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1.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1550769

ABSTRACT

Resumo Objetivo Discutir sobre a promoção da saúde da pessoa idosa por meio da intergeracionalidade, com ênfase na educação intergeracional nos Programas Intergeracionais, como uma proposta de educação para o protagonismo da pessoa idosa e o envelhecimento bem-sucedido. Método Ensaio teórico, de cunho reflexivo com abordagem qualitativa. Embasando-se na leitura de documentos que reforçam o aumento da longevidade e a preocupação com a promoção da saúde para a pessoa idosa no Brasil, a fim de refletir sobre a intergeracionalidade na promoção da saúde e a utilização da educação intergeracional para promover o envelhecimento bem-sucedido, por meio dos Programas Intergeracionais. Resultados Organizaram-se em três tópicos: Promoção da saúde da pessoa idosa: desafios para o seu protagonismo; Compreensão sobre envelhecimento para a aprendizagem intergeracional; Programa intergeracional: protagonismo para a promoção da saúde da pessoa idosa. Conclusão Experiências exitosas na saúde, especificamente nos espaços ocupados pela Atenção Primária à Saúde ainda se mostram restritas ou pouco visualizadas para a construção de uma educação transformadora para a promoção da saúde da pessoa idosa. O desafio é fomentar pesquisas científicas, para que os profissionais, a partir da educação permanente, possam potencializar os momentos de educação em saúde a partir da educação intergeracional, sendo assim, a construção e implementação de Programas Intergeracionais podem representar essa possibilidade.


Abstract Objective To discuss the promotion of health for older adults through intergenerationality, with an emphasis on intergenerational education within Intergenerational Programs, as a proposal for education fostering the protagonism of older adults and successful aging. Method Theoretical essay, reflective in nature with a qualitative approach. Grounded in the examination of documents emphasizing the increase in longevity and the concern for health promotion among older adults in Brazil, the aim is to contemplate intergenerationality in health promotion and the utilization of intergenerational education to foster successful aging through Intergenerational Programs. Results Organized into three topics: Health promotion for older adults: challenges for their protagonism; Understanding aging for intergenerational learning; Intergenerational program: protagonism for the health promotion of older adults. Conclusion Successful experiences in health, specifically within the realms of Primary Health Care, still appear to be limited or insufficiently recognized for the development of transformative education in health promotion for older adults. The challenge lies in fostering scientific research so that professionals, through continuous education, can enhance health education moments through intergenerational education. Thus, the establishment and implementation of Intergenerational Programs may represent this promising possibility.

2.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1436697

ABSTRACT

Introduction: After the years of lead, as known, the military dictatorship that took part in the country, declaredly contrary to the democratic rule of law that existed in Brazil until then, and that took over power through the use of force between the years 1964 and 1985 , in 1988 the Citizen Constitution was promulgated, the Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil of 1988 (CRFB/1988), not without a struggle but as a possible, but not perfect, combination of the democratic and social need that was curbed by conservatism and the roots lying down from dictatorialism and the right-wing vision of the instituted powers of the elite, and that made amnesty possible for coup leaders and dictators, as well as those who fought for the democratic rule of law and for social justice through the widespread use of violence at the time, which became begins with the cowardly coup of 1964. The 1988 Constitution brought to society, on its side, important mechanisms for the protection of individuals and society against the will of the State and of society itself, declared and instituted fundamental rights and created legal instruments for the protection and guarantee of fundamental rights, such as, among many, we can highlight public civil actions, the collective writ of mandamus and popular action. However, social reality depends on the implementation of fundamental rights through the effective action of the State and society, and through the appreciation of democratic institutions, such as the CRFB/1988. On the other hand, the coup and the lack of appreciation for democracy and the democratic rule of law, however, live in the shadows and underworld of violence and fake news more recently, and during the more than thirty years of promulgation of the celebrated Constitution Federal of 1988, the institutions and the constitutionally established democratic regime have been questioned by the coup, of which the dantesque event of the attacks on democracy perpetrated by vandals, possible terrorists and financiers of chaos, and purely coupists, on January 8, 2023, at the headquarters of the three branches of government in Brasília, DF. fundamental rights, occurs with great emphasis in the scope of the realization of these same fundamental rights and affects more seriously, above all, the vulnerable, marginalized population, and the black majority, with a cowardly mechanism of structural racism sedimented over the nation in Brazil and which adds to the lack of appreciation for democracy on the part of the population, and which affects, notably, and with greater gravity the economically needy people who live in poverty.Objective: As a general objective, this manuscript aims to describe important mechanisms achieved for the defense and implementation of fundamental rights based on the Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil of 1988.Methods: The present work was developed through bibliographical research, on the conquest of rights inserted in the context of the constitutionality and normative force of the Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil of 1988, representative of the sedimentation of democracy in Brazil. The research approach method is deductive.Results: This research describes the evolution of generations of fundamental rights enshrined in the 1988 Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil, , among which the current stage of new fundamental rights, resulting from bioethics and technological advances.Conclusion: It is concluded that fundamental rights had a great evolution in a short period of time, notably driven by the barbarism created by the warlike, coup-mongering and dictatorial movements that rested from the 20th century onwards, and notably by the incidence of technological evolution resulting from the advance of science in the same historical period, and which underlie the conquest of rights and the need to implement goals to avoid the social, economic and existential collapse of humanity, with the aim of perpetuating good social coexistence and guaranteeing and promoting the quality of life of people and societies, permeated by rights that are partly individual and partly collective.


