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Objective:To explore the effect of patient engagement on medication safety for patients with chronic disease through a systematic review.Methods:Relevant randomized controlled trials of patient engagement on medication safety were searched from PubMed, EMBASE, The Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang and VIP database. The literature was screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, and data extraction and literature quality evaluation was conducted on the selected literature.Results:A total of 15 eligible studies was included. Most of the studies occurred in outpatient and home settings, and the subjects were patients with chronic diseases. Patient engagement strategies can be divided into three categories: (1) patient engagement in medical decision-making; (2) patient engagement in medication adjustment; (3) patient engagement in medication management. The outcomes of medication safety included medication adherence, medication knowledge, medication beliefs, adverse events and medication errors. Intervention strategies for patients to actively engage in medication safety significantly improved patients′ medication knowledge and beliefs, but did not improve medication adherence of patients.Conclusion:Promoting patient active engagement is an effective intervention measure to improve patients ′ perception of medication safety. Due to the limited quality and quantity of the included studies, more high-quality studies are needed to verify the above conclusions.
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Objective:To investigate the influencing factors of anxiety and depression in patients with secondary lower extremity deep venous thrombosis (LEDVT) after radical cervical cancer surgery.Methods:Retrospective analysis method was used, a total of 92 patients with anxiety and/or depression secondary to LEDVT after radical cervical cancer surgery admitted to the People′s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from June 2019 to June 2022 were included as the observation group, according to the presence of anxiety or depression, they were divided into anxiety group (65 cases) and depression group (58 cases) (some patients had both anxiety and depression). Another 90 patients who did not have anxiety or depression after radical cervical cancer surgery with secondary LEDVT were selected as the control group in the same period. The questionnaires of clinical data and disease cognition were designed to investigate the clinical data and disease cognition of patients, social support rating scale (SSRS) was used to assess the level of social support of patients, and univariate analysis was performed to identify the influencing factors of depression and anxiety in patients with secondary LEDVT after radical cervical cancer surgery.Results:The percentage of patients with self-pay, no children, unemployed or jobless, monthly family income <5 000 CNY, less social support, and disease awareness <80 scores in the anxiety group and depression group (36.92%, 67.69%, 69.23%, 66.15%, 46.15%, 70.77% and 34.48%, 68.97%, 72.41%, 65.52%, 44.83%, 68.97%) were higher than the control group (14.44%, 40.00%, 33.33%, 32.22%, 11.11%, 23.33%) (all P<0.01). The percentage of mixed thrombus, central thrombus, peripheral thrombus, bilateral thrombus, right thrombus, and left thrombus in the anxiety group and depression group (30.77%, 20.00%, 49.23%, 16.92%, 35.38%, 47.69% and 32.76%, 15.52%, 51.72%, 12.07%, 37.93%, 50.00%) were not significantly different from those in the control group (32.22%, 17.78%, 50.00%, 10.00%, 36.67%, 53.33%) (all P>0.05). Univariate analysis showed that self-pay, unemployed or jobless, no children, monthly family income <5 000 CNY, less social support, and disease awareness <80 scores were correlated with depression and anxiety status in patients with secondary LEDVT after radical cervical cancer surgery (all P<0.01). Conclusion:Depression and anxiety in patients with secondary LEDVT after radical cervical cancer surgery are related to self-pay, unemployed or jobless, no children, low monthly family income, less social support, and low disease awareness.
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Lipid-based nanocarrier is a classic drug delivery system with great biocompatibility and biodegradability. It can effectively reduce the toxicity of anti-tumor and anti-infective drugs in clinical practice. However, it has not yet met the clinical demand for enhanced therapeutic efficacy, and the clinical application is still very limited. The complex in vivo delivery process of lipid-based nanomedicine and the reciprocal interactions with body lead to unexpected changes in in vivo performance of nanomedicine and seriously hinder clinical translation. Therefore, the in-depth study of the relationships among intrinsic properties of lipid-based nanomedicine, the in vivo delivery process, and the regulatory mechanisms will not only provide guidance for the rational design of nanocarriers, but also promote the clinical translation and precision medicine of new lipid-based nanomedicine. In this review, we summarize the in vivo delivery process, regulating factors and intervention strategies for the in vivo delivery of lipid-based nanomedicine.
