ABSTRACT
A educação escolar tem considerável atuação na formação de subjetividades e, nesse âmbito, o trabalho educativo opera na manutenção-transformação de atitudes pautadas em preconceitos e estereótipos de gênero e sexualidade. Essas atitudes encontram-se presentes no cotidiano das escolas e, não raro, são motivadoras de conflitos nas relações entre os sujeitos que ali se encontram. Apostando no importante papel que a escola tem para a desconstrução de preconceitos e rótulos, apresentamos o relato de experiência de um licenciando em História, que usou de oficina pedagógica como ferramenta para mediação de conflitos causados por estereótipos de gênero e sexualidade. A partir da experiência reflexiva desse estudante, em diálogo com a teoria queer e com autores que discutem a resolução de conflitos e a aplicação de oficinas pedagógicas, indicamos como os conflitos interpessoais podem ser oportunidades importantes para o aprendizado de atitudes e valores democráticos e para a formação ética dos estudantes, assim como demonstramos que oficinas pedagógicas se apresentam como ferramentas bastante adequadas para esse trabalho.
School education has a considerable role in the formation of subjectivities, and in this context educational work operates in the maintenance-transformation of attitudes based on prejudices and stereotypes of gender and sexuality. These attitudes are present in the daily life of schools and, not infrequently, are motivators of conflicts in the relationships between their subjects. Supported on the important role that school has for deconstructing prejudices and labels, we present the experience report of a graduate student in history, who used a pedagogical workshop as a tool to mediate conflicts caused by gender and sexuality stereotypes. Based on this student's reflective experience, in dialogue with queer theory and with authors who discuss conflict resolution and the application of pedagogical workshops, we indicate how interpersonal conflicts can be important opportunities for learning democratic attitudes and values and for ethical training of students, as well as demonstrating that pedagogical workshops present themselves as quite adequate tools for this work.
La educación escolar tiene un papel considerable en la formación de subjetividades, y, en este contexto, el trabajo educativo opera en el mantenimiento-transformación de actitudes basadas en prejuicios y estereotipos de género y sexualidad. Estas actitudes están presentes en la vida diaria de las escuelas y, con poca frecuencia, son motivadoras de conflictos en las relaciones entre los sujetos que están allí. Apostando por el importante papel que tiene la escuela para deconstruir prejuicios y etiquetas, presentamos el informe de experiencia de un estudiante graduado en historia, que utilizó un taller pedagógico como una herramienta para mediar conflictos causados por estereotipos de género y sexualidad. Con base en la experiencia reflexiva de este estudiante, en diálogo con la teoría queer y con los autores que discuten la resolución de conflictos y la aplicación de talleres pedagógicos, indicamos cómo los conflictos interpersonales pueden ser oportunidades importantes para aprender actitudes y valores democráticos y para formación ética de los estudiantes, así como demostrar que los talleres pedagógicos se presentan como herramientas bastante adecuadas para este trabajo.
Subject(s)
Gender Identity , Interpersonal Relations , Prejudice , Psychology, Social , Social Support , SexualityABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Presenteeism refers to the phenomenon of working while sick. Its development can be attributed to not only somatic symptoms but also underlying social agreements and workplace atmosphere. In this study, we analyzed presenteeism among workers from various industries, focusing on job-related stress with stratification on the presence of depression. METHODS: We conducted the study with data from questionnaires filled in by different enterprises enrolled in the Federation of Korean Trade Unions. Workers' depressive symptoms were investigated using the Patient Health Questionnaire-2, while questions on job-related stress and presenteeism were derived from the short form of the Korean Occupational Stress Scale and the official Korean version of the Work-Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire-General Health, respectively. Multilevel logistic analysis was conducted to determine the statistical differences derived from the differences between companies. RESULTS: In total, 930 participants (753 men and 177 women) from 59 enterprises participated in the research. We conducted multilevel logistic regression to determine the association between the variables and presenteeism, with stratification by the presence of depression. Higher job demands and higher interpersonal conflict showed significantly elevated odds ratios (ORs) in univariate models and in the multivariate multilevel model. In the final model of total population, fully adjusted by general and work-related characteristics, higher job demands (OR: 3.29, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.08–5.21) and interpersonal conflict (OR: 1.87, 95% CI: 1.29–2.71) had significantly higher ORs—a tendency that remained in participants without depression. CONCLUSIONS: This study reflected the factors associated with presenteeism among workers from various enterprises. The findings revealed that job-related stress was closely related to presenteeism in both the total population and in the population without depression. Thus, it emphasized interventions for managing job stress among workers to reduce presenteeism in general workers' population.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Atmosphere , Depression , Labor Unions , Logistic Models , Odds Ratio , PresenteeismABSTRACT
Este artigo se propõe a analisar a compreensão de alunos adolescentes, na faixa de idade entre 12 e 16 anos, de uma escola pública e outra particular, sobre as razões promotoras do bullying, enfatizando o que sentem as testemunhas ao presenciarem essas situações. Quase 44% dos alunos da escola particular e aproximadamente 51,5% da escola pública revelaram preocupação para com aquele que está sendo agredido. Quanto às razões que levam o autor a agredir o alvo, sob a percepção da testemunha, 72% dos sujeitos da escola particular e 62% da escola pública consideram que o autor se “acha melhor” que os outros, e 53% da escola particular e 64,5% da escola pública indicam que ele quer ser mais popular.
This article aims to analyze the understanding of adolescent students in the age from 12 to 16 years, of a public school and one private school, about the promoting reasons for bullying, emphasizing what the witnesses feel when they witnessed these situations. Almost 44% of private school children and about 51.5% of the public school revealed concern for the one being assaulted. As for the reasons why the author would harm the target, in the perception of the witness, 72% of subjects in private schools and 62% of public school consider that the author “feels better” than others, and 53% of the private school and 64.5% of the public school indicate that he wants to be more popular.
Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la comprensión de los estudiantes adolescentes en el grupo de edad entre 12 y 16 años, qué están matriculados en una escuela pública y una privada, sobre la base de la promoción del bullying, haciendo hincapié en lo que los estudiantes se sienten cuando fueron testigos de estas situaciones. Casi 44% de los niños de las escuelas privadas y sobre 51,5% de la escuela pública reveló preocupación por la persona que estaba siendo agredida. Cuanto a las razones del autor para alcanzar el objetivo, en la percepción del testigo, 72% de los sujetos en las escuelas privadas y el 62% de la escuela pública consideran que el autor “se siente mejor” que otros, y alrededor del 53% de escuelas privadas y 64,5% de las escuelas públicas indican que él quiere ser más popular.