Introdução: Após os anos de chumbo, assim conhecida a ditadura militar que tomou parte no país, declaradamente contrária ao Estado de direito democrático que havia no Brasil até então, e que tomou conta do poder pelo uso da força entre os anos de 1964 e 1985, em 1988 foi promulgada a Constituição Cidadã, a Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil de 1988 (CRFB/1988), não sem luta mas como uma conjugação possível, mas não perfeita, da necessidade democrática e social que foi freada pelo conservadorismo e pelas raízes deitadas do ditatorialismo e da visão de direita dos poderes da elite instituídos, e que viabilizaram a anistia aos golpistas e ditadores, bem como aos que lutavam pelo Estado democrático de direito e pela justiça social através do uso disseminado à época da violência, o que se inicia com o golpe covarde de 1964. A Constituição de 1988 trouxe para a sociedade, de seu lado, importantes mecanismos de proteção dos indivíduos e da sociedade contra os arbítrios do Estado e da própria sociedade, declarou e instituiu direitos fundamentais e criou instrumentos legais de proteção e garantia de direitos fundamentais, tais como, dentre vários, podemos destacar as ações civis públicas, o mandado de segurança coletivo e a ação popular. Contudo, a realidade social depende de implementação dos direitos fundamentais pela atuação efetiva do Estado e da sociedade, e através da valorização das instituições democráticas, tal qual o é a CRFB/1988. De outra sorte, o golpismo e a falta de apreço à democracia e ao Estado democrático de direito, no entanto, vive nas sombras e no submundo da violência e das fake news mais recentemente, e durante os mais de trinta anos de promulgação da celebrada e Constituição Federal de 1988, as instituições e o regime democrático constitucionalmente estabelecido vêm sendo questionados pelo golpismo, de que é um ápice o evento dantesco dos atentados à democracia perpetrados por vândalos, possíveis terroristas e financiadores do caos, e puramente golpistas, em 8 de janeiro de 2023, na sede dos três poderes em Brasília, DF. O descumprimento da Lei Maior, seja em eventos pontuais de golpismo, seja na prática cotidiana da vida constitucional em uma sociedade doente e que não se reconhece como parte do sistema democrático e detentora de direitos fundamentais, ocorre com grande destaque no âmbito da efetivação destes mesmos direitos fundamentais e afeta com maior gravidade, sobretudo, a população vulnerável, marginalizada, e de maioria negra, havendo-se no Brasil um mecanismo covarde de racismo estrutural sedimentado sobre a nação e que se soma à falta de apreço pela democracia de parte da população, e que afeta, notadamente, e com maior gravidade as pessoas economicamente necessitadas que vivem em situação de pobreza.Objetivo: Como objetivo geral o presente manuscrito visa descrever importantes mecanismos conquistados para a defesa e implementação de direitos fundamentais sediados na Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil de 1988. Método: Desenvolveu-se o presente trabalho através da pesquisa bibliográfica, sobre a conquista de direitos inseridos no contexto da constitucionalidade e da força normativa da Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil de 1988, representativas da sedimentação da democracia no Brasil. O método de abordagem de pesquisa é o dedutivo.Resultados: Obteve-se nesta pesquisa a descrição da evolução das gerações de direitos fundamentais consagrados na Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil de 1988, dentre os quais destaca-se o estágio atual dos novos direitos fundamentais, decorrentes da bioética e dos avanços tecnológicos e digitais.Conclusão: Conclui-se que os direitos fundamentais tiveram uma grande evolução num curto espaço de tempo, notadamente impulsionados pela barbárie criada pelos movimentos bélicos, golpistas e ditatoriais que refestelam a partir do século XX, e notadamente pela incidência da evolução tecnológica decorrente do avanço da ciência no mesmo período histórico, e que fundamentam a conquista de direitos e a necessidade de implementação de balizas para evitar o colapso social, econômico e existencial da humanidade, com a finalidade de perpetuar o bom convívio social e a garantia e promoção da qualidade de vida das pessoas e das sociedades, permeadas por direitos que são em parte individuais e em parte coletivos.

3.
Journal of Preventive Medicine ; (12): 840-843, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-997096

ABSTRACT

Objective@#To explore the relationship between family intergenerational contact, depressive symptoms and self-rated health status in the elderly, so as to provide insights into promoting health of the elderly and actively coping with population aging. @*Methods@#Demographic information, intergenerational contact frequency, self-rated health status and depressive symptoms in the elderly at ages of 65 years and older were collected through the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS). Structural equation model was established to analyze the effects of intergenerational contact on self-rated health and the mediating role of depressive symptoms between family intergenerational contact and self-rated health in the elderly. @*Results@#Totally 15 497 elderly participants were enrolled, with 6 727 males (43.41%) and 8 770 females (56.59%), and there 12 583 individuals lived with family members (81.19%). The median age was 85.00 (interquartile range, 16.00) years. The scores of self-rated health and depressive symptoms were (3.39±0.87) and (2.22±0.56), respectively. The results of structural equation model analysis showed that after adjusting for age, gender and residence, frequent intergenerational contact had a direct positive effect on self-rated health (effect size=0.038, P<0.001), and could improve the depressive symptoms (effect size=0.089, P<0.001) in the elderly. In addition, depressive symptoms had a negative effect on self-rated health in the elderly (effect size=-0.422, P<0.001).@* Conclusions @#Frequent intergenerational contact can improve the self-rated health status in the elderly, and indirectly improve the self-rated health level by alleviating depressive symptoms.

4.
Chinese Pharmacological Bulletin ; (12): 812-817, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1013909

ABSTRACT

Allergic diseases are diseases caused by abnormal immune responses to antigens. Recently the prevalence of allergic diseases in children is on the rise, which has become one of the urgent public health problems to date. Recent clinical data and research show that the susceptibility of allergic diseases in offspring is inextricably associated with intergenerational transmission factors. Some unfavorable factors suffered by mothers before or during pregnancy may increase the allergic disease susceptibility in offspring. Therefore, it is of great significance to identify early risk factors (mother's generation) for the prevention of allergic diseases in children. At present, under the background of intergenerational transmission, some progress has been made in the research on the susceptibility of allergic diseases in offspring, and some researches have elucidated the potential molecular biological mechanisms. The current review summarizes the effects of maternal pregestational and prenatal unfavorable factors on the susceptibility of allergic diseases in offspring.