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Introducción: La atención médica integral al trabajador constituye una prioridad para el sistema de salud cubano. Estudios orientados hacia la introducción de mejoras en el desempeño profesional del médico especialista en Medicina General Integral coinciden en la conveniencia de considerar vías y procedimientos para optimizar, en el proceso formativo de estos profesionales, los contenidos cognitivos, procedimentales y axiológicos vinculados a la atención médica integral al trabajador. Objetivo: Evaluar la pertinencia de una estrategia de intervención para el mejoramiento del desempeño del médico especialista en Medicina General Integral en la atención médica integral al trabajador. Métodos: Durante la investigación se aplicaron métodos teóricos como el análisis y la síntesis, el histórico-lógico y la sistematización; entre los empíricos se emplearon la revisión de documentos, la entrevista, la observación participante y la consulta a expertos. Se utilizaron métodos matemático-estadísticos para el procesamiento de la información. Resultados: Se evidenciaron nodos integradores que contribuían al mejoramiento del desempeño del especialista en Medicina General Integral, y a la formación interdisciplinaria de una amplia y avanzada cultura científica para la atención médica integral al trabajador. Conclusiones: Las acciones conclusivas corroboraron la pertinencia y el elevado nivel de contribución de la estrategia de intervención empleada para el mejoramiento del desempeño del especialista en Medicina General Integral en la atención médica integral al trabajador, en correspondencia con el objetivo propuesto(AU)
Introduction: Comprehensive occupational medical care is a priority for the Cuban health system. Studies oriented towards the introduction of improvements into the professional performance of the physician specialized in family and community medicine agree on the convenience of considering ways and procedures to optimize, in the training process of these professionals, the cognitive, procedural and axiological contents related to comprehensive occupational medical care. Objective: To assess the relevance of an intervention strategy for improving the performance of the physician specialized in family and community medicine for comprehensive occupational medical care. Methods: During the research, theoretical methods such as analysis and synthesis, the historical-logical method and systematization were applied; among the empirical methods, document review, interview, participant observation and expert consultation were used. Mathematical-statistical methods were used to process the information. Results: Integrative nodes were evidenced that contributed to the improvement of the performance of the family and community medicine specialist, as well as to the interdisciplinary formation of a broad and advanced scientific culture as part of comprehensive occupational medical care. Conclusions: The conclusive actions corroborated the relevance and high level of contribution of the intervention strategy used for the improvement of the performance of the family and community medicine specialist concerning comprehensive occupational medical care, in correspondence with the proposed objective(AU)
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Humans , Medical Care , General Practice , Occupational Health Services , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Retrospective Studies , Longitudinal StudiesABSTRACT
Fall efficacy is an important index reflecting the confidence and belief degree of individuals who do not fall in daily activities. Parkinson disease is a common neurodegenerative disease. Due to the deterioration of balance and other functions, the overall fall efficacy level is generally poor, which not only restricts the daily social interaction, but also further degrades the body function, and ultimately leads to the patients′ falling more easily, increased disability and decreased overall quality of life. This paper reviewed the concept, measurement tools, research status, influencing factors and intervention of fall efficacy in patients with Parkinson disease, and pointed out the existing problems and future directions, aiming to provide reference for further research on fall efficacy in patients with Parkinson disease in China.
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Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world, and its incidence and mortality are among the top three of all malignant tumors. In recent years, CRC is becoming more common in younger patients. Currently, surgery is the main or first treatment of early stage CRC, however, up to 50% patients have recurrence and metastasis post-surgery. While chemotherapy and radiotherapy are often used as adjuvant treatment after surgery or as main treatment options for late stage CRC, they usually induce severe adverse effects. Safe and effective treatments for CRC are still lacking. Therefore, it is essential to discover new therapies for CRC. Neuropilin 1 (NRP1), as a transmembrane glycoprotein, is reported to highly express in CRC, and its overexpression is demonstrated to be closely related to the occurrence and development of CRC. NRP1 is involved in angiogenesis, tumor growth, autophagy, and lipid metabolism, which is expected to be a potential new target for the treatment of CRC. This paper reviews the role of NRP1 in CRC, including its molecular structure, expression in CRC, as well as its connection with autophagy and metabolism. The regulatory factors of NRP1 in CRC were introduced, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), semaphorin 3A (SEMA3A), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), etc. The potential intervention strategies of CRC targeting NRP1 were summarized in order to provide reference for the diagnosis and prevention of CRC.
