Burnout inventory for referees (bir): psychometric properties for brazilian soccer referees / Inventário de burnout para árbitros (bir): propriedades psicométricas para árbitros brasileiros de futebol

ABSTRACT The objective of the study is to analyze the psychometric measurements of the Burnout Inventory for Referees (BIR) offering validity evidence of the instrument through the analysis of its internal structure, estimating reliability indicators and comparing the total score of Burnout in referees and assistant referees. Participants were 284 soccer referees from six Brazilian states. The mean age was 31.3 years old (±6.1), being 255 male participants (89.7%), and the average experience time of the referees was 6.9 years (±5.5 years). The BIR consists of a questionnaire of 9 items, arranged on a 7 points likert scale. The result of the exploratory factor analysis pointed to one factor that explained 53.1% of the data variance. The Comparative Fit Index = 0.923 (95% CI 0.883-0.950) and Non-Normed Fit Index = 0.897 (95% CI 0.844-0.933) indicates suitability to a single-factor. There was no burnout difference between referees and assistant referees. The instrument presented a reliability index (McDonald´s omega) of 0.823. It is concluded that the factor structure of BIR´s version for Brazilian referees focuses on a single dimension that guided the development of the instrument. This result is also different from that found in other studies carried out previously using the instrument.

RESUMO O objetivo do estudo é analisar as propriedades psicométricas do Inventário de Burnout para Árbitros (BIR) oferecendo evidências de validade do instrumento por meio da análise de sua estrutura interna, estimando indicadores de confiabilidade e comparar o escore total de Burnout em árbitros centrais e árbitros assistentes. Participaram 284 árbitros de futebol de seis Estados brasileiros. A idade média foi 31,3 anos(±6,1), sendo 255 do sexo masculino (89,7 %) e tempo de experiência na arbitragem médio 6,9 anos (±5,5 anos). O BIR consiste em um questionário de 9 itens, dispostos em uma escala likert de 7 pontos. O resultado da análise fatorial exploratória apontou para a presença de um fator que explicou 53,1% da variância dos dados. O ajuste do modelo Comparative Fit Index = 0,923 (IC de 95% 0,883-0,950) e Non-Normed Fit Index = 0,897 (IC de 95% 0,844- 0,933), indicam adequação do modelo de um fator único. Não houve diferença de burnout entre árbitros assistentes e centrais. O instrumento apresentou índice de confiabilidade ômega de McDonald = 0,823. Conclui-se que o BIR apresenta estrutura fatorial centrada na dimensão exaustão física e emocional, diferente do seu modelo inicialmente proposto, e de outros estudos realizados anteriormente com o instrumento.

Bienestar Psicológico en Migrantes latinos en la ciudad de Temuco / Psychological Wellbeing in Latino Migrants and Chilean Natives in the City of Temuco

El objetivo del estudio fue determinar el nivel de bienestar psicológico durante el primer semestre del año 2019 en migrantes latinos de la ciudad de Temuco Chile (59,3% mujeres, y 40,7 % hombres). Se aplicó la escala de bienestar psicológico de Ryff con técnica muestral bola de nieve usando un sistema de contacto a través de redes y medios electrónicos, cautelando todas las dimensiones éticas siendo certificado por un comité acreditado. Como resultado relevante se pueda indicar que existe un nivel de bienestar más alto en mujeres que en hombres, que el bienestar pareciera estar asociado a la empleabilidad y que las dimensiones más sensibles en esta población son el dominio del entorno y las relaciones positivas. Este estudio permite tener claridad respecto de las dificultades de integración que han tenido los migrantes y la urgente necesidad de definir programas de inclusión y apoyo social(AU)

The objective of the study was to determine the level of psychological well-being during the first semester of 2019 in Latino migrants from the city of Temuco, Chile (59.3% women, and 40.7% men). The psychological well-being scale of Ryff was applied with a snowball sampling technique using a contact system through networks and electronic means, safeguarding all the ethical dimensions being certified by an accredited committee. As a relevant result, it can be indicated that there is a higher level of well-being in women than in men, that welfare seems to be associated with employability and that the most sensitive dimensions in this population are the domain of the environment and positive relationships. This study makes it possible to be clear about the integration difficulties that migrants have had and the urgent need to define inclusion and social support programs(AU)

Burnout docente y estrategias de afrontamiento en docentes de primaria y secundaria / Teachers burnout and coping estrategies in elementary school and high school teachers

La presente investigación tuvo como principal objetivo la identificación de la prevalencia del Síndrome de Burnout y su posible relación con las llamadas estrategias de afrontamiento. Para tal fin se recurrió a una muestra de 120 de docentes que laboran en los niveles de primaria y secundaria en diversas instituciones educativas de carácter privado y público. Para alcanzar dicho objetivo se utilizó un diseño descriptivo correlacional no experimental de tipo transversal. Se usó el Inventario de Burnout de Maslash y la Escala de Estrategias de afrontamiento modificada. Los resultados de presencia del síndrome indican una prevalencia alta en el 16%, media en el 43% y baja en el 41% de la población. Las estrategias de afrontamiento que están relacionadas positivamente con el síndrome son: búsqueda de apoyo social y búsqueda de apoyo profesional. Las que están relacionadas negativamente son: búsqueda de alternativa, evitación comportamental, conformismo, expresión emocional abierta y búsqueda de apoyo social.

This research's main objective was to identify the prevalence of burnout syndrome and its possible calls relation with coping strategies. For this purpose we used a sample of 120 teachers which work in primary and secondary levels in several private and public educational institutions. To achieve this objective, we used a descriptive correlacional design nonexperimental cross. We used Maslash Burnout Inventory and the Coping Strategies Scale property. The results indicate the presence of highly prevalent syndrome in 16%, medium in 43% and low in 41% of the population. The coping strategies that are positively related with the syndrome are: social support seeking, professional support seeking. Those that are negatively related are: searching for alternative, behavioral avoidance, conformity, open emotional expression and social support seeking.