5.
Rev. bras. educ. méd ; 47(3): e084, 2023. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1449634

ABSTRACT

Resumo: Introdução: As habilidades de comunicação (HC) são competências indispensáveis para qualquer profissional da área de saúde, pois permitem maior adesão, compreensão e satisfação geral do paciente. O constante envelhecimento da população brasileira resulta cada vez mais na presença do público idoso no sistema de saúde. Esse cenário tem levado as escolas médicas a pensar em uma reformulação dos seus componentes curriculares no âmbito das HC, visto que esse assunto ainda apresenta lacunas. Nesse contexto, os programas intergeracionais possuem um valioso papel no desenvolvimento das HC por permitirem a interação entre diferentes gerações. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar as perspectivas de estudantes da área de saúde sobre a participação em um programa intergeracional no município de Paulo Afonso, na Bahia, intitulado "[Tec-Idoso]: utilização de tecnologia como ferramenta de inclusão digital e de apoio psicossocial ao idoso", vinculado à Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco (Univasf). Método: Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo e exploratório, realizado a partir de entrevistas semiestruturadas, utilizando o método de análise de conteúdo. Resultado: As seguintes categorias temáticas foram definidas: contato intergeracional, percepção e estigma com pessoas idosas, HC, impacto no desempenho acadêmico e impacto nas práticas profissionais futuras. Conclusão: Os resultados da presente pesquisa incluem melhora do desempenho acadêmico e da interação social por meio do desenvolvimento das HC, mudança de perspectivas perante o envelhecimento e preparação para o enfrentamento com mais confiança de situações da vida pessoal e profissional.


Abstract: Introduction: Communication skills (CS) are indispensable competencies for any healthcare professional as such skills lead to greater patient compliance, understanding, and overall satisfaction. The constant aging of the Brazilian population increasingly results in the presence of the older people in the healthcare system. This has led medical schools to think about a reformulation of their curricular components within the scope of CS, since this subject still presents gaps. In this context, intergenerational programs play a valuable role in the development of CS by allowing interaction between different generations. Objective: To investigate the perspectives of health students about their participation in an intergenerational program in the city of Paulo Afonso/BA entitled "[Tec-Idoso]: utilização de tecnologia como ferramenta de inclusão digital e de apoio psicossocial ao idoso" [Tec-Idoso: use of technology as a tool for digital including and psychosocial support for the elderly], linked to the Federal University of Vale of São Francisco (UNIVASF). Method: This is an exploratory qualitative study based on semi-structured interviews, using the data analysis method. Results: The following thematic categories were defined: intergenerational contact, perception and stigma about old age, CS, impact on academic performance and impact on future professional practices. Conclusion: Given the above, the results obtained from this research include improved academic performance and social interaction through the development of CS, change of paradigms facing aging, and preparation for handling personal and professional life situation with more confidence.

6.
Aval. psicol ; 21(3): 284-292, jul.-set. 2022. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1447475

ABSTRACT

O objetivo foi analisar evidências de validade do Inventário de Histórico Infracional Familiar (IHIF), instrumento de autorrelato sobre infrações cometidas pelo indivíduo e seus familiares. A amostra foi composta por 791 pessoas, 394 apenados e 397 universitários. Identificaram-se dois componentes com a análise de componentes principais, tendo a análise paralela para retenção componencial: Componente 1 (Infrações graves); Componente 2 (Infrações leves). Esses componentes foram agrupados em um Indicador Geral (IG) com modelo PLS-SEM cuja invariância parcial foi verificada. A estrutura e consistência interna demonstram-se razoáveis. Houve divergência do histórico infracional familiar e os estilos parentais. Há ainda diferenças significativas entre universitários e apenados nos escores dos Componentes 1 e IG, cujas gravidades são aumentadas. O instrumento mostrou-se promissor para avaliar a transmissão intergeracional de comportamento infrator. A identificação de descendentes que possam estar em risco de delinquência permitirá a criação de programas de intervenção precoce para famílias de risco. (AU)


We analyzed validity evidence for the Family Criminal History Inventory (FCHI), a self-report instrument on offenses committed by individuals and their families. We surveyed 791 people (394 inmates and 397 university students). Results produced two components through principal component analysis, using parallel analysis for component retention: Component 1 (Serious Offenses); Component 2 (Light Offenses). These were grouped into a General Indicator (GI) with a PLS-SEM model, the partial invariance of which was verified. The structure and internal consistency were reasonable. A divergence of family criminal history and parenting styles were observed. There were also significant differences between the university students and inmates in the scores of Components 1 and the GI, in which the severities increased. The instrument proved to be promising for evaluating the intergenerational transmission of offending behavior. The identification of descendants who may be at risk of delinquency will allow the creation of early intervention programs for families at risk.(AU)


El objetivo fue analizar evidencias de validez del Inventario de Antecedentes Familiares de Infracciones (IHIF), un instrumento de autoinforme sobre las infracciones cometidas por las personas y sus familias. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 791 personas, 394 internos y 397 estudiantes universitarios. Con el análisis de componentes principales se identificaron dos componentes, utilizando el análisis paralelo para la retención de componentes: Componente 1 (Infracciones graves); Componente 2 (Infracciones leves). Dichos componentes se agruparon en un Indicador General (IG) con un modelo PLS-SEM, cuya invarianza parcial fue verificada. La estructura y la consistencia interna son razonables. Hubo divergencia en el historial familiar de infracciones y los estilos de crianza. También existen diferencias significativas entre estudiantes universitarios y reclusos en las puntuaciones de los Componentes 1 e IG, cuya gravedad aumenta. El instrumento se mostró prometedor para evaluar la transmisión intergeneracional del comportamiento delictivo. La identificación de descendientes que puedan estar en riesgo de delincuencia permitirá la creación de programas de intervención para familias en riesgo.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Young Adult , Prisoners/psychology , Family Relations/psychology , Antisocial Personality Disorder/psychology , Psychometrics , Students/psychology , Universities , Reproducibility of Results , Education, Primary and Secondary , Self Report
7.
Rev. cuba. enferm ; 38(2): e4616, abr.-jun. 2022. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BDENF, CUMED | ID: biblio-1408334