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Objective To analyze the characteristics of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) complicated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and to provide countermeasures for the prevention of NAFLD. Methods A total of 348 patients with CHB admitted to our hospital from June 2018 to June 2021 were randomly selected and divided into experimental group (CHB combined with NAFLD, n=195) and control group (CHB, n=153) according to whether they had NAFLD or not. Basic data such as age, sex, BMI (kg/m2), history of diabetes, history of hypertension, and history of alcohol consumption were collected. Serum indexes such as liver function (AST, ALT, GGT, ALP, ALB), blood lipid (TG, ldl-c), fasting blood glucose (FBG) and virological indexes such as hepatitis B virus (HBV DNA) were collected. Results A total of 348 CHB patients were included in the study, including 195 (56.03%) patients with NAFLD. The high NAFLD incidence age was between 30 and 45 years old (163 cases, 46.84%). The incidence of NAFLD in male (131 cases, 70.81%) was significantly higher than that in female (64 cases, 39.26%) (χ2=35.005, P2=10.625, χ2=20.238, P45 years (χ2=2.005, P>0.05). There were no significant differences in the history of hypertension, ALT and ALP between the two groups (P>0.05). The differences in age, sex, BMI, history of diabetes, history of alcohol consumption, AST, TG, TG, FBG and FBG between the two groups were statistically different (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that increased BMI, AST, FBG and LDL were independent risk factors for NAFLD in CHB patients (P<0.05). Conclusions CHB with NAFLD often has glucolipid metabolic disorder, which is related to increased body mass index and AST. It is suggested that we should strengthen the health management of patients with high blood pressure, diabetes, overweight, and obesity, guide patient to balance their diet, adjust their diet structure, control their body weight and glycolipid abnormalities, adjust body fat, reduce blood pressure by drugs, and control blood sugar in a timely manner, and maintain a healthy lifestyle.
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Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar algumas potencialidades do uso de uma ferramenta de intervenção com jovens em cumprimento de medidas socioeducativas em meio aberto, como uma proposta de complemento aos atendimentos psicossociais desenvolvidos no Centro de Referência Especializado de Assistência Social (Creas). Para tanto, foi utilizada a ferramenta "Trajetórias Sociais", proposta por Gaulejac (2014) e Soares e Sestren (2007), com dois jovens em cumprimento de medida socioeducativa. O uso da respectiva ferramenta possibilitou compreender os vínculos entre a história pessoal, familiar e social dos sujeitos, bem como entender as múltiplas determinações que permeiam as ações humanas. Com a elaboração da intervenção, foi possível perceber a aproximação do modo como os sentimentos e concepções de mundo são apropriadas em relação às experiências da vida cotidiana na realidade social em que tais jovens vivem.
This paper aims to present some potential about the use of an intervention tool with youngsters in compliance with socioeducative measures in open environments, as a proposal to complement the psychosocial care developed at the Specialized Reference Center for Social Assistance (CREAS). For this, the tool "Social Trajectories", proposed by Gaulejac (2014) and Soares and Sestren (2007), was used with two youngsters in compliance with socioeducative measure. The use of the tool enabled to understand the links between the personal, family and social history of the subjects, as well as the multiple determinations that permeate human actions. With the elaboration of the intervention, it was possible to perceive the way the feelings and conceptions of the world are appropriate in relation to the experiences of daily life in the social reality in which these youngsters live.
Este artículo tiene por objetivo presentar algunas potencialidades del uso de una herramienta de intervención con jóvenes en cumplimiento de medidas socio educativas en medio abierto, como una propuesta de cumplimiento de los atendimientos psico sociales desarrollados en el Centro de Referência Especializado em Assistência Social (Creas). Para tal, utilizamos la herramienta "Trajetórias Sociais", propuesta por Gaulejac (2014) y Soares y Sestren (2007), con dos jóvenes en cumplimiento de medida socio educativa. La utilización de la respectiva herramienta ha posibilitado comprender los vínculos entre la historia personal, familiar y social de los sujetos, así como comprender las múltiples determinaciones que impregnan las acciones humanas. Desde la elaboración de la intervención, ha sido posible percibir la aproximación del modo como los sentimientos y concepciones del mundo son apropiadas por las experiencias cotidianas en la realidad social en la cual están estos jóvenes.
