as a form of practicing resistance; critical, new and emerging meaning from cultural practices that represent a possibility of reconfiguring collective identity; reconstruction of social fabric; and the strengthening of symbolic actions when engaging in therapeutic work with families.

Neste artigo apresentamos os resultados da pesquisa: Diálogos afrocêntricos e ocidentais no treinamento de terapeutas comunitários, desenvolvida no ano 2013 mediante a metodologia de ação participativa. O propósito do estudo foi analisar como um grupo de mulheres colombianas afrodescendentes, deslocadas da Costa Pacífica na cidade de Cali, construiu sentido em um encontro pedagógico com um grupo de estudantes estadunidenses do programa de terapia familiar da Universidade Lewis & Clark, em Portland, Oregon. Os resultados examinam os seguintes temas: o processo das mulheres de construção coletiva de sentido sobre seus saberes como práticas de resistência; significado crítico, novo e emergente das práticas culturais como uma possibilidade de reconfigurar a identidade coletiva; reconstrução do tecido social; e o fortalecimento das eficácias simbólicas ao trabalhar terapeuticamente com famílias.

Trajetórias Escolares de Surdos: Entre Práticas Pedagógicas e Processos de Desenvolvimento Bicultural / School Trajectories of the Deaf: Between Teaching Practices and Bicultural Development Processes

RESUMO Caracterizada por uma variedade de estratégias de ensino, a experiência dos surdos na escola tem sido marcada por fracasso e evasão escolar. Assim, propomos refletir sobre os processos de escolarização desses sujeitos. Os dados foram coletados em sessões clínicas, estruturadas por equipe profissional multidisciplinar (pedagogo, psicóloga e intérprete), com um grupo de quatro surdos. As narrativas analisadas detiveram-se nas práticas pedagógicas, apontando três eixos de análise: (a) o papel da língua no processo de ensino-aprendizagem, (b) a atuação do intérprete de língua de sinais em sala de aula e (c) dificuldades decorrentes da aprendizagem baseada exclusivamente na escrita e na oralidade. Conclui-se pela importância de pensar o processo de inclusão do surdo a partir do respeito à sua condição bilíngue.

ABSTRACT Characterized by a variety of teaching strategies, the life of the deaf at school has been marked by failure and dropout. Thus, we propose to reflect about the schooling processes of deaf children and adolescents. The data were collected in clinical sessions, structured by a multidisciplinary professional group (a pedagogue, a psychologist and an interpreter), with a group of four deaf people. The narratives of these subjects were focused on pedagogical practices, indicating three categories of analysis: (a) the role of language in the teaching-learning process; (b) the role of the interpreter of sign language in the classroom; and (c) difficulties arising from learning based exclusively on writing and orality. We conclude that it is important to consider the process of inclusion of the deaf based on their bilingual condition.

Discussion on English translation of traditional Chinese medicine with the intercultural communication perspective / 国际中医中药杂志

Analysis of differences between traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) philosophy with malnstream western medicine was done with reference to intercultural communication theory. It was found that the differences are malnly manifested through holism philosophy of TCM and dualism of Western medicine, intuition thinking mode of TCM and mechanical thinking mode of western medicine, and ideographic Chinese language and objective description of the Western medicine. The translation principle was also discussed with the perspective of intercultural communication. It is of great significance to respect the recipient’s privilege, to create intimate text, and to understand the bilingual differences if TCM translation is to be promoted.

Sistema de actividades para desarrollar la comunicación intercultural mediante la escritura en inglés / A system of activities to develop intercultural communication through writing in english

Fundamento: Cuba se ha convertido en un paradigma de humanismo en el mundo a partir del cumplimiento de importantes misiones de los egresados de las carreras de ciencias médicas, por ello debe fomentarse el desarrollo de una comunicación intercultural dada la diversidad de culturas que se unen en sus aulas. Objetivo: elaborar un sistema de actividades para desarrollar la comunicación intercultural a través de la habilidad escribir en los estudiantes de tercer año de Medicina. Métodos: del nivel teórico: analítico-sintético e inductivo-deductivo, para analizar y determinar las características del objeto en este contexto; empíricos: análisis documental para determinar el tratamiento de la comunicación intercultural y desarrollo de la habilidad escribir con el programa "Vision III", observación participante para constatar el comportamiento de los estudiantes en las clases; encuesta: en su modalidad de entrevista a estudiantes y profesores para obtener criterios sobre el referido tema, y la prueba pedagógica para diagnosticar sus conocimientos sobre ello. También se empleó el matemático y/o estadístico para el análisis porcentual en valores absolutos y relativos. Resultados: en el programa, orientaciones metodológicas y libro de texto "Vision III", no se trata suficientemente la comunicación intercultural, ni sus actividades desarrollan la habilidad escribir en relación con esos temas, y muestran carencias sobre las culturas de otros países, sin embargo, refieren estar interesados en esos conocimientos. Los profesores coinciden con los alumnos al respecto. Como resultado de ello se propone un sistema de actividades para erradicar esas dificultades. Conclusiones: la propuesta fue aprobada por criterio de especialistas, quienes la evaluaron como pertinente, viable, flexible y adecuada para su aplicación.

Background: Cuba has become a paradigm of humanism in the world due to the carrying out of important missions by Medical Science graduates. Therefore, it is important to encourage the development of intercultural communication, given the diversity of cultures that come together in medical classrooms. Objective: devise a system of activities to develop intercultural communication through writing skills in third year medical students. Methods: theoretical methods: The analytic-synthetic method and the inductive-deductive method were used to analyze and determine the characteristics of the object in this context. Empirical methods: a documentary analysis was conducted to determine the treatment of intercultural communication and the development of writing skills with the "Vision III" syllabus. A participating observation was made to verify the behavior of students in classes. A survey, in the form of interviews, was conducted with students and teachers in order to get their ideas on the topic. A pedagogical test was also used to assess their knowledge about the topic. The mathematical and/or statistical method was also used for percentage analysis in absolute and relative values. Results: the syllabus, methodological guidelines and the textbook "Vision III" do not pay enough attention to intercultural communication. Their activities do not develop the writing skill in connection with these topics, and show gaps about other countries' culture. However, students report being interested in this knowledge and teachers agree with students about it. As a result, it is proposed a system of activities to eliminate these difficulties. Conclusions: the proposal was approved by expert judgment. It was considered to be relevant, viable, flexible and appropriate for implementation.

Building CPI Mode for Teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language:Orientation towards Strengthening Intercultural Communication Competence in a TCM University / 浙江中医药大学学报

[Aim]To create CPI mode of teaching Chinese as a foreign language in a TCM university. [Method]Based on conventional teaching, language partner and interculture communication class(mixing Chinese and international students) were introduced in CPI mode. The effect of this mode was ana-lyzed. [Result] By effectively promoting the cooperative learning between Chinese and international students, CPI mode could not only improve Chinese teaching effect, but also improve international students’ability on intercultural communication.[Conclusion] Based on its practice, CPI mode is believed as an effective way to improve teaching and study.

The Improvement of Intercultural Communication Competence and Culture Input / 中华医学教育探索杂志

FLT can't simply focus on the teaching of grammar,pronunciation and vocabulary,but on its application in practical life.After all,the objective of it is to improve the students' intercultural communication competence.This paper proposes the importance of cultural input in FLT,and analyzes the causes of pragmatic failure,also puts forward several strategies to cultivate students' intercultural communication competence.