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El siglo pasado facilita el acceso al legado que pueden aportar diferentes generaciones de profesionales de enfermería en distintos entornos de salud. Cuatro generaciones de enfermeras asturianas pudieron coincidir en un mismo grupo de trabajo y al analizar el tiempo histórico que le ha correspondido a cada una, se observa una gran diferencia tanto a nivel teórico como práctico y tecnológico en la manera de administrar los cuidados. Objetivo: Identificar las diferencias o similitudes generacionales existentes entre la percepción de roles paradomésticos de cuatro generaciones de enfermeras asturianas y su nivel de dependencia del poder médico desde una perspectiva de género. Métodos: Se ha partido de los principios del paradigma hermenéutico orientando la investigación desde la perspectiva aportada por la historia social y cultural. La muestra ha estado integrada por enfermeras asturianas pertenecientes a la generación de Veteranos, Baby Boom, Generación X y Millennials. Se realizaron 40 entrevistas desde febrero de 2018 hasta abril del 2020. Para el análisis de datos se utilizó el modelo estructural dialéctico de los cuidados y para el análisis de datos cualitativo el software Atlas ti 7. Resultados: Emergieron 3 categorías: unidad funcional, marco funcional y elemento funcional. Sobresalen las diferentes expectativas en el uso de la tecnología informática de las distintas generaciones. Las enfermeras Millennials perciben su valoración como miembro importante del equipo de salud, sobre todo por parte de los médicos más jóvenes. Tras la pandemia de la COVID-19 la enfermería se ve reforzada como una fuerza laboral feminizada. Conclusión: Las enfermeras Millennial a pesar de reconocer el servilismo aún vigente dentro de la profesión de enfermería, apuestan por el cambio y la lucha del reconocimiento de su labor, a nivel social y profesional(AU)


Introduction: The past century facilitates access to the legacy that can be provided by different generations of nursing professionals in different health care settings. Four generations of Asturian nurses could coincide in the same work group and, upon analyzing the historical time that has corresponded to each one, a great difference was observed at the theoretical, practical and technological levels regarding the way of providing care. Objective: To identify the generational differences or similarities between perception of paradomestic roles of four generations of Asturian nurses and their level of dependence on medical power from a gender perspective. Methods: The start has been the principles of the hermeneutic paradigm, orienting the research from the perspective provided by social and cultural history. The sample was composed of Asturian nurses belonging to the generation of veterans, baby boomers, generation X and millennials. Forty interviews were conducted from February 2018 to April 2020. The dialectical structural model of care was used for data analysis, while the ATLAS.ti 7 software was used for qualitative data analysis. Results: Three categories emerged: functional unit, functional framework and functional element. The different expectations in the use of information technology by the different generations stand out. Millennial nurses perceive their valuation based on the fact that they are an important member of the healthcare team, especially by the opinion of younger physicians. In the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic, nursing is reinforced as a feminized workforce. Conclusion: Millennial nurses, despite recognizing the subservience that still exists within the nursing profession, are committed to change and the struggle for recognition of their work, both socially and professionally(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Intergenerational Relations , Delivery of Health Care/methods , Information Technology , Gender Perspective , Software , Population Dynamics
8.
Psocial (Ciudad AutoÌün. B. Aires) ; 8(1): 4-4, ene. 2022. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1406445

ABSTRACT

Resumen La movilidad educacional intergeneracional (MEI), entendida como la asociación del nivel educacional alcanzado por los padres con relación al nivel educacional alcanzado por hijos, se presenta como un concepto que ha alcanzado relevancia en la investigación social durante el último tiempo. Diferentes estudios lo han utilizado para caracterizar los procesos de expansión de los sistemas educacionales contemporáneos, así como para comprender la evolución del fenómeno de la desigualdad educacional. Sin embargo, se ha utilizado mayormente como un indicador dentro los análisis. En este artículo proponemos una reflexión del concepto de movilidad educacional intergeneracional en tanto concepto teórico-sociológico que permite reflexionar sobre los procesos de determinismo social, en la línea de los trabajos que prolongan conceptos como el de habitus. Para lograr este propósito, este artículo se desarrolla de la siguiente manera. En primer lugar, se presenta el concepto de movilidad educacional intergeneracional y su influencia en tanto indicador de igualdad y referente de la movilidad social. En segundo lugar, se relaciona esta movilidad social con los conceptos de habitus y campo académico, además de poner en evidencia las trayectorias que rompen con el esquema de reproducción social; el llamado milagro sociológico. En tercer lugar, se examinan los elementos de aculturación y asimilación que se ponen en marcha en el proceso de migración y movilidad social. Por último, presentamos la relación entre los distintos factores de facilitación y obstaculización con los conceptos tratados.


Abstract Intergenerational educational mobility, understood as the association of the educational level attained by parents in relation to the educational level attained by their children, is a concept that has gained relevance in social research in recent times. Different studies have used it to characterize the expansion processes of contemporary educational systems, as well as to understand the evolution of the phenomenon of educational inequality. However, it has been used mostly as an indicator within the analysis. In this article we propose a reflection on the concept of intergenerational educational mobility as a theoretical-sociological concept that allows us to reflect on the processes of social determinism, along the lines of works that extend concepts such as habitus. To achieve this purpose, this article is developed as follows. First, the concept of intergenerational educational mobility and its influence as an indicator of equality and a referent of social mobility is presented. Secondly, this social mobility is related to the concepts of habitus and academic field, in addition to highlighting the trajectories that break with the scheme of social reproduction; the so-called sociological miracle. Thirdly, we examine the elements of acculturation and assimilation that are set in motion in the process of migration and social mobility. Finally, we present the relationship between the various facilitating and hindering factors with the concepts discussed.

9.
Chinese Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism ; (12): 913-918, 2022.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-957633

ABSTRACT

Fetal programming refers to as the process that organ structures and related functions undergo programming at the embryo and fetus phase. Any stimulus and injuries during embryo and fetal development can lead to changes in multiple fetal organs. Among them, maternal obesity is an important factor. This work reviews the data from recent animal models and human regarding the effects of maternal obesity on fetal programming, with a particular focus on the mechanisms and reversal strategies.