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Psychology, Social , Social Support , Education , Emotions , Psychiatric Rehabilitation , Psychosocial InterventionABSTRACT
Objective:To study the effects of comprehensive warming intervention strategy on the body temperature of preterm infants (gestational age <32 weeks and birth weight <1 500 g) during inter-hospital transportation.Method:From October 2016 to July 2019, eligible preterm infants transported to our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. From October 2016 to March 2018, preterm infants transported with routine transportation strategy were assigned into the control group. From April 2018 to July 2019, preterm infants transported with the comprehensive warming intervention strategy were assigned into the experiment group. The body temperature, complications and prognosis before and after the transportation to our NICU were compared.Result:A total of 1 194 premature infants with gestational age <32 weeks were included with 630 cases in the control group and 564 cases in the experiment group. No significant differences existed in demographic data of the mothers, infants and the transportation time between the two groups ( P>0.05). The body temperatures before and after transportation in the experimental group were (36.8±0.5)℃ and (36.7±0.5)℃, significantly higher than the control group [(36.0±0.4)℃ and (36.3±0.6)℃] ( P<0.01). The incidences of hypoglycemia and mortality in the experimental group were 3.7% (21/564) and 4.8% (27/564), significantly lower than the control group [8.4% (53/630) and 7.9% (50/630)] ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Comprehensive warming intervention strategy in inter-hospital transport can effectively improve the body temperature of preterm infants before and after transportation, reducing the incidences of hypoglycemia and mortality.
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Objective:To explore the establishment of a cluster intervention strategy by multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) to provide a basis for the early removal of indwelling catheters in severe neurological patients.Methods:Through literature retrieval and MCDA, the catheter cluster intervention strategy was constructed, and the expert consultation was adopted to finally form 7 item cluster intervention strategies. The convenience sampling method was used to select 122 patients with severe neurological diseases as the research objects. A total of 61 patients with indwelling catheters from November 2018 to April 2019 were selected as the control group, and routine nursing care was performed according to indwelling catheters. A total of 61 patients with indwelling catheters from May 2019 to October 2019 were selected as the intervention group to compare the success rate of removing catheters, the number of days of indent catheters and the incidence of catheter-associated urinary tract infection ( CAUTI) in the two groups, as well as to analyze the indicators related to indent catheters in the intervention group with different diagnoses. Results:CAUTI incidence, successful catheter removal rate, indwelling days of catheter in the intervention group were 39.3% (24/61), 32.79% (20/61), 17 (14,22) days, which were significantly higher than 59.0% (36/61), 8.19% (5/61), 21 (15, 27) days in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (χ 2 values were 4.723, 11.775, Z value was -9.211, P<0.05 or 0.01); In the intervention group, stroke patients′ indwelling time of catheter were 7-20 days, and the highest success rate of removing urinary catheters 36.6% (15/41), compared with other diseases, the difference was statistically significant ( Z values were -2.448, -2.109, P<0.05). Conclusion:MCDA construction of early catheter removal strategy can significantly shorten the indwelling time of the catheter in patients with severe neurological diseases, improve the success rate of early catheter extubation, reduce the CAUTI rate, to provide evidence-based basis for clinical nursing.
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Frailty is a common physiological dysfunction syndrome in the elderly. Aging requires active prevention and treatment of the aging problem. Based on the background of aging problem, this paper introduces the classic and personalized methods for identifying senile frailty and analyzes their applicability. This paper discusses the evolution of the intervention center of senile frailty from the horizontal expansion of the intervention object and the vertical extension of the intervention path, discusses the significance of the comprehensive care model based on the comprehensive assessment of the elderly and the multidisciplinary cooperation in the frailty management, and expounds the bottleneck problems in the frailty management of the elderly.
