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BACKGROUND: Posterolateral tibial plateau fracture is a special type of tibial plateau fracture. Because of its special anatomical location, there are many kinds of surgical approaches and implants used in the treatment in and outside China, but no consensus has been reached. OBJECTIVE: To summarize various surgical approaches and implants by analyzing the local anatomical structure and fracture types of the posterolateral tibial plateau. METHODS: The databases of Wanfang Medical Network, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and PubMed were searched by computer. Using the keywords of “tibial plateau fracture; posterolateral tibial plateau fracture; internal fixation; surgical approach” in Chinese and English. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 54 related articles were finally included and summarized. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There are local structures of common peroneal nerve, anterior tibial artery and fibular head on the posterolateral tibial plateau, which will affect the operation. The commonly used fracture types are Schatzker, AO/ATO, three-column classification systems and posterior column 4 zone. Posterior column 4 zone has a more definite guiding effect on posterolateral tibial plateau fractures. There are many kinds of surgical approaches and internal plants for the treatment of posterolateral tibial plateau fractures, and the optimal selection should be made according to the fracture characteristics. For simple posterolateral tibial plateau fractures, the posterolateral approach has a certain advantage over other approaches. Posterolateral supporting plate has a better supporting effect on posterolateral shear fracture of tibial plateau.
ABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: Evaluar a un año el resultado del uso de espaciadores dinámicos en listésis grado I de Meyerding utilizando la escala de incapacidad de Oswestry. MÉTODOS: Se revisa el historial electrónico y radiográfico de los pacientes según criterios en el período de enero 2008 a diciembre 2010, con el propósito de realizar un estudio de cohortes, retrospectivo, longitudinal y observacional. RESULTADOS: El Oswestry prequirúrgico fue de 3.4% leve, 55.2% moderado y 41.4% severo; mientras que el posquirúrgico fue de 79.3% leve y 20.7% moderado. La cirugía realizada más común fue exploración y liberación con un 72.4%, presentando discectomía únicamente el 27.6%. Los pacientes presentaron dolor irradiado a miembro pélvico derecho en el 37.9%, miembro pélvico izquierdo 44.8% y a ambos miembros pélvicos en un 17.2%. Se presentó dolor posquirúrgico irradiado a miembro pélvico únicamente en el 2.4% siendo que el 100% de los casos presentaron algún tipo de dolor irradiado. Se utilizó espaciador DIAM en 79.3% y Wallis en 20.7% CONCLUSIONES: El tratamiento con espaciador interespinoso presenta un bajo índice de reintervención y por lo menos a un año presenta mejoría significativa en el índice de incapacidad.
OBJETIVO: Avaliar o resultado em ano do uso de espaçadores dinâmicos em listese de grau I de Meyerding, utilizando a escala de incapacidade de Oswestry. MÉTODOS: Foi revisado o prontuário eletrônico e as radiografias dos pacientes, de acordo com os critérios, no período de janeiro de 2008 a dezembro de 2010, visando realizar um estudo de coortes, retrospectivo, longitudinal e observacional. RESULTADOS: O índice de Oswestry pré-cirúrgico foi de 3,4% leves, 55,2% moderados e 41,4% graves, enquanto o pós-cirúrgico foi de 79,3% leves e 20,7% moderados. A cirurgia mais realizada foi exploração e liberação, em 72,4%, sendo que 27,6% apresentaram apenas discectomia. Os pacientes tinham dor irradiada para o membro inferior direito em 37.9%, para o membro inferior esquerdo em 44,8% e para ambos os membros inferiores, em 17,2%. Verificou-se dor pós-operatória irradiada para o membro inferior só em 2,4%, sendo que 100% dos casos tinham algum tipo de dor irradiada. Foi empregado o espaçador DIAM em 79.3% e o Wallis em 20.7% CONCLUSÕES: O tratamento com espaçador interespinhoso apresenta baixo índice de re-intervenção e pelo menos em um ano, apresenta melhora significante do índice de incapacidade.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate one-year results of using dynamic spacers in listhesis grade I of Meyerding using Oswestry Disability Index. METHODS: The disability scale review was based in the electronic and radiographic history of patients according to criteria in the period from January 2008 to December 2010, in order to conduct a cohort study, retrospective, longitudinal, and observational. RESULTS: The Oswestry index before surgery was 3.4% mild, 55.2% moderate and severe 41.4%, while the postoperative was 79.3% mild and 20.7% moderate. The most common surgery performed was exploration and release in 72.4%, and only 27.6% had discectomy. Patients had pain radiating to right lower limb in 37.9%, to the left lower limb in 44.8% and to both lower extremities in 17.2%. Pain radiating to the lower limb after surgery was found only in 2.4%, and 100% of the cases had some type of radiating pain. The DIAM interspinous implant was used in 79.3%, and the Wallis in 20.7%. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with interspinous spacer has a low rate of reoperation and at least during one year presented significant improvement in the rate of disability.