10.
Frontiers of Medicine ; (4): 176-184, 2022.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-929190

ABSTRACT

Studies of human and mammalian have revealed that environmental exposure can affect paternal health conditions as well as those of the offspring. However, studies that explore the mechanisms that meditate this transmission are rare. Recently, small noncoding RNAs (sncRNAs) in sperm have seemed crucial to this transmission due to their alteration in sperm in response to environmental exposure, and the methodology of microinjection of isolated total RNA or sncRNAs or synthetically identified sncRNAs gradually lifted the veil of sncRNA regulation during intergenerational inheritance along the male line. Hence, by reviewing relevant literature, this study intends to answer the following research concepts: (1) paternal environmental factors that can be passed on to offspring and are attributed to spermatozoal sncRNAs, (2) potential role of paternal spermatozoal sncRNAs during the intergenerational inheritance process, and (3) the potential mechanism by which spermatozoal sncRNAs meditate intergenerational inheritance. In summary, increased attention highlights the hidden wonder of spermatozoal sncRNAs during intergenerational inheritance. Therefore, in the future, more studies should focus on the origin of RNA alteration, the target of RNA regulation, and how sncRNA regulation during embryonic development can be sustained even in adult offspring.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Humans , Male , Pregnancy , Environmental Exposure , Epigenesis, Genetic , Mammals/genetics , RNA, Small Untranslated/genetics , Spermatozoa
11.
Chinese Journal of School Health ; (12): 1189-1192, 2022.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-940250

ABSTRACT

Objective@#To explore dynamics of parenting styles of adolescents from 1999 to 2019 from the perspective of intergenerational conflict, to provide support for family education and adolescent healthy development.@*Methods@#Using a multistage stratified cluster random sampling method, the unified questionnaire was administered to 2 590 students in the same sampling junior and senior high schools in 1999, 2009, and 2019 using the Egna Minnen av Barndoms Uppfostran own memories of parental rearing practices in childhood(EMBU).@*Results@#Overall there were differences in the nine factors of parenting styles across generations ( F = 12.07-72.52, P <0.01), with decreasing ratings of warmth and understanding of father and mother (F1, M1), over interference of father (F3) over generations(F1:46.72±9.41, 45.87±11.33, 43.61±11.27; M1:51.56±9.38, 51.03±11.59, 46.23± 12.27 ; F3:19.03±4.00, 18.29±4.32, 17.95±4.51), and all other parenting styles rated higher in 2019 than in 2009 and 1999(except for the over protection and over interference of mother, and punishment, firm control of mother). Parenting styles across generations (except for the rejection and denial of father among girls) showed gender difference.The overall gender trend coincided with the total population trend. Parenting styles across generations varied significantly among middle and high school students( F =3.92-47.27, P <0.05 ), changes in F1 and F3 factors coincided with the overall decreasing trend. Factor analysis showed that parenting styles could be classified into two dimensions, with varied factor loading across generation.@*Conclusion@#Intergenerational decreases in parental emotional warmth and paternal interfering are observed in a sex and grade specific manner. Based on the diversity of needs and population differentiation, optimal intervention for comprehensive health development of adolescents are in great need to keep pace with the times and promoting the high quality development of adolescents.

12.
Chinese Journal of School Health ; (12): 1121-1125, 2022.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-940033

ABSTRACT

Abstract@#The impact of parental adverse childhood experiences on offspring health has become a heated issue after evaluating the role of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) in individual s physical and mental health. The current study reviews the impact of parental ACEs on childrens health from the perspective of intergenerational effects, and explores their potential psychosocial and biological mechanisms. Future research topics are proposed and early interventions are encouraged to interrupt the intergenerational cycle of victimization and health problems.

13.
Rev. bras. educ. espec ; 28: e0093, 2022. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1351691

ABSTRACT

RESUMO: A literatura consagrou a importância de suporte e de atitudes solidárias na vida de pessoas que enfrentam adversidades. Nesse sentido, este estudo objetivou identificar e discutir o fenômeno da solidariedade intergeracional entre mães e avós de crianças com deficiência em uma amostra brasileira. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, de caráter quantitativo. Os dados foram coletados com 76 participantes: díades de avós e mães de crianças com deficiência que apresentam dependência de adultos no cotidiano. Instrumentos de autorrelato foram administrados individualmente para apreender dimensões da relação intergeracional, de ambivalência e maturidade das mães e das avós. Os resultados indicam que a ambivalência intergeracional é a dimensão com valores mais baixos nas mães, mas uma das dimensões com valores mais elevados nas avós, juntamente à maturidade parental. Algumas implicações podem ser retiradas para a necessidade de levar em consideração a riqueza e a complexidade existente na reciprocidade das relações intergeracionais no geral e, em particular, entre cuidadoras de crianças com elevado nível de dependência. As intervenções, que visem colaborar para a coesão e bem-estar dessas famílias, devem considerar o papel desempenhado não só pela mãe e pelo pai, como cuidadores principais, mas também pelos avós, atendendo tanto ao apoio que prestam como às suas próprias necessidades de apoio, de informação e de autonomia. Estudos futuros podem tentar esclarecer, do ponto de vista qualitativo e quantitativo, essas relações diádicas, assim como introduzir outros indicadores de risco e de ajustamento adicionais, como outras pessoas que podem ser fontes de apoio, sejam ou não membros da família biológica.


ABSTRACT: Literature has established the importance of support and solidary attitudes in the lives of people facing adversity. In this sense, this study aimed to identify and discuss the phenomenon of intergenerational solidarity between mothers and grandmothers of children with disabilities in a Brazilian sample. This is a descriptive, quantitative study. Data were collected from 76 participants: dyads of grandmothers and mothers of children with disabilities who are dependent on adults in their daily lives. Self-report instruments were administered individually to apprehend dimensions of the intergenerational relationship, ambivalence and maturity of mothers and grandmothers. The results indicate that intergenerational ambivalence is the dimension with the lowest values in mothers, but one of the dimensions with the highest values in grandmothers, together with parental maturity. Some implications can be drawn from the need to take into account the richness and complexity existing in the reciprocity of intergenerational relationships in general and, in particular, between caregivers of children with a high level of dependency. Interventions aimed at contributing to the cohesion and well-being of these families must consider the role played not only by the mother and father, as the main caregivers, but also by the grandparents, attending both the support they provide and their own needs support, information and autonomy. Future studies may try to clarify, from a qualitative and quantitative point of view, these dyadic relationships, as well as to introduce other additional risk and adjustment indicators, such as other people who can be sources of support, whether or not they are members of the biological family.