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RESUMEN Introducción: la implementación de intervenciones educativas en el contexto penitenciario, contribuye a formar conductas positivas en salud bucal. El objetivo es evaluar la utilidad de una estrategia educativa sobre salud bucal en un contexto penitenciario cubano. Métodos: se implementó una estrategia educativa en salud bucal en el nivel primario, de tipo cuasiexperimental con diseño de antes y después, sin grupo de control, en 60 reclusos de una unidad penitenciaria de Camagüey, en el periodo comprendido entre de junio 2017 a enero 2018; con una frecuencia semanal de 30 minutos, el grupo se dividió en cuatro subgrupos. Resultados: se encontró una buena higiene bucal en el 94,5 %, con un nivel de información evaluado de Bien en el 91,7 %; el número de factores de riesgo disminuyó en más de la mitad de lo encontrado al inicio. Fue significativo que la autovaloración satisfactoria y la percepción favorable se encontraron por encima del 90 %. Conclusiones: La estrategia implementada se consideró útil, en tanto se produjeron modificaciones favorables según los parámetros establecidos por los autores, con diferencias marcadas al comparar los resultados del inicio con los obtenidos a los seis meses, lo anterior se avala como una fortaleza de la revolución cubana en un contexto penitenciario cubano. Los aportes de la estrategia educativa repercutieron en el servicio de estomatología desde la perspectiva de lo humanista, lo ético, lo organizativo y lo social.
ABSTRACT Introduction: the implementation of educational interventions in the prison context contributes to forming positive behaviors in oral health. Objective: to evaluate the usefulness of an educational strategy on oral health in a Cuban prison context. Methods: an educational strategy in oral health was implemented at the primary level, of a quasi-experimental type with a before and after design, without a control group, in 60 inmates of a Camagüey penitentiary unit, in the period from June 2017 to January 2018; with a weekly frequency of 30 minutes, the group was divided into four subgroups. Results: good oral hygiene was found in 94.5 %, with an information level evaluated as Good in 91.7 %; the number of risk factors decreased by more than half of what was found at the beginning. It was significant that satisfactory self-assessment and favorable perception were found to be above 90 %. Conclusions: The implemented strategy was considered useful, as favorable modifications were produced according to the parameters established by the authors, with marked differences when comparing the results at the beginning with those obtained at six months, the above is endorsed as a strength of the Cuban Revolution in a Cuban prison context. The contributions of the educational strategy had an impact on the stomatology service from the perspective of the humanist, the ethical, the organizational and the social point of view.
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Introducción: En la actualidad, el envejecimiento poblacional es uno de los problemas demográficos más relevantes. Constituye una prioridad del estado cubano la protección al adulto mayor y las acciones de salud para el aumento de la calidad de vida. Objetivo: Diseñar una estrategia de intervención para mejorar la calidad de vida de los adultos mayores. Métodos: Investigación aplicada con una primera etapa descriptiva - evaluativa y de diseño de la estrategia y una segunda etapa de realización de intervenciones y evaluación de resultados; efectuada en el Consultorio Médico número 7 del municipio Los Palacios, provincia Pinar del Río, durante el año 2018 y primer semestre 2019, con un universo de 294 adultos mayores y una muestra de 223 individuos que cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. Variables sociodemográficas: calidad de vida, autoestima y estilos de vida; se aplicó la Escala de Autoestima de Coopersmith, la Guía para el estudio del estilo de vida y la Escala MGH de calidad de vida en el adulto mayor. Resultados: Predominó el sexo femenino, la calidad de vida fue más alta en las personas con pareja, no existió correlación con el nivel de escolaridad ni se encontró polifarmacia en los adultos mayores; la autoestima, los estilos de vida saludables y la calidad de vida se elevaron considerablemente después de la intervención. Conclusiones: La estrategia de intervención diseñada contribuyó a elevar la calidad de vida en los adultos mayores(AU)
Introduction: Population aging is currently one of the most relevant demographic concerns. Protection of aged adults and health actions to increase their quality of life are a priority of the Cuban state. Objective: To design an intervention strategy to improve the quality of life of aged adults. Methods: Applied research with a first descriptive-evaluative stage for the design of the strategy, and a second stage of carrying out interventions and assessing outcomes. It was carried out in the family doctor's office number 7 of Los Palacios Municipality, in Pinar del Río Province, during 2018 and the first half of 2019, with a population of 294 aged adults and a sample of 223 individuals who met the inclusion criteria. The sociodemographic variables were quality of life, self-esteem and lifestyles. The Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory was applied, together with the Guide for the study of lifestyle and the M.G.H. Scale of quality of life in the aged adult. Results: The female sex predominated. Quality of life was higher in people with a partner. There was no correlation with the level of education. No polypharmacy was found in the aged adult. Self-esteem, healthy lifestyles and quality of life rose considerably after the intervention. Conclusions: The intervention strategy designed contributed to raising the quality of life in aged adults(AU)