14.
Rev. bras. estud. popul ; 39: e0192, 2022. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1365650

ABSTRACT

O presente estudo busca identificar o impacto da estrutura familiar (biparentais e uniparentais) sobre a dinâmica educacional intergeracional e a acumulação de capital humano. Foram utilizados os microdados da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílio (PNAD) de 2014. A dinâmica educacional intergeracional foi analisada a partir de matrizes de transição e de processos de Markov. As diferenças de acumulação de capital humano entre as categorias de estruturas familiares foram investigadas a partir da decomposição de Blinder-Oaxaca. Os resultados indicam que ser dependente, do sexo feminino e residir na zona urbana são características associadas a uma maior mobilidade intergeracional de educação. O Nordeste se destaca como a região com menor mobilidade intergeracional educacional. A decomposição de Blinder-Oaxaca indica que, em média, as famílias uniparentais chefiadas por uma mulher possuem 0,5 ano de estudo a mais do que as uniparentais chefiadas pelo pai. Cerca de 74,2% dessa diferença é explicada pelo modelo estimado e a parte não explicada não possui significância estatística. Os resultados sugerem que a estrutura familiar afeta a dinâmica intergeracional de educação e a acumulação de capital humano dos indivíduos.


Objective. The present study seeks to identify the impact of the family structure (two-parent and one-parent) on the intergenerational educational dynamics and the accumulation of human capital. Method. The microdata from the National Household Sampling Survey (PNAD) of 2014 were used. The intergenerational educational dynamics was analyzed based on transition matrices and Markov processes. Differences in human capital accumulation between categories of family structures were investigated based on the Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition. Results. Results indicate that being dependent, female and living in the urban area are characteristics associated with greater intergenerational education mobility. The Northeast region stands out as the region with the lowest educational intergenerational mobility. The decomposition of Blinder-Oaxaca indicates that, on average, single-parent families headed by a woman have 0.5 years of study more than single-parent families headed by a father. About 74.2% of this difference is explained by the estimated model and the unexplained part has no statistical significance. Conclusion. Results suggest that the family structure affects the intergenerational dynamics of education and the accumulation of human capital of individuals.


Objetivo. El presente estudio busca identificar el impacto de la estructura familiar (biparental y monoparental) sobre la dinámica educativa intergeneracional y la acumulación de capital humano. Método. Se utilizaron los microdatos de la Encuesta Nacional de Muestreo de Hogares (PNAD) de 2014. Se analizó la dinámica educativa intergeneracional a partir de matrices de transición y procesos de Markov. Las diferencias en la acumulación de capital humano entre categorías de estructuras familiares se investigaron con base en la descomposición Blinder-Oaxaca. Resultados. Los resultados indican que ser dependiente, ser mujer y vivir en el área urbana son características asociadas a una mayor movilidad educativa intergeneracional. La nordestina se destaca como la región con menor movilidad educativa intergeneracional. La descomposición de Blinder-Oaxaca indica que, en promedio, las familias monoparentales encabezadas por una mujer tienen 0,5 años de estudio más que las familias monoparentales encabezadas por el padre. Aproximadamente el 74,2 % de esta diferencia se explica por el modelo estimado y la parte inexplicada no tiene significación estadística. Conclusión. Los resultados sugieren que la estructura familiar afecta la dinámica intergeneracional de la educación y la acumulación de capital humano de los individuos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Family Characteristics , Markov Chains , Educational Status , Social Capital , Parent-Child Relations , Socioeconomic Factors , Economic Indexes , Censuses
15.
Ter. psicol ; 39(3): 375-392, dic. 2021. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1390471

ABSTRACT

Resumen: Antecedentes: El maltrato infantil es uno de los desafíos más adversos y estresantes que enfrentan los niños y niñas, transmitiéndose sus efectos nocivos de generación en generación. La literatura a dado cuenta de factores protectores que contribuyen a la interrupción del ciclo intergeneracional de maltrato. Objetivo: Realizar una revisión sistemática de la literatura, que permita identificar factores protectores frente a la transmisión intergeneracional del maltrato infantil, integrando aquellos provenientes de la línea de investigación del trauma. Método: Se realizó una revisión sistemática, buscando literatura en las bases de datos Pubmed y Web of Science, incluyendo los términos moderador, factores protectores, maltrato, abuso y transmisión intergeneracional. Resultados: Luego del tamizaje y selección, se revisaron 21 artículos que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. Se encontraron factores protectores, organizándolos en cuatro categorías: nivel individual, nivel relacional, nivel social y relativo al trauma. Los resultados cuantitativos se complementaron con resultados de estudios cualitativos. Conclusiones: Existen factores protectores en distintos niveles de la ecología del individuo que deben considerarse en el diseño de programas de prevención e intervención para el maltrato infantil. Es necesario seguir profundizando el conocimiento que se tiene de ellos, fortaleciendo la calidad metodológica de los estudios que los investigan.