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Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Quality of Life , Self Concept , Population Dynamics , Healthy Lifestyle , Aged , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional Studies , Observational StudyABSTRACT
Objective To understand the changing characteristics of sleep quality of acute plateau nursing staff during the period of assistance to Tibet, formulate comprehensive intervention measures, improve the support ability of nursing staff, and provide the basis for effectively completing the work of plateau assistance to Tibet. Methods From November to December 2017, 12 nurses who participated in the assistance work for Tibet in Lhasa region with an altitude of 3,650 m were selected as the emergency group, and 12 nurses from a hospital in Tibet were selected as the plateau group. Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) was used to investigate the sleep quality of the acute group before and after Tibet entry and the plateau group respectively. A sleep quality survey scale was designed to investigate the sleep quality of nursing staff in the emergency group and the plateau group at 5 different shifts on the same night after admission to Tibet. Results The scores of total sleep score, sleep quality, sleep time, sleep time, sleep efficiency and daytime dysfunction in the acute group were 3.77 ± 1.79, 0.89 ± 0.47, 0.78 ± 0.36, 0.76 ± 0.41, 0.19 ± 0.05, 0.54 ± 0.07, and 5.37 ± 1.23, 1.57 ± 0.36, 1.53 ± 0.43, 1.21 ± 0.38, 0.72 ± 0.10, 0.99 ± 0.91 respectively. The differences before and after Tibet were statistically significant (t=2.327-4.399, P <0.05).The scores of sleep time, sleep time, sleep efficiency and sleep disorder in the acute group were 1.53±0.43, 1.21±0.38, 0.72±0.19, 1.16 ± 0.21, and 1.04 ± 0.21, 0.86 ± 0.32, 0.39 ± 0.31 and 0.76 ± 0.33 respectively. The differences between the two groups were statistically significant (t=2.441-3.547, P<0.05 or 0.01).Radical groups after Tibet plateau and nursing staff sleep quality scale scores compare, radical group day shift, middle shift, night after night under three different shifts the total score of sleep quality, respectively 11.76 ± 0.12, 11.98 ± 0.23, 12.43 ± 0.52, higher than that of plateau group 11.18 ± 0.04 11.23 ± 0.57, 11.98±0.54, the difference between two groups was statistically significant (t=15.554, 4.227, 2.07, P<0.01 or 0.05). The sleep quality score (11.38±0.36) in the night of the rest class was lower than that of the plateau group (11.92±0.38), and the difference was statistically significant (t=-3.574, P=0.002). The score of sleep quality and sleep delay of the acute group were 1.87±0.57, 1.93±0.61, and 1.39± 0.39, 1.25±0.42 respectively. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (t=2.408, 3.181, P<0.05 or 0.01). Conclusions It is a common sleep problem for medical and nursing personnel in Tibet who rush into the plateau. Comprehensive intervention measures should be taken in advance, scientific popularization, education and health technical guidance should be carried out in the early stage, mental health conditions should be improved, and drug prevention should be taken when necessary to help medical and nursing personnel in Tibet sleep quality.
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@#AIM: To evaluate the effect of ICCC based comprehensive intervention with community participation initiative on diabetic blindness prevention in Eye Health Management of Baotou. <p>METHODS: Totally 470 diabetic patients newly registered within 3mo in local community health center were recruited in the study by random sampling. The control group received conventional public health service from chronic disease management approach with medical organization initiative on diabetic blindness prevention, and study group received comprehensive intervention based on ICCC model with community participation initiative. Informative knowledge, beheld accurate beliefs and acting behavior(KAP)in preventing diabetic blindness were measured in baseline survey before intervention and final survey after 1 y intervention in both groups respectively to evaluate the effect of different eye health management approaches on diabetic blindness prevention. Chi-square test and <i>t</i>-test were used to compare the effect of intervention and multiple linear regression analysis was used for analyzing influencing factors.<p>RESULTS: With 235 in control group and 235 in study group in baseline survey, and 208 and 216 in final survey. For study group accurate knowledge informative rate, accurate beheld belief rate and desired acting behavior rate in all the items of questions regarding diabetic blindness and its prevention in the final survey were all significant higher than the ones in baseline survey, and were significantly higher than that in control group. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that group type, educational level and DM duration were the influencing factors on the level of the knowledge. Group type, educational level and gender were the influencing factors on the level of beheld belief. Group type and educational level were the influencing factors on the level of acting behaviors in preventing diabetic blindness. <p>CONCLUSION:Comprehensive intervention with community participation initiative on managing diabetic eye health to prevent diabetic blindness had better performance compared to traditional intervention, thus it is an effective strategy in promoting diabetic eye health among diabetes.
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In recent years, with the in-depth research on intestinal microecology, probiotics, probiotics, synbiotics, fecal bacteria transplantation and other microecological therapies have become new clinical treatment and intervention methods. The occurrence and development of some chronic diseases are closely related to the disorder of intestinal flora. Therefore, in clinical practice, the treatment and adjuvant treatment of chronic dis-eases related to intestinal flora disorder with the method of intestinal microecology will bring better treatment op-tions and clinical prognosis. How to better regulate intestinal flora to bring more benefits to such patients, as well as what kind of microecologics and treatment methods are the primary problems and challenges in the inter-vention of chronic diseases with microecologics. Based on the current trend of intestinal microecological inter-vention in chronic diseases, this article proposedthe microecological intervention strategy, in order to improve theunderstanding of this topic.
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Objective@#To understand the changing characteristics of sleep quality of acute plateau nursing staff during the period of assistance to Tibet, formulate comprehensive intervention measures, improve the support ability of nursing staff, and provide the basis for effectively completing the work of plateau assistance to Tibet.@*Methods@#From November to December 2017, 12 nurses who participated in the assistance work for Tibet in Lhasa region with an altitude of 3,650 m were selected as the emergency group, and 12 nurses from a hospital in Tibet were selected as the plateau group. Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) was used to investigate the sleep quality of the acute group before and after Tibet entry and the plateau group respectively. A sleep quality survey scale was designed to investigate the sleep quality of nursing staff in the emergency group and the plateau group at 5 different shifts on the same night after admission to Tibet.@*Results@#The scores of total sleep score, sleep quality, sleep time, sleep time, sleep efficiency and daytime dysfunction in the acute group were 3.77±1.79, 0.89±0.47, 0.78±0.36, 0.76±0.41, 0.19±0.05, 0.54±0.07, and 5.37±1.23, 1.57±0.36, 1.53±0.43, 1.21±0.38, 0.72±0.10, 0.99±0.91 respectively. The differences before and after Tibet were statistically significant (t=2.327-4.399, P <0.05).The scores of sleep time, sleep time, sleep efficiency and sleep disorder in the acute group were 1.53±0.43, 1.21±0.38, 0.72±0.19, 1.16±0.21, and 1.04±0.21, 0.86±0.32, 0.39±0.31 and 0.76±0.33 respectively. The differences between the two groups were statistically significant (t=2.441-3.547, P<0.05 or 0.01).Radical groups after Tibet plateau and nursing staff sleep quality scale scores compare, radical group day shift, middle shift, night after night under three different shifts the total score of sleep quality, respectively 11.76±0.12, 11.98±0.23, 12.43±0.52, higher than that of plateau group 11.18±0.04 11.23±0.57, 11.98±0.54, the difference between two groups was statistically significant (t=15.554, 4.227, 2.07, P<0.01 or 0.05). The sleep quality score (11.38±0.36) in the night of the rest class was lower than that of the plateau group (11.92±0.38), and the difference was statistically significant (t=-3.574, P=0.002). The score of sleep quality and sleep delay of the acute group were 1.87±0.57, 1.93±0.61, and 1.39±0.39, 1.25±0.42 respectively. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (t=2.408, 3.181, P< 0.05 or 0.01).@*Conclusions@#It is a common sleep problem for medical and nursing personnel in Tibet who rush into the plateau. Comprehensive intervention measures should be taken in advance, scientific popularization, education and health technical guidance should be carried out in the early stage, mental health conditions should be improved, and drug prevention should be taken when necessary to help medical and nursing personnel in Tibet sleep quality.