Abstract: Background: Child abuse is one of the most adverse and stressful challenges faced by boys and girls, its harmful effects being transmitted from generation to generation. The literature has recognized protective factors that contribute to the interruption of the intergenerational cycle of abuse. Objetive: Carry out a systematic review of the literature, in order to identify protective factors against the intergenerational transmission of child maltreatment, integrating those from the research of trauma theory. Method: The global literature in PubMed and Web of Science was searched. Search terms included buffer, protective factors, maltreatment, abuse, and intergenerational transmission. Results: After the screening and selection, twenty-one articles that met the inclusion criteria were reviewed. Tables and figures were created to highlight the findings. Protective factors were found and organized into the following categories: individual level, relational level, social level, and related to trauma. The quantitative results are complemented with results from qualitative studies. Conclusions: There are protective factors at different levels of the individual's ecology that must be considered in the design of prevention and intervention programs for child abuse. It is necessary to continue deepening the knowledge on these factors, strengthening the methodological quality of the studies that investigate them.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child Welfare , Intergenerational Relations
16.
Rev. enferm. UERJ ; 29: e62723, jan.-dez. 2021.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1354374

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: identificar atitudes das crianças em relação aos idosos. Método: foi realizado um estudo quantitativo, descritivo, exploratório e correlacional. Resultados: a população de crianças entre os 3 e os 10 anos. A recolha de dados com alguns dados sociodemográficos da escala "Galvão" é aplicada na população portuguesa. Amostra com 109 crianças entre os 3 e os 10 anos, nacionalidade portuguesa e residentes em Portugal. Os resultados mostraram que em média as crianças (24%) apresentam atitude positiva em relação aos idosos. Este valor esteve próximo do ponto médio da escala (28%), que os coloca numa atitude moderada. Conclusão: as crianças apresentaram atitudes mais positivas para com os idosos, embora com alguma inconsistência em algumas dimensões. Pode tornar-se uma contribuição importante para a análise de estereótipos sobre o envelhecimento. É importante ser capaz de intervir nas atitudes das crianças em relação aos idosos, ajudando as crianças a compreender as mudanças normais de envelhecimento.


Objective: to identify children's attitudes towards the elderly. Methods: a quantitative, descriptive, exploratory, correlational study was conducted. Results: the study population was children from 3 to 10 years old. Sociodemographic data were collected and a Galvão scale, validated for the population of Portugal, was applied. The convenience sample comprised 109 children from 3 to 10 years old, of Portuguese nationality and resident in Portugal. On average, the children were found to have a 24% positive attitude towards the elderly. This value was close to the midpoint of the scale (28%), rating their attitude as moderate. Conclusion: the children's attitudes towards the elderly were predominantly positive, although with inconsistency in some dimensions. This study may become an important contribution to the analysis of stereotypes about aging. It is important to be able to influence children's attitudes towards the elderly and help them understand the normal changes of aging.


Objetivo: identificar actitudes de niños hacia los ancianos. Método: se realizó un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, exploratorio y correlacional. Resultados: la población estudiada fue de niños entre 3 y 10 años. La recolección con algunos datos sociodemográficos, aplicación de la escala "Galvão" se aplicó en la población portuguesa. La muestra era compuesta por 109 niños entre 3 y 10 años, de nacionalidad portuguesa y residentes en Portugal. Los resultados han demostrado que en promedio los niños (24%) presentan una actitud positiva respecto a los ancianos. Este valor estuvo cerca del punto medio de la escala (28%), lo que los pone en una actitud moderada. Conclusión: los niños presentaron actitudes más positivas hacia los ancianos, aunque con cierta inconsistencia en algunas dimensiones. Esta investigación puede convertirse en una importante contribución para analizar los estereotipos sobre el envejecimiento. Es importante ser capaz de intervenir en las actitudes de los niños, ayudándolos a comprender los cambios normales del envejecimiento.

17.
Pensando fam ; 25(2): 239-255, dez. 2021. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1346656

ABSTRACT

A violência intrafamiliar, sendo considerada como um problema de saúde pública indica a necessidade de estudos e intervenções voltadas para mudanças na maneira de pensar e conduzir as relações entre as pessoas. Esta pesquisa consistiu em um estudo qualitativo com o objetivo de compreender os aspectos intergeracionais de famílias em situação de violência. Participaram doze famílias com filhos de um a dez anos. Utilizou-se um roteiro de entrevista elaborado para esta pesquisa, baseado em instrumentos sobre táticas de resolução de conflitos e sobre funcionamento familiar. A entrevista foi utilizada para a elaboração dos genogramas, abordando temas como conflitos conjugais e parentais, bem como a conjugalidade dos pais dos entrevistados e as práticas intergeracionais. Os genogramas foram construídos por meio do programa genopro. Os resultados apontaram que nas relações representadas houve episódios de conflitos, retratando a violência dentro daquele meio, sendo possível identificar a transmissão intergeracional da violência presente nestes casos.


Intrafamily violence, being considered a public health problem, indicates the need for studies and interventions aimed at changes in the way of thinking and conducting relationships between people. This research consisted of a qualitative study with the objective of understanding the intergenerational aspects of families in situations of violence. Twelve families with children from one to ten years participated. An interview script designed for this research was used, based on instruments on conflict resolution tactics and family functioning. The interview was used to prepare the genograms, addressing topics such as marital and parental conflicts, as well as the conjugality of the interviewees' parents and intergenerational practices. The genograms were constructed using the genopro program. The results showed that in the relationships represented, there were episodes of conflict, portraying violence within that environment, making it possible to identify the intergenerational transmission of violence present in these cases.

18.
Rev. enferm. UERJ ; 29: e62723, jan.-dez. 2021. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1365799

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo identificar atitudes das crianças em relação aos idosos. Método foi realizado um estudo quantitativo, descritivo, exploratório e correlacional. Resultados a população de crianças entre os 3 e os 10 anos. A recolha de dados com alguns dados sociodemográficos da escala "Galvão" é aplicada na população portuguesa. Amostra com 109 crianças entre os 3 e os 10 anos, nacionalidade portuguesa e residentes em Portugal. Os resultados mostraram que em média as crianças (24%) apresentam atitude positiva em relação aos idosos. Este valor esteve próximo do ponto médio da escala (28%), que os coloca numa atitude moderada. Conclusão as crianças apresentaram atitudes mais positivas para com os idosos, embora com alguma inconsistência em algumas dimensões. Pode tornar-se uma contribuição importante para a análise de estereótipos sobre o envelhecimento. É importante ser capaz de intervir nas atitudes das crianças em relação aos idosos, ajudando as crianças a compreender as mudanças normais de envelhecimento.


RESUMEN Objetivo identificar actitudes de niños hacia los ancianos. Método se realizó un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, exploratorio y correlacional. Resultados la población estudiada fue de niños entre 3 y 10 años. La recolección con algunos datos sociodemográficos, aplicación de la escala "Galvão" se aplicó en la población portuguesa. La muestra era compuesta por 109 niños entre 3 y 10 años, de nacionalidad portuguesa y residentes en Portugal. Los resultados han demostrado que en promedio los niños (24%) presentan una actitud positiva respecto a los ancianos. Este valor estuvo cerca del punto medio de la escala (28%), lo que los pone en una actitud moderada. Conclusión los niños presentaron actitudes más positivas hacia los ancianos, aunque con cierta inconsistencia en algunas dimensiones. Esta investigación puede convertirse en una importante contribución para analizar los estereotipos sobre el envejecimiento. Es importante ser capaz de intervenir en las actitudes de los niños, ayudándolos a comprender los cambios normales del envejecimiento.


ABSTRACT Objective to identify children's attitudes towards the elderly. Methods a quantitative, descriptive, exploratory, correlational study was conducted. Results the study population was children from 3 to 10 years old. Sociodemographic data were collected and a Galvão scale, validated for the population of Portugal, was applied. The convenience sample comprised 109 children from 3 to 10 years old, of Portuguese nationality and resident in Portugal. On average, the children were found to have a 24% positive attitude towards the elderly. This value was close to the midpoint of the scale (28%), rating their attitude as moderate. Conclusion the children's attitudes towards the elderly were predominantly positive, although with inconsistency in some dimensions. This study may become an important contribution to the analysis of stereotypes about aging. It is important to be able to influence children's attitudes towards the elderly and help them understand the normal changes of aging.

19.
Psicol. clín ; 33(1): 13-33, jan.-abr. 2021.
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1250511

ABSTRACT

This research is part of a broader study concerning siblings and the family network. Its objective was to investigate care among siblings and the repercussions of generational transmission on the sibling group. It employed clinical-qualitative methodology, centered on preliminary clinical interviews with families during the family assessment period. Clinical data were gathered at the Applied Psychology Service of a private university in Rio de Janeiro. The 14 families who took part in the study had the following configurations: four married-couple families, four stepfamilies, three single-parent families and three separated-parent families. We observed that both reduced parental investment and excessive family-care workload made it difficult to establish a more health-promoting parent-child relationship, often leading to the parentification of one or more of the children, with the assignment of parental functions to them. Flaws in the psychic assimilation of elements of generational transmission also influence in the creation of sibling bonds, inhibiting the development of family ties of solidarity and the establishment of healthy care practices among siblings.


Este estudo faz parte de uma pesquisa mais ampla sobre fratrias e rede familiar. Teve-se como objetivo investigar o cuidado entre irmãos e repercussões da transmissão geracional na fratria. Utilizou-se metodologia clínico-qualitativa, centrada em entrevistas clínicas preliminares com famílias no período de avaliação familiar. Os dados clínicos foram coletados no Serviço de Psicologia Aplicada de uma universidade privada carioca. Participaram da pesquisa 14 famílias, com as seguintes configurações: quatro casadas, quatro recasadas, três monoparentais e três separadas. Constatou-se que tanto o reduzido investimento parental quanto a sobrecarga nos cuidados familiares dificultam o estabelecimento de uma relação parento-filial mais promotora de saúde, muitas vezes levando à parentalização de um ou mais filhos, com atribuição de funções parentais a eles. Falhas na apropriação psíquica de elementos da transmissão geracional também repercutem na constituição do vínculo fraterno, dificultando a construção de laços familiares solidários e o estabelecimento de práticas salutares de cuidado entre os irmãos.


Este estudio es parte de una investigación más amplia sobre fratrías y redes familiares. El objetivo fue investigar el cuidado entre hermanos y las repercusiones de la transmisión generacional en la fratría. Se utilizó metodología clínico-cualitativa, centrada en entrevistas clínicas preliminares a las familias durante el período de evaluación familiar. Los datos clínicos se recolectaron en el Servicio de Psicología Aplicada de una universidad privada en Rio de Janeiro. Catorce familias participaron en la investigación, con las siguientes configuraciones: cuatro casadas, cuatro vueltas a casar, tres monoparentales y tres separados. Se encontró que tanto la menor inversión de los padres como la sobrecarga por los cuidados con la familia dificultan el establecimiento de una relación entre padres e hijos que promueva la salud, lo que a menudo conduce a la crianza de uno o más hijos con atribución de las funciones parentales a ellos. Las fallas en la apropiación psíquica de elementos de transmisión generacional también inciden en la constitución de un vínculo fraterno, dificultando la construcción de lazos familiares solidarios y el establecimiento de prácticas de cuidado saludable entre los hermanos.

20.
Journal of Central South University(Medical Sciences) ; (12): 511-520, 2021.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-880689

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES@#The Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China put forward the idea of "promoting the equalization of basic public services". The utilization of basic public health services by the floating population is an important indicator to measure the equalization of basic public health services. This study aims to understand the intergenerational differences in the utilization of basic public health services between the older generation and the new generation of floating population, and to analyze the influential factors.@*METHODS@#We employed the personal questionnaire (A) of the national health and family planning dynamic monitoring survey on floating population in 2017. Pearson Chi-square test, bi-grouping logistic regression, and Poisson regression were applied to analyze the basic situation of the floating population and the intergenerational differences in the use of basic public health services between the new and old generations.@*RESULTS@#The proportions of the new generation and the old generation who had established the residents' health records in the inflow area were 36.42% and 34.96%, respectively, with the significant difference (@*CONCLUSIONS@#Although the coverage of basic public health services for the two generations of floating population is obviously different, the utilization of basic public health services of the floating population is still at a low level both in the new generation and in the old generation. There is an urgent need to improve the utilization of public health services for the whole floating population according to the characteristics of generations.


Subject(s)
Humans , China/epidemiology , Educational Status , Health Services , Rural Population , Urban Population
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