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Introducción:La hemodiálisis es el método más común para tratar la insuficiencia renal avanzada y permanente. La afectación está determinada por los cambios asociados a la enfermedad, pero se ve influida por múltiples factores, entre los que destaca la respuesta emocional, por su evidencia e implicación en el estilo de vida, las relaciones personales y el afrontamiento.Objetivo:Elaborar una estrategia de intervención de Enfermería para el mejoramiento del estado emocional de los pacientes sometidos a hemodiálisis.Métodos:Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, explicativo, en un universo de 60 pacientes atendidos en el servicio de Hemodiálisis del Hospital General Ambato, las técnicas empleadas para la recolección de los datos fueron la encuestas y análisis documental siendo procesados en el programa SPSS.Resultados:Predominóen la investigación que el 66.7% no recibe información por parte del personal de enfermería sobre el proceso que está atravesando. También el 86.7% determinaron que la actuación de la familia en todos los procesos crónicos del paciente es fundamental, ya que éste presenta cambios, convirtiéndose así en un eje para la adaptación de su proceso y tratamiento. Se propusieron acciones estratégicas a cumplir por el personal de enfermería.Conclusiones:Los resultados de la investigación demostraron que las acciones del personal de enfermería fueron un factor determinante en el estado emocional del paciente hemodializado, de igual manera las relaciones familiares y de pareja. Se elaboró una estrategia de intervención de enfermería para mejorar el estado emocional de los pacientes hemodializados en el Hospital General Ambato
Introduction:Hemodialysis is the most common method to treat advanced and permanent renal failure. Affectation is determined by the changes associated with the disease, but it is influenced by multiple factors, among which the emotional response stands out, due to its evidence and involvement in lifestyle, personal relationships and coping.Objective:To develop a nursing intervention strategy to improve the emotional state of patients undergoing hemodialysis. Methods:A descriptive, explanatory study was carried out in a universe of 60 patients treated in the Hemodialysis service of the Ambato General Hospital. The techniques used to collect the data were the surveys and documentary analysis being processed in the SPSS program.Results:I predominate in the research that 66.7% does not receive information from the nursing staff about the process that is going on. Also, 86.7% determined that the action of the family in all the chronic processes of the patient is fundamental, since it presents changes, thus becoming an axis for the adaptation of its process and treatment. Strategic actions were proposed to be fulfilled by the nursing staff.Conclusions:The results of the investigation showed that the actions of the nursing staff were a determining factor in the emotional state of the hemodialysis patient, as well as the family and couple relationships. A nursing intervention strategy was developed to improve the emotional state of hemodialysis patients in the Ambato General HospitaL
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Mental Health , Nursing , Pain Management , Psychology, Applied , Disease ManagementABSTRACT
Salt reduction is one of the effective strategy for chronic non-communicable disease control and prevention recommended by World Health Organization. Research evidences on salt reduction emerge recently and some issues remain controversial. With the aim of providing reference for the future salt reduction action, this article reviewed the current evidence and strategies on the source of salt intake, the relationship between salt and health, the cost-effectiveness of salt reduction, as well as the targets and strategies of salt reduction. It also elaborated the main controversial issues in salt reduction, including salt reduction in population, evaluation method of salt intake, substitute salt, iodine intake, and the effectiveness of salt reduction strategy. The international and internal salt reduction activities were introduced as well.
ABSTRACT
As the number and proportion of aging population increase,dementia has posed tremendous challenges to the sustainable social and economic development of many countries in the world.Thus,dementia has been identified as a global public health priority.Clinically,there is currently no cure for dementia.However,in the past decades epidemiological research has suggested that cardiovascular risk factors and psychosocial factors over the life-course could significantly affect the risk of dementia occurrence later in life.Of these factors,smoking,diabetes,and midlife hypertension,obesity,and high cholesterol might contribute to the clinical onset of late-life dementia by causing cerebral macro-and microvascular damage and neurodegeneration,whereas high educational attainments in early life and social engagement,physical and mentally-stimulating activities during adulthoods might help maintain late-life cognitive function by increasing cognitive reserve.Thus,theoretically clinical onset of dementia is likely to be postponed by implementing interventions targeting these factors over the lifespan.In recent years,evidence from research in Europe and North America has emerged that multimodal interventions that consist of intensive control of cardiovascular risk factors,balanced diets,physical activity,and cognitive training may help maintain cognitive function among individuals at risk for dementia.We call that population intervention research against dementia should be strengthened in China.Identifying the intervention programmes against dementia that are effective specifically among Chinese population is of high relevance for developing the national dementia action plan,and thus effectively dealing with the huge challenges